Postfire Treatment Effectiveness For Hillslope Stabilization
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Post Fire Treatment Effectiveness For Hillslope Stabilization
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Author : Peter R. Robichaud
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Post Fire Treatment Effectiveness For Hillslope Stabilization written by Peter R. Robichaud and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Forest fires categories.
This synthesis of post-fire treatment effectiveness reviews the past decade of research, monitoring, and product development related to post-fire hillslope emergency stabilization treatments, including erosion barriers, mulching, chemical soil treatments, and combinations of these treatments. In the past ten years, erosion barrier treatments (contour-felled logs and straw wattles) have declined in use and are now rarely applied as a post-fire hillslope treatment. In contrast, dry mulch treatments (agricultural straw, wood strands, wood shreds, etc.) have quickly gained acceptance as effective, though somewhat expensive, post-fire hillslope stabilization treatments and are frequently recommended when values-at-risk warrant protection. This change has been motivated by research that shows the proportion of exposed mineral soil (or conversely, the proportion of ground cover) to be the primary treatment factor controlling post-fire hillslope erosion. Erosion barrier treatments provide little ground cover and have been shown to be less effective than mulch, especially during short-duration, high intensity rainfall events. In addition, innovative options for producing and applying mulch materials have adapted these materials for use on large burned areas that are inaccessible by road. Although longer-term studies on mulch treatment effectiveness are on-going, early results and short-term studies have shown that dry mulches can be highly effective in reducing post-fire runoff and erosion. Hydromulches have been used after some fires, but they have been less effective than dry mulches in stabilizing burned hillslopes and generally decompose or degrade within a year.
Post Fire Treatment Effectiveness For Hillslope Stabilization
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Author : Peter R. Robichaud
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Post Fire Treatment Effectiveness For Hillslope Stabilization written by Peter R. Robichaud and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Forest fires categories.
This synthesis of post-fire treatment effectiveness reviews the past decade of research, monitoring, and product development related to post-fire hillslope emergency stabilization treatments, including erosion barriers, mulching, chemical soil treatments, and combinations of these treatments. In the past ten years, erosion barrier treatments (contour-felled logs and straw wattles) have declined in use and are now rarely applied as a post-fire hillslope treatment. In contrast, dry mulch treatments (agricultural straw, wood strands, wood shreds, etc.) have quickly gained acceptance as effective, though somewhat expensive, post-fire hillslope stabilization treatments and are frequently recommended when values-at-risk warrant protection. This change has been motivated by research that shows the proportion of exposed mineral soil (or conversely, the proportion of ground cover) to be the primary treatment factor controlling post-fire hillslope erosion. Erosion barrier treatments provide little ground cover and have been shown to be less effective than mulch, especially during short-duration, high intensity rainfall events. In addition, innovative options for producing and applying mulch materials have adapted these materials for use on large burned areas that are inaccessible by road. Although longer-term studies on mulch treatment effectiveness are on-going, early results and short-term studies have shown that dry mulches can be highly effective in reducing post-fire runoff and erosion. Hydromulches have been used after some fires, but they have been less effective than dry mulches in stabilizing burned hillslopes and generally decompose or degrade within a year.
Postfire Treatment Effectiveness For Hillslope Stabilization
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date :
Postfire Treatment Effectiveness For Hillslope Stabilization written by and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Post Fire Treatment Effectiveness For Hillslope Stabilization
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Author : United States Department of Agriculture
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2015-02-13
Post Fire Treatment Effectiveness For Hillslope Stabilization written by United States Department of Agriculture and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-13 with categories.
This report is a synthesis of post-fire emergency hillslope stabilization treatment effectiveness information that was written to provide guidance for future post-fire treatment selection and use. It builds on an earlier synthesis, Evaluating the Effectiveness of Postfire Rehabilitation Treatments (Robichaud and others 2000) (fig. 1). Since that publication, the effectiveness of emergency postfire hillslope treatments have been evaluated in several scientific studies and treatment monitoring reports prepared by Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER) and Emergency Stabilization and Rehabilitation (ESR) teams. In addition, our knowledge of how environmental factors impact treatment effectiveness and the development of new post-fire hillslope treatment products and application techniques has grown. The objective of this document is to synthesize that new information in a format that is easily accessible by post-fire assessment teams and land managers.
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Postfire Rehabilitation Treatments
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Author : Peter R. Robichaud
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Postfire Rehabilitation Treatments written by Peter R. Robichaud and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Fire management categories.
Spending on postfire emergency watershed rehabilitation has increased during the past decade. A west-wide evaluation of USDA Forest Service burned area emergency rehabilitation (BAER) treatment effectiveness was undertaken as a joint project by USDA Forest Service Research and National Forest System staffs. This evaluation covers 470 fires and 321 BAER projects, from 1973 through 1998 in USDA Forest Service Regions 1 through 6. A literature review, interviews with key Regional and Forest BAER specialists, analysis of burned area reports, and review of Forest and District monitoring reports were used in the evaluation. The study found that spending on rehabilitation has increased to over $48 million during the past decade because the perceived threat of debris flows and floods has increased where fires are closer to the wildland-urban interface. Existing literature on treatment effectiveness is limited, thus making treatment comparisons difficult. The amount of protection provided by any treatment is small. Of the available treatments, contour-felled logs show promise as an effective hillslope treatment because they provide some immediate watershed protection, especially during the first postfire year. Seeding has a low probability of reducing the first season erosion because most of the benefits of the seeded grass occurs after the initial damaging runoff events. To reduce road failures, treatments such as properly spaced rolling dips, water bars, and culvert reliefs can move water past the road prism. Channel treatments such as straw bale check dams should be used sparingly because onsite erosion control is more effective than offsite sediment storage in channels in reducing sedimentation from burned watersheds. From this review, we recommend increased treatment effectiveness monitoring at the hillslope and sub-catchment scale, streamlined postfire data collection needs, increased training on evaluation postfire watershed conditions, and development of an easily accessible knowledge base of BAER techniques.
