Pore Scale Experimental Investigations Of Immiscible Displacements In Capillary Tubes And Porous Micromodels
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Pore Scale Experimental Investigations Of Immiscible Displacements In Capillary Tubes And Porous Micromodels
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Author : Mohammad Heshmati
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Pore Scale Experimental Investigations Of Immiscible Displacements In Capillary Tubes And Porous Micromodels written by Mohammad Heshmati and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Fluid dynamics categories.
Owing to the complicated nature of a porous medium, study of dynamics of fluid flow in such structures is not straightforward. Therefore, researchers have been using simplified one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) porous media models like capillary tubes, micro-models and micro-fluidic devices to perform such studies. We utilized both of these categories to investigate different parameters affecting the flow of fluids in a porous medium. In 1D, capillary tubes of different cross-sectional shapes and several wetting fluids are used to investigate the evolution of dynamic contact angle with the meniscus velocity. The meniscus rise vs. time curves produced by Washburn's equation are improved by implementing our experimentally measured dynamic contact angle values into the Washburn's original equation. A general empirical correlation is presented for variation of normalized rise with dynamic contact angle as well. In the second category, a novel two-phase, two-field-of-view micro-Particle-Image-Velocimetry system is developed. It allows simultaneous study of flow fields at the pore- and micromodel-scales and provides a deeper insight into the distribution of fluids. The effect of change of flow rate on shear stress at the interface of invading and defending fluids in a designed pore-doublet configuration made of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is studied. The impact of local perturbations of velocity fields on displacement of non-wetting phase and the residual trapping is also discussed. We show that these effects produce extensively different distributions of the trapped non-wetting phase globules. A modified 2D X-ray micro-computed tomography image of Bentheimer sandstone is replicated on PDMS. Single-phase velocity measurements in these models afford valuable insights into the complicated flow patterns through a porous medium; whereas in two-phase flow tests, in addition to resolving the velocity fields in both fluids, effects of changes in invading wetting phase flow rate and viscosity on pore fluid configuration and residual trapping is investigated as well. Not only these results provide a valuable understanding of the complexities of flow through porous systems, but also they can be used to validate the numerical models of fluid flow through porous systems.
Experimental Investigation Of Immiscible Flow In Mixed Wet Porous Media Using A Pore Scale Approach
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Author : Ruthut Larpudomlert
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Experimental Investigation Of Immiscible Flow In Mixed Wet Porous Media Using A Pore Scale Approach written by Ruthut Larpudomlert and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Pore Scale Dynamics Of Immiscible Two Phase Flow On Porous And Fractured Media
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Author : Qingqing Gu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Pore Scale Dynamics Of Immiscible Two Phase Flow On Porous And Fractured Media written by Qingqing Gu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Pore-scale investigations of immiscible two-phase flow displacement dynamics in porous media provides crucial information to natural and industrial processes such as nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) contamination of groundwater, carbon dioxide injection and storage, and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) operations. It has the potential to transform our understanding of multiphase flow processes, to improve oil and gas recovery efficiency, and to facilitate safe carbon dioxide storage. However, the modelled porespace geometry is naturally complex for these fields of application. For directly simulating multiphase flow within the complex structure, the most widely-used approach isthe lattice Boltzmann method (LBM).In this thesis, the implementation of the state-of-the-art colour gradient two-phase LBMhas been validated against the theoretical solution for capillary filling, and analytical solutions for relative permeabilities in a cocurrent flow in a 2D channel. Then it is employed to investigate the effects of interfacial tension, wettability, and the viscosity ratio on displacement of one fluid by another immiscible fluid in a two-dimensional(2D) Berea sandstone.
Measurement And Pore Scale Modeling Of Capillary Pressure Hysteresis In Strongly Water Wet Sandstones
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Author : Behrooz Raeesi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Measurement And Pore Scale Modeling Of Capillary Pressure Hysteresis In Strongly Water Wet Sandstones written by Behrooz Raeesi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Hysteresis categories.
