Population And Individual Level Prey Selection By A Solitary Predator As Determined With Two Estimates Of Prey Availability
DOWNLOAD
Download Population And Individual Level Prey Selection By A Solitary Predator As Determined With Two Estimates Of Prey Availability PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Population And Individual Level Prey Selection By A Solitary Predator As Determined With Two Estimates Of Prey Availability book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Population And Individual Level Prey Selection By A Solitary Predator As Determined With Two Estimates Of Prey Availability
DOWNLOAD
Author : L. Mark Elbroch
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Population And Individual Level Prey Selection By A Solitary Predator As Determined With Two Estimates Of Prey Availability written by L. Mark Elbroch and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Diet categories.
Prey selection is exhibited by predator populations that kill a prey species disproportionate to its availability, or alternatively, individual predators that select prey disproportionate to the mean selection exhibited by their populations. Prey selection is a simple calculation when one can determine prey availability; however, measuring prey availability is challenging. We compared population- and individual-level prey selection as determined with two measures of prey availability for five ungulate species killed by pumas (Puma concolor (L., 1771)) in the Southern Yellowstone Ecosystem, USA: (1) annual prey counts and (2) total prey killed by marked pumas. We also tested whether individual pumas in the population exhibited a narrower dietary niche breadth compared with their population as a whole. The two methods yielded different estimates of prey availability and highlighted the need to consciously match prey availability estimates with appropriate ecological questions. Prey counts may have overestimated elk (Cervus canadensis (Erxleben, 1777)) abundance and underestimated deer abundance, whereas predation data may have better captured the influence of prey size on puma-specific prey vulnerability and availability. Prey counts were the more appropriate metric for analyzing population-level prey selection or differences in interspecific foraging, whereas total prey killed was the more appropriate metric for intraspecific comparisons.
Yellowstones Survival
DOWNLOAD
Author : Susan G. Clark
language : en
Publisher: Anthem Press
Release Date : 2021-05-15
Yellowstones Survival written by Susan G. Clark and has been published by Anthem Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-15 with Science categories.
This book focuses on Yellowstone: the park, the larger ecosystem, and even more so, the “idea” of Yellowstone. In presenting a case for a new conservation paradigm for the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), including Yellowstone National Park, the book, at its heart, is about people and nature relationships. This new paradigm will be truly committed to a healthy, sustainable environment, rich in other life forms, and one that affords dignity for all: humans and nonhumans. The new story or paradigm must be about living such a commitment and future for GYE in real time. The book presents a well-developed theory for interdisciplinary problem solving that is grounded in practice.
Group Selection In Predator Prey Communities Mpb 9 Volume 9
DOWNLOAD
Author : Michael E. Gilpin
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-03-31
Group Selection In Predator Prey Communities Mpb 9 Volume 9 written by Michael E. Gilpin and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-31 with Science categories.
Many animals regulate their population density by patterns of behavior that would be easy to explain if the forces of natural selection acted to optimize group properties. But Darwinian selection acts on individuals, not groups, and most simple theories have shown group selection to be too slow ever to oppose individual selection successfully. In this book Michael Gilpin presents a model, based on predator-prey dynamics, wherein nonlinear effects are important, so that small advantages to the selfish individual are nonlinearly amplified into disaster for his group. The result is that group selection can be rapid and powerful. Of course many instances of apparent group selection can be explained by kin selection; in other cases, close examination reveals that seemingly altruistic behavior directly benefits the individual genotype as well as the group. The value of the monograph is that it provides a robust model in which group selection, pure and unadulterated, can be seen to work.
Assessing Differential Prey Selection Patterns Between Two Sympatric Large Carnivores
DOWNLOAD
Author : Jason S. Husseman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Assessing Differential Prey Selection Patterns Between Two Sympatric Large Carnivores written by Jason S. Husseman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Predatory animals categories.