Pines And Their Mixed Forest Ecosystems In The Mediterranean Basin
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Author : Gidi Ne'eman
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-10-12
Pines And Their Mixed Forest Ecosystems In The Mediterranean Basin written by Gidi Ne'eman and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-12 with Science categories.
Almost 20 years after the first MEDPINE book "Ecology, biogeography and management of Pinus halepensis and P. brutia forest ecosystems in the Mediterranean basin "(Ne'eman and Trabaud, 2000) was published, this new book presents up-to-date and state of the art information, covering a wide range of topics concerning Mediterranean pine trees growing in native and planted forests, their ecosystems and management. This will be an essential source of scientific information for learning, exploring planning and managing mediterranean pine and mixed forests. We focus on: genetics, adaptation, distribution and evolution; ecophysiology and drought resistance; pine and mixed forest ecosystems; forest dynamics biodiversity and biotic interactions; fire ecology; ecosystem services and policy; afforestation and management; all under the effect of global climate change. While forests are studied mainly in temperate and tropical zones, in the light of current climate change, focusing on Mediterranean forests growing in semi-humid to semi-arid zones is more important than ever. This book will include mostly review chapters (and two outstanding case studies) contributed by leading scientists, foresters and managers, and will serve as a scientific textbook for students of biology, agriculture and forestry, researchers of ecology forestry and related fields, forest managers, policy and decision makers.
Protection From Erosion Following Wildfire
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Author : Peter R. Robichaud
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Protection From Erosion Following Wildfire written by Peter R. Robichaud and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Erosion in the first year after a wildfire can be up to three orders of magnitude greater than the erosion from undisturbed forests. To mitigate potential postfire erosion, various erosion control treatments are applied on highly erodible areas with downstream resources in need of protection. Because postfire erosion rates generally decline by an order of magnitude for each year of recovery, effective erosion mitigation treatments are most needed during the first year or two after a fire. Postfire treatments include broadcast seeding, scarification and trenching, physical erosion barriers such as contour-felled logs and straw wattles, and mulching with wheat straw, wood straw, and hydromulch. This paper summarizes data from more than seven years of studies to evaluate the effectiveness of postfire erosion mitigation treatments at the hillslope and small watershed-scale in the western U.S. Results suggest that some mitigation treatments may help reduce erosion for some, but not all, rainfall events. Generally, mulching is more effective than seeding, scarifying, or erosion barriers. For small rainfall events, reduction in first year erosion rates have been measured for engineered wood straw and straw mulch (60 to 80%), contour-felled log erosion barriers (50 to 70%), and hydromulch (19%). Grass seeding treatments have little effect on first year erosion reduction. For intense rain events (I[sub]10 greater than 40 mm h-1) there was little difference between treated and non-treated areas.
Impact Of Farmland Abandonment On Water Resources And Soil Conservation
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Author : Noemí Lana-Renault
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2020-12-29
Impact Of Farmland Abandonment On Water Resources And Soil Conservation written by Noemí Lana-Renault and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-29 with Science categories.
Farmland abandonment is one of the major land use changes occurring in many rural territories, especially in mountainous regions. Without intervention (passive land management), farmland abandonment leads to an expansion of shrubs and forest on formerly cultivated hillslopes and grazing areas. All these land use changes affect the hydrological and geomorphological dynamics of slopes and channels, having important implications for water resources and soil conservation. However, the heterogeneity of abandoned scenarios complicates the assessment of farmland abandonment on water resources and soil conservation. In this Special Issue, we will publish papers that examine the hydrological and geomorphological consequences of farmland abandonment in one (or several) of these abandoned scenarios. Our final purpose is to help water and land managers to select the most sustainable strategy (in terms of water resources and soil conservation) for the land management of marginal rural areas.
Open Channel Hydraulics River Hydraulic Structures And Fluvial Geomorphology
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Author : Artur Radecki-Pawlik
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-09-07
Open Channel Hydraulics River Hydraulic Structures And Fluvial Geomorphology written by Artur Radecki-Pawlik and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-07 with Science categories.
This book presents practical hydraulic and river engineering research along with fluvial geomorphological concepts, and links the theoretical and practical knowledge of people working every day with rivers, streams, and hydraulic structures to fluvial geomorphology. Besides providing a guide for professionals, this book also provides material for students to acquire the knowledge and skills to rehabilitate rivers, streams, and waterways.
Elgar Encyclopedia Of Water Policy Economics And Management
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Author : Phoebe Koundouri
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2024-01-18
Elgar Encyclopedia Of Water Policy Economics And Management written by Phoebe Koundouri and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-18 with Business & Economics categories.
This authoritative Encyclopedia provides an innovative approach to theory, reviews, applications and examples relevant to the basic concepts of water science and water management issues in order to facilitate better interdisciplinary cooperation.
