Plasticity Of Soybean Glycine Max L Merrill Root Development Under Mild Water Deficits
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Plasticity Of Soybean Glycine Max L Merrill Root Development Under Mild Water Deficits
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Author : Yong He
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Plasticity Of Soybean Glycine Max L Merrill Root Development Under Mild Water Deficits written by Yong He and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Electronic dissertations categories.
Drought is the major abiotic factor limiting soybean yield in the US. Under water deficit conditions, root systems may exhibit developmental plasticity resulting in morphological changes that extend the water-absorbing surface area of the roots. The objective of this study was to identify soybean genotypes which exhibit genetic diversity in root system developmental plasticity in response to water deficits, in order to enable physiological and genetic analyses of the regulatory mechanisms involved. Studies were conducted both at the seedling stage under precisely-controlled water deficits, and during three-week soil drying treatments of plants growing in 1.5 m-deep soil cylinders in controlled-environment chambers. Using the seedling system, 11 soybean genotypes selected from both domestic and Plant Introduction lines were studied. The results showed substantial genetic diversity in the capacity for increased lateral root development (number and total length of roots produced) and in the responses of overall root and shoot growth under water deficit conditions. Studies of the spatial and temporal patterns of lateral root development showed that the promotion of lateral root length under water deficit conditions was due to an increased root production rate rather than earlier initiation or promotion of root elongation. Genotypes with either superior or inferior root plasticity responses at the seedling stage were selected for more detailed studies using the deeper soil cylinder system with more mature plants. The results showed consistent genetic differences in lateral root developmental plasticity under water deficit conditions between the seedling and more mature plant systems.
A Genotypic Comparison Of Plasticity Of Root System Development During Soil Drying In Soybean Glycine Max L Merrill
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Author : Tracy Cottle Scanlan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
A Genotypic Comparison Of Plasticity Of Root System Development During Soil Drying In Soybean Glycine Max L Merrill written by Tracy Cottle Scanlan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Electronic dissertations categories.
Water deficit is responsible for significant losses in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) yield under dryland conditions. Under drought, increases in root depth and density, i.e., developmental plasticity, enable plants to sustain high rates of water extraction and help to maintain yield (O'Toole and Bland, 1987; Sponchiado et al., 1989; White and Castillo, 1989). The objective of this project was to screen and identify soybean lines exhibiting diversity in root system characteristics that are associated with drought tolerance, in order to enable physiological and genetic analyses of the regulatory mechanisms involved. A genetically diverse collection of soybean genotypes was selected for screening. To evaluate root plasticity in response to soil drying, an experimental system that allowed spatial and temporal monitoring of root proliferation was developed. Plants were grown in soil columns 1.5 meters in depth, and subjected to soil drying for three weeks. The vertical distribution of root development was monitored photographically at weekly intervals, and plants were harvested at the end of the experiments for taproot length and shoot biomass. In nine genotypes tested under greenhouse conditions, final taproot length ranged from 98% to 150% of well-watered controls. Genetic variation in the response of rooting density to drought was also demonstrated. However, comparison between genotypes was complicated by variation in leaf area development and, as a result, in rates of soil drying and plant stress development, as well as by seasonal variation in the greenhouse environmental conditions. Therefore, growth chamber studies which allowed equivalent rates of soil drying between two selected genotypes were conducted. These studies demonstrated that under equivalent rates of soil drying, insignificant differences in the response of rooting density to drought between the two genotypes were observed.
Soybean
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Author : Dora Krezhova
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2011-11-07
Soybean written by Dora Krezhova and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-07 with Science categories.
This book presents the importance of applying of novel genetics and breading technologies. The efficient genotype selections and gene transformations provide for generation of new and improved soybean cultivars, resistant to disease and environmental stresses. The book introduces also a few recent modern techniques and technologies for detection of plant stress and characterization of biomaterials as well as for processing of soybean food and oil products.
Water Stress Morphological And Anatomical Changes In Soybean Glycine Max L Plants
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Author : Phetole Mangena
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Water Stress Morphological And Anatomical Changes In Soybean Glycine Max L Plants written by Phetole Mangena and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Medicine categories.
Water stress is one of the most important physiological stress factors that adversely affect soybeans in many critical aspects of their growth and metabolism. Soybean's growth, development and productivity are severely diminished, when soil or cell water potential becomes inadequate to sustain metabolic functioning. However, little has been done to gather comprehensive information regarding the specific changes that occur in water-stressed plants at the anatomical and morphological level. In this study, deviations in root growth, shoot growth, stomatal conductance, yield components and anatomical features are reported. Treatments with two levels of water stress imposed by reducing irrigation (once in 7 days or once in 15 days) revealed that, all cultivars (Dundee, LS 677, LS 678, TGx 1740-2F, TGx 1835-10E and Peking) were highly susceptible to prolonged water stress, exhibiting severe dehydration and death. A 15.0 and 30.0% survival frequency was obtained in plants irrigated once in 7 days; LS 677 and Peking, respectively. Unlike many other stresses, water deficit did not only affect the density of stomata, but, photosynthesis was affected by the lower levels of tissue CO2. These results suggest that, balanced biochemical, physiological, anatomical and morphological regulations are necessary for increased growth and yields in soybean.