Several conceptual models describing patterns of prey selection by predators have been proposed, but such models rarely have been tested empirically, particularly with terrestrial carnivores. We examined patterns of prey selection by sympatric wolves (Canis lupus) and cougars (Puma concolor) to determine i) if both predators selected disadvantaged prey disproportionately from the prey population, and ii) if the specific nature and intensity of prey selection differed according to disparity in hunting behavior between predator species. We documented prey characteristics and kill site attributes of predator kills during winters 1999?2001 in Idaho, and located 120 wolf-killed and 98 cougar-killed ungulates on our study site. Elk (Cervus elephus) were the primary prey for both predators, followed by mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). Both predators preyed disproportionately on elk calves and old individuals; among mule deer, wolves appeared to select for fawns, whereas cougars killed primarily adults. Nutritional status of prey, as determined by percent femur marrow fat, was consistently poorer in wolf-killed prey. We found that wolf kills occurred in habitat that was more reflective of the entire study area than cougar kills, suggesting that the coursing hunting behavior of wolves likely operated on a larger spatial scale than did the ambush hunting strategy of cougars. We concluded that the disparity in prey selection and hunting habitat between predators probably was a function of predator-specific hunting behavior and capture success, where the longer prey chases and lower capture success of wolf packs mandated a stronger selection for disadvantaged prey. For cougars, prey selection seemed to be limited primarily by prey size, which could be a function of the solitary hunting behavior of this species and the risks associated with capturing prime-aged prey.
New Perspectives And Emerging Directions In Predator Prey Functional Response Research Hommage To C S Holling 1930 2019
DOWNLOAD
Author : Thomas John Hossie
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-07-26
New Perspectives And Emerging Directions In Predator Prey Functional Response Research Hommage To C S Holling 1930 2019 written by Thomas John Hossie and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-26 with Science categories.
The Influence Of Prey Availability Habitat Attributes And Other Factors On Space Use By Social Carnivores
DOWNLOAD
Author : Andrew Marten Kittle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
The Influence Of Prey Availability Habitat Attributes And Other Factors On Space Use By Social Carnivores written by Andrew Marten Kittle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Early Life History And Recruitment In Fish Populations
DOWNLOAD
Author : R.C. Chambers
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1997-07-31
Early Life History And Recruitment In Fish Populations written by R.C. Chambers and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-07-31 with Science categories.
Many of the processes influencing recruitment to an adult fish population or entry into a fishery occur very early in life. The variations in life histories and behaviours of young fish and the selective processes operating on this variation ultimately determine the identities and abundance of survivors. This important volume brings together contributions from many of the world's leading researchers from the field of fish ecology. The book focuses on three major themes of pressing importance in the analysis of the role that the early life history of fishes plays in the number and quality of recruits: the selective processes at play in their early life history; the contributions of early life history to the understanding of recruitment.
Eco Evolutionary Dynamics
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-08-12
Eco Evolutionary Dynamics written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-12 with Science categories.
The theme of this volume is to discuss Eco-evolutionary Dynamics. Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings Written by leading experts in the field Highlights areas for future investigation
Canadian Journal Of Fisheries And Aquatic Sciences
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Canadian Journal Of Fisheries And Aquatic Sciences written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Fisheries categories.
Social Predation
DOWNLOAD
Author : Guy Beauchamp
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-12-07
Social Predation written by Guy Beauchamp and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-07 with Science categories.
The classic literature on predation dealt almost exclusively with solitary predators and their prey. Going back to Lotka-Volterra and optimal foraging theory, the theory about predation, including predator-prey population dynamics, was developed for solitary species. Various consequences of sociality for predators have been considered only recently. Similarly, while it was long recognized that prey species can benefit from living in groups, research on the adaptive value of sociality for prey species mostly emerged in the 1970s. The main theme of this book is the various ways that predators and prey may benefit from living in groups. The first part focusses on predators and explores how group membership influences predation success rate, from searching to subduing prey. The second part focusses on how prey in groups can detect and escape predators. The final section explores group size and composition and how individuals respond over evolutionary times to the challenges posed by chasing or being chased by animals in groups. This book will help the reader understand current issues in social predation theory and provide a synthesis of the literature across a broad range of animal taxa. Includes the whole taxonomical range rather than limiting it to a select few Features in-depth analysis that allows a better understanding of many subtleties surrounding the issues related to social predation Presents both models and empirical results while covering the extensive predator and prey literature Contains extensive illustrations and separate boxes that cover more technical features, i.e., to present models and review results