Pluralism And The Mind
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Pluralism And The Mind
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Author : Matthew Colborn
language : en
Publisher: Andrews UK Limited
Release Date : 2011-11-03
Pluralism And The Mind written by Matthew Colborn and has been published by Andrews UK Limited this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-03 with Psychology categories.
Paul Feyerabend noted that ‘… the world which we want to explore is a largely unknown entity. We must, therefore, keep our options open and … not restrict ourselves in advance.' (1975, p. 20). Given that consciousness is poorly understood and vaguely defined, such advice seems sound, but is frequently ignored in favour of an insistence that a scientific theory of consciousness must be reducible to current monist physics and biology. This book argues that such an insistence is historically unsupportable, theoretically incoherent and unnecessary. The author instead makes the case for emergent property pluralism. New concepts of emergent mental properties are needed in part because of the failure of mainstream approaches (like computationalism or dynamical systems) satisfactorily to address issues like subjective volition, autonomy and creativity. The author sees personal consciousness as active and classifiable as a subset of the wider problem of biological causation. (‘Biological causation' is my term for issues like downwards causation, ‘final causes,’ purposive behaviour and autonomy that are poorly handled by conventional evolutionary, computational or dynamical systems models (See Rosen, 1991, Ho, 2008). Rosen’s approach is especially useful from a pluralistic perspective because of his insistence that ‘no one mode of causal entailment suffices to understand anything’ (Rosen, 1991, p. 13.)) The book is split into three sections. Part one builds an historical case for pluralism. Part two deconstructs insistent monism and mainstream models before addressing biological causation. Part three explores the consequences of such an alternative approach by examining specific phenomena like free will, the self and evolutionary emergence.
A Pluralist Theory Of The Mind
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Author : David Ludwig
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-10-22
A Pluralist Theory Of The Mind written by David Ludwig and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-22 with Science categories.
This book challenges common debates in philosophy of mind by questioning the framework of placement problems in contemporary metaphysics. The author argues that placement problems arise when exactly one fundamental ontology serves as the base for all entities, and will propose a pluralist alternative that takes the diversity of our conceptual resources and ontologies seriously. This general pluralist account is applied to issues in philosophy of mind to argue that contemporary debates about the mind-body problem are built on this problematic framework of placement problems. The starting point is the plurality of ontologies in scientific practice. Not only can we describe the world in terms of physical, biological, or psychological ontologies, but any serious engagement with scientific ontologies will identify more specific ontologies in each domain. For example, there is not one unified ontology for biology, but rather a diversity of scientific specializations with different ontological needs. Based on this account of scientific practice the author argues that there is no reason to assume that ontological unification must be possible everywhere. Without this ideal, the scope of ontological unification turns out to be an open empirical question and there is no need to present unification failures as philosophically puzzling “placement problems”.
Pluralism And The Mind
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Author : Matthew Colborn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Pluralism And The Mind written by Matthew Colborn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Consciousness categories.
Reduction In Philosophy Of Mind
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Author : Markus I. Eronen
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2013-05-02
Reduction In Philosophy Of Mind written by Markus I. Eronen and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-02 with Philosophy categories.
The notion of reduction continues to play a key role in philosophy of mind and philosophy of cognitive science. Supporters of reductionism claim that psychological properties or explanations reduce to neural properties or explanations, while antireductionists claim that such reductions are not possible. In this book, I apply recent developments in philosophy of science, particularly the mechanistic explanation paradigm and the interventionist theory of causation, to reassess the traditional approaches to reduction in philosophy of mind. I then elaborate and defend a pluralistic framework for philosophy of mind, and show how reductionist ideas can be incorporated into it. This leads to a novel synthesis of pluralism and reductionism that I call pluralistic physicalism.
Dream Pluralism
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Author : Melanie Rosen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Dream Pluralism written by Melanie Rosen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Dreams categories.
"This thesis applies a cross-disciplinary, integrative approach to the study of dreams ... [that] provides new insight into both the ontology of dreams and our understanding of the mind."--abstract.