Capillary pressure and contact angle hysteresis in porous media are important yet not fully understood phenomena. A fundamental problem in interpretation of the capillary properties of porous media is the effect of the interaction of wetting properties and pore geometry on interface curvature. Contact angles provide a fundamental measure of wetting. However, circumstances under which reproducible and unambiguous values of contact angle are observed are limited to special circumstances. Contact angles commonly exhibit hysteresis between advancing and receding conditions. The origin of the contact angle hysteresis may be related to either chemical or geometric phenomena or a combination of both. Small scale geometric features, such as surface roughness, can have a dominant effect on the effective contact angles at the three phase lines of contact boundaries that are essential to the existence of interfaces and determine their curvature. Hysteresis in drainage and imbibition observed for spreading conditions, when the contact angle is zero and there is no hysteresis in contact angle, is accentuated by the pore geometry and the non-uniform structure of the pore space. In the first part of this thesis, the effect of roughness on the effective contact angle is studied by applying the MS-P (Mayer, Stowe, Princen) method of computing interface curvatures, for the first time, to geometric models of surface roughness that include small scale periodic variation and retained fluid in grooves along the walls of tubes of constant cross section. The theoretical results are shown to be consistent with experimental results on the wetting behavior of combinations of roughened polymeric tubes and pure liquids that give a range of well-defined intrinsic contact angles (contact angles measured at smooth polymeric surfaces or deposited monolayers for pure liquids, usually against air). Most of the investigation reported in this thesis concerns hysteresis in porous media when the contact is zero for advancing and receding conditions. There have been numerous efforts to model hysteresis under this relatively simplified condition. Most of the published hysteresis data is for bead packs. There is a paucity of detailed experimental capillary pressure data for consolidated porous materials, such as porous sandstone and carbonate rocks. In this work, an improved porous plate method was developed to obtain accurate and relatively fast measurement of two-phase capillary pressure-saturation relationships including hysteresis cycles and scanning curves. Extensive sets of capillary pressure data and corresponding equilibration outflow diagrams for various rock and fluid systems including air-brine, mineral oil-brine and crude oil-brine in sandstones are presented and discussed. In order to understand the effects of the pore structure and displacement mechanisms on capillary hysteresis and trapping, a geologically realistic pore network model representing the pore structure of Berea sandstone was adapted and systematically modified to investigate effects of various pore network characteristics. These include pore size distribution, pore-to-pore and pore-to-throat correlations and coordination number, on the shape of capillary pressure curves and the magnitude of capillary pressure hysteresis and non-wetting phase trapping. Using the knowledge from the analysis, the network was then tuned to reproduce capillary pressure hysteresis experimental data for Bentheim sandstone. In order to simultaneously match the hysteresis trends and the residual NWP saturation, a snap-off criterion was introduced to the model based on the theoretical length/diameter ratio at which a cylindrical liquid bubble becomes unstable. The non-wetting phase residual saturation was matched by adjustment of the throat lengths and without further adjustments, the scanning hysteresis cycles at various initial saturations were closely predicted by the model. It is also shown that the predicted distribution of residual nonwetting phase is in close agreement with the reported experimental data for sandstone obtained by 3D micro-CT imaging and other methods of obtaining blob size distribution. The capabilities of the network model are extended to compute fluid-fluid and solid-fluid surface areas as a function of saturation. Comparison of work of displacement from the modeled capillary pressure data with changes in free surface energy from the model are used, for the first time, to calculate the efficiency of conversion of work to surface area and vice versa.
Pore Scale Experimental Investigations Of Viscoelastic Fluids For Enhanced Oil Recovery
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Author : Haolin Qu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Pore Scale Experimental Investigations Of Viscoelastic Fluids For Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Haolin Qu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Enhanced oil recovery categories.