Plant Abiotic Stress And Responses To Climate Change
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Author : Violeta Andjelkovic
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2018-05-23
Plant Abiotic Stress And Responses To Climate Change written by Violeta Andjelkovic and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-23 with Medical categories.
Climate change is a serious problem influencing agricultural production worldwide and challenging researchers to investigate plant responses and to breed crops for the changed growing conditions. Abiotic stresses are the most important for crop production, affecting about 96.5% of arable land worldwide. These stress factors include high and low temperature, water deficit (drought) and flooding, salinity, heavy metals, UV radiation, light, chemical pollutants, and so on. Since some of the stresses occurred simultaneously, such as heat and water deficit, causing the interactions of physiological processes, novel multidisciplinary solutions are needed. This book provides an overview of the present state in the research of abiotic stresses and molecular, biochemical, and whole plant responses, helping to prevent the negative impact of global climate change.
A Comprehensive Survey Of International Soybean Research
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Author : James Board
language : en
Publisher: IntechOpen
Release Date : 2013-01-02
A Comprehensive Survey Of International Soybean Research written by James Board and has been published by IntechOpen this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Soybean is the most important oilseed and livestock feed crop in the world. These dual uses are attributed to the crop's high protein content (nearly 40% of seed weight) and oil content (approximately 20%); characteristics that are not rivaled by any other agronomic crop. Across the 10-year period from 2001 to 2010, world soybean production increased from 168 to 258 million metric tons (54% increase). Against the backdrop of soybean's striking ascendancy is increased research interest in the crop throughout the world. Information in this book presents a comprehensive view of research efforts in genetics, plant physiology, agronomy, agricultural economics, and nitrogen relationships that will benefit soybean stakeholders and scientists throughout the world. We hope you enjoy the book.
Drought Resistance In Crops With Emphasis On Rice
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Author : International Rice Research Institute
language : en
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
Release Date : 1982
Drought Resistance In Crops With Emphasis On Rice written by International Rice Research Institute and has been published by Int. Rice Res. Inst. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Crop yields categories.
Physiological Determinants Of Crop Growth
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Author : D. A. Charles-Edwards
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
Physiological Determinants Of Crop Growth written by D. A. Charles-Edwards and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Nature categories.
Plant Responses To Drought Stress
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Author : Ricardo Aroca
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-10-12
Plant Responses To Drought Stress written by Ricardo Aroca and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-12 with Science categories.
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the multiple strategies that plants have developed to cope with drought, one of the most severe environmental stresses. Experts in the field present 17 chapters, each of which focuses on a basic concept as well as the latest findings. The following major aspects are covered in the book: · Morphological and anatomical adaptations · Physiological responses · Biochemical and molecular responses · Ecophysiological responses · Responses to drought under field conditions The contributions will serve as an invaluable source of information for researchers and advanced students in the fields of plant sciences, agriculture, ecophysiology, biochemistry and molecular biology.
Understanding Options For Agricultural Production
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Author : G.Y. Tsuji
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-14
Understanding Options For Agricultural Production written by G.Y. Tsuji and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Science categories.
The first premise of this book is that farmers need access to options for improving their situation. In agricultural terms, these options might be manage ment alternatives or different crops to grow, that can stabilize or increase household income, that reduce soil degradation and dependence on off-farm inputs, or that exploit local market opportunities. Farmers need a facilitating environment, in which affordable credit is available if needed, in which policies are conducive to judicious management of natural resources, and in which costs and prices of production are stable. Another key ingredient of this facilitating environment is information: an understanding of which options are viable, how these operate at the farm level, and what their impact may be on the things that farmers perceive as being important. The second premise is that systems analysis and simulation have an impor tant role to play in fostering this understanding of options, traditional field experimentation being time-consuming and costly. This book summarizes the activities of the International Benchmark Sites Network for Agrotechnology Transfer (IBSNAT) project, an international initiative funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). IBSNAT was an attempt to demonstrate the effectiveness of understanding options through systems analysis and simulation for the ultimate benefit of farm households in the tropics and subtropics. The idea for the book was first suggested at one of the last IBSNAT group meetings held at the University of Hawaii in 1993.