Pluralism Contemporary Political Philosophy
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Author : Daniel M. Weinstock
language : en
Publisher: Blackwell Pub
Release Date : 2014-08-30
Pluralism Contemporary Political Philosophy written by Daniel M. Weinstock and has been published by Blackwell Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-30 with Political Science categories.
Many philosophers and psychologists argue that normal adult human beings possess a primitive or folk psychological theory. Recently, however, this theory has come under challenge from the simulation alternative. Thi s alternative view says that human bings are able to predict and explain each others' actions by using the resources of their own minds to simuate the psychological etiology of the actions of others. The 13 essays in this volume present the foundations of theory of mind debate, and are accompanied by an introduction.
The Realm Of Ends
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Author : James Ward
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-06-09
The Realm Of Ends written by James Ward and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-09 with Philosophy categories.
Based upon the Gifford Lectures 1907-10, this 1911 volume develops renowned philosopher and psychologist James Ward's beliefs into a complete system.
The Realm Of Ends
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Author : James Ward
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1912
The Realm Of Ends written by James Ward and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1912 with Philosophy categories.
Beyond Reduction
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Author : Steven Horst
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2007-08-30
Beyond Reduction written by Steven Horst and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-08-30 with Philosophy categories.
Contemporary philosophers of mind tend to assume that the world of nature can be reduced to basic physics. Yet there are features of the mind consciousness, intentionality, normativity that do not seem to be reducible to physics or neuroscience. This explanatory gap between mind and brain has thus been a major cause of concern in recent philosophy of mind. Reductionists hold that, despite all appearances, the mind can be reduced to the brain. Eliminativists hold that it cannot, and that this implies that there is something illegitimate about the mentalistic vocabulary. Dualists hold that the mental is irreducible, and that this implies either a substance or a property dualism. Mysterian non-reductive physicalists hold that the mind is uniquely irreducible, perhaps due to some limitation of our self-understanding. In this book, Steven Horst argues that this whole conversation is based on assumptions left over from an outdated philosophy of science. While reductionism was part of the philosophical orthodoxy fifty years ago, it has been decisively rejected by philosophers of science over the past thirty years, and for good reason. True reductions are in fact exceedingly rare in the sciences, and the conviction that they were there to be found was an artifact of armchair assumptions of 17th century Rationalists and 20th century Logical Empiricists. The explanatory gaps between mind and brain are far from unique. In fact, in the sciences it is gaps all the way down.And if reductions are rare in even the physical sciences, there is little reason to expect them in the case of psychology. Horst argues that this calls for a complete re-thinking of the contemporary problematic in philosophy of mind. Reductionism, dualism, eliminativism and non-reductive materialism are each severely compromised by post-reductionist philosophy of science, and philosophy of mind is in need of a new paradigm. Horst suggests that such a paradigm might be found in Cognitive Pluralism: the view that human cognitive architecture constrains us to understand the world through a plurality of partial, idealized, and pragmatically-constrained models, each employing a particular representational system optimized for its own problem domain. Such an architecture can explain the disunities of knowledge, and is plausible on evolutionary grounds.
William James
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Author : Kennan Ferguson
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2007
William James written by Kennan Ferguson and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Philosophy categories.
William James is known today strictly as a philosopher of pragmatism. Williams James: Politics in the Pluriverse challenges this understanding. Kennan Ferguson argues that James should instead be known as the progenitor of pluralism, one of the most influential and durable American political philosophies of the twentieth century. James contended that engagement with the foreign, the difficult, and the uncomfortable makes us who we are. Rather than mitigating differences or attempting to resolve conflicts, he embraced them, wholeheartedly advocating the opportunity to be transformed. Pluralism, in the mind of the thinker who popularized the term, led to a more complex, more contentious, and far more interesting world. Ferguson traces the historical importance and contemporary possibilities of pluralism's original political insight. In this important work he examines the trajectory of pluralism in the United States and England, the mutual influences of turn-of-the-century American and European philosophical traditions, and the relationship between pluralism and James's active anti-imperialism. James's unexpected political concepts and commitments both illuminate political philosophy of the 20th century and challenge contemporary assumptions about the desirability of unanimity. Pluralism, not unity, should be the goal of both politics and philosophy.