Viscoelastic fluids have recently received a significant amount of attention as potentially effective enhanced oil recovery (EOR) agents because of their viscoelastic properties in the pore space. However, the fundamental mechanisms by which they mobilize oil in porous media are still unclear. The objective of this work is to compare the efficacy of various viscoelastic fluids in enhancing oil recovery and improve the understanding of the displacement mechanisms governing oil recovery and pore-scale experimental approaches. First, the oil recovery efficiencies of viscoelastic surfactant (VES) solutions with different viscoelasticity in water-wet carbonate core samples were compared, confirming the key factors affecting the high recovery of the VES flooding are low interfacial tension (IFT), higher viscosity, and viscoelasticity. Viscoelasticity contributed to the oil recovery through the pulling effect and fragmenting of large oil globs into small ones. However, VES showed poor thermal stability and a significant reduction in viscosity and viscoelasticity at elevated temperatures. To overcome these limitations and expand the applications of VES, the impact of SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on the performance of VES flooding was investigated. The results suggest that the viscosity and viscoelasticity of the VES solution and the oil recovery were significantly improved by the addition of SiO2 NPs. In addition, oil clusters with non-spherical shapes were observed during NP-assisted viscoelastic surfactant (NVES) flooding because of high viscosity, viscoelasticity of the heavy oil and NVES solution, and NP jamming effect. Besides improving the viscoelastic properties of VES solutions, the potential use of NPs for in-situ upgrading of heavy oil and their effect on polymer flooding was also studied. The results indicated that the sequence of heavy oil upgrading in oil-saturated pore elements was governed by the relative magnitude of entry capillary pressure and followed a pore-size-based sequence, small pores first and large pores later. The addition of NPs boosted the oil recovery by polymer flooding with predominant contributions from the small pores under the capillary-dominated flow regime, and large pores for the viscous-dominated flow. Finally, under the oil-wet condition, the displacement mechanisms of polymer and surfactant-polymer (SP) flooding were also investigated. The results illustrate that the viscoelasticity contributed to the oil recovery by pulling the oil from dead ends and peeling oil from pore surfaces. Compared to polymer flooding, the displacement and sweep efficiencies were further enhanced by the SP flooding because of the reduced capillary forces due to the low IFT value, and the Jamin effect caused by the formation of an emulsion. The findings of this work provide new and unique pore-scale insights into the displacement mechanisms and efficiencies of different viscoelastic fluids, which can facilitate the design and optimization of chemical agents and formulations for enhancing the oil recovery from both light and heavy oil reservoirs.
Experimental Investigation Of Pore Scale Velocity Within Micro Porous Media
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Author : Debjyoti Sen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Experimental Investigation Of Pore Scale Velocity Within Micro Porous Media written by Debjyoti Sen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Fluid dynamics categories.
Miscible Displacement
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Author : Fred I. Stalkup
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Miscible Displacement written by Fred I. Stalkup and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Lattice Gas Methods For Partial Differential Equations
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Author : Gary Doolen
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-03-01
Lattice Gas Methods For Partial Differential Equations written by Gary Doolen and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-01 with Mathematics categories.
Although the idea of using discrete methods for modeling partial differential equations occurred very early, the actual statement that cellular automata techniques can approximate the solutions of hydrodynamic partial differential equations was first discovered by Frisch, Hasslacher, and Pomeau. Their description of the derivation, which assumes the validity of the Boltzmann equation, appeared in the Physical Review Letters in April 1986. It is the intent of this book to provide some overview of the directions that lattice gas research has taken from 1986 to early 1989.
Core Analysis
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Author : Colin McPhee
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2015-12-10
Core Analysis written by Colin McPhee and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Core Analysis: A Best Practice Guide is a practical guide to the design of core analysis programs. Written to address the need for an updated set of recommended practices covering special core analysis and geomechanics tests, the book also provides unique insights into data quality control diagnosis and data utilization in reservoir models. The book's best practices and procedures benefit petrophysicists, geoscientists, reservoir engineers, and production engineers, who will find useful information on core data in reservoir static and dynamic models. It provides a solid understanding of the core analysis procedures and methods used by commercial laboratories, the details of lab data reporting required to create quality control tests, and the diagnostic plots and protocols that can be used to identify suspect or erroneous data. Provides a practical overview of core analysis, from coring at the well site to laboratory data acquisition and interpretation Defines current best practice in core analysis preparation and test procedures, and the diagnostic tools used to quality control core data Provides essential information on design of core analysis programs and to judge the quality and reliability of core analysis data ultimately used in reservoir evaluation Of specific interest to those working in core analysis, porosity, relative permeability, and geomechanics
Transverse Dispersion In Liquid Flow Through Porous Media
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Author : Eugene Sidney Simpson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1962
Transverse Dispersion In Liquid Flow Through Porous Media written by Eugene Sidney Simpson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1962 with Diffusion in hydrology categories.