Predicting Crop Phenology
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Predicting Crop Phenology
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Author : Tom Hodges
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1990-12-26
Predicting Crop Phenology written by Tom Hodges and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-12-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Predicting Crop Phenology focuses on an analysis of the issues faced in predicting the phenology of crop plants and weeds. It discusses how these issues have been handled by active crop growth simulation model developers and emphasizes areas such as the role of modeling in agricultural research and the roles of temperature, length of day, and water stress in plant growth. This comprehensive text also discusses modeling philosophy and programming techniques in modeling crop development and growth. It presents up-to-date information on phenology models for wheat, maize, sorghum, rice, cotton, and several weed species. Predicting Crop Phenology reviews important data for agricultural engineers, plant physiologists, agricultural consultants, researchers, extension agents, model developers, agricultural science instructors and students.
Forecasting Crop Phenology And Production From Meteorological Parameters Using Simulation Modeling
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Author : Netij Ben Mechlia
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Forecasting Crop Phenology And Production From Meteorological Parameters Using Simulation Modeling written by Netij Ben Mechlia and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with categories.
Predicting Crop Phenological Stages For A Greenhouse Scheduling System
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Author : Gregory A. Kiker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Predicting Crop Phenological Stages For A Greenhouse Scheduling System written by Gregory A. Kiker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Greenhouse management categories.
Applications Of Remote Sensing In Agriculture
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Author : M. D. Steven
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Applications Of Remote Sensing In Agriculture written by M. D. Steven and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Applications of Remote Sensing in Agriculture contains the proceedings of the 48th Easter School in Agricultural Science, held at the University of Nottingham on April 3-7, 1989. The meeting invites 146 delegates from over 22 countries and contributions to this book come from nine countries. This book generally presents a review of the achievements of remote sensing in agriculture, establishes the state of the art, and gives pointers to developments. This text is organized into seven parts, wherein Parts I-III cover the principles of remote sensing, climate, soil, land classification, and crop inventories. Productivity; stress; techniques for agricultural applications; and opportunities, progress, and prospects in the field of remote sensing in agriculture are also discussed.
Optimizing Rice Crop Models By Integrating Field Based Data On Phenology And Agroclimatology
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Author : Hussain Sharifi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Optimizing Rice Crop Models By Integrating Field Based Data On Phenology And Agroclimatology written by Hussain Sharifi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) is a major staple food for nearly half of the world's population. Rice is cultivated under diverse environments, from tropics to temperate regions, at latitude ranging from 35S to 53N. However, the recent and ongoing global warming poses a great risk to rice production. Dynamic crop growth models are frequently used to study the response of crops to variation in environmental conditions, including climate change. Crop phenology affects simulated crop yield; thus, accurate modeling of development rates is critical, since these models estimate dry matter production based on the developmental rates during a given period. Developmental rates affect yields in different ways. For example, rice generally develops faster under higher temperatures, which may reduce growth and lead to a lower yield potential. On the other hand, using a shorter duration crop may help avoid pest damage, escape drought, or optimize the cropping system. In the first chapter of this dissertation, we evaluated different optimization approaches in the Oryza2000 and CERES-Rice phenology sub-models to assess the importance of optimizing cardinal temperatures for model performance and systematic error (correlation between temperature and phenology prediction error). We used two optimization approaches -- single-stage (planting to heading) and three-stage (planting to panicle initiation (PI); PI to heading (HD); and HD to physiological maturity (MT)) -- for all model parameters. Our results indicate that three-stage optimization increased model accuracy, especially for maturity stage. We also show that optimization to minimize systematic error reduced bias when RMSE was constrained. However, relatively small systematic error was found for all phenological stages compared to previous studies. Finally, our results demonstrated that cardinal temperature optimization had no effect on systematic error reductionIn the second chapter of this dissertation, we developed a simple thermal time model to determine if optimal temperature parameter values differ among developmental stages in rice, and to quantify the effect of using stage-dependent temperature parameters on model performance and systematic error relative to using a constant optimized temperature parameters across all stages. Our results indicate that temperature dependence in rice phenology changes with development-stage. Furthermore, we show that rice is most responsive to temperature between planting to panicle initiation and optimum temperature threshold increases with plant development. Therefore, optimizing cardinal temperature parameters for each stage improves phenology model accuracy; stage-dependent temperature parameters reduced bias in phenology models. In the final chapter of this dissertation, we compared the use of water (T[subscript w]) and air (T[subscript a]) temperatures in a rice phenology model. Specifically, we evaluate whether T[subscript w] has the stronger influence on development rate when the growing point is under water, while T[subscript a] is more important when the growing point is above the water. We found that T[subscript w] and T[subscript a] influence rice development but at different times. During the first part of the season when the growing apex is under water T[subscript w] determines developmental rates, while later in the season it is T[subscript a]. Incorporating both T[subscript w] and T[subscript a] into crop development models increased the prediction accuracy. Our study demonstrates that it was maximum temperature differences between T[subscript w] and T[subscript a] that affected thermal time accumulation and consequently developmental rates.
Understanding Options For Agricultural Production
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Author : G.Y. Tsuji
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-14
Understanding Options For Agricultural Production written by G.Y. Tsuji and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Science categories.
The first premise of this book is that farmers need access to options for improving their situation. In agricultural terms, these options might be manage ment alternatives or different crops to grow, that can stabilize or increase household income, that reduce soil degradation and dependence on off-farm inputs, or that exploit local market opportunities. Farmers need a facilitating environment, in which affordable credit is available if needed, in which policies are conducive to judicious management of natural resources, and in which costs and prices of production are stable. Another key ingredient of this facilitating environment is information: an understanding of which options are viable, how these operate at the farm level, and what their impact may be on the things that farmers perceive as being important. The second premise is that systems analysis and simulation have an impor tant role to play in fostering this understanding of options, traditional field experimentation being time-consuming and costly. This book summarizes the activities of the International Benchmark Sites Network for Agrotechnology Transfer (IBSNAT) project, an international initiative funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). IBSNAT was an attempt to demonstrate the effectiveness of understanding options through systems analysis and simulation for the ultimate benefit of farm households in the tropics and subtropics. The idea for the book was first suggested at one of the last IBSNAT group meetings held at the University of Hawaii in 1993.
Phenology And Seasonality Modeling
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Author : H. Lieth
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Phenology And Seasonality Modeling written by H. Lieth and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.
The pulse of life with the seasons is a classic theme of biology, equally cap turing every man's curiosity about early and late milestones of every year's cycle and the critical physiologist's inquiry into life's subtle signals and responses. Natural historians of ancient and renaissance time as well as today have charted the commonsense facts behind inspired traditions of poetry and practical rules for growing food and fiber. This volume brings together several ways of organizing the basic principles of phenology. These find order in the otherwise overwhelming mass of detail that captures our fleeting attention, like the daily newspaper, and then tends to fade into the overstuffed archives of history. Is this order so obvious and understandable that there is no longer any scien tific challenge to "phenology" as a tradition? Or does apparent simplicity mask a complex and ultimately baffling obstacle to the understanding of seasonality in even those few indicator plants and animals we know best, not to men tion the less known species or races making up the rest of each major land scape unit or ecosystem? Denying both these hasty opinions, we think that this volume well illustrates a range of questions and answers-from soundly established (but not trivial) doctrine to exciting inquiry about how ecosystems are organized.
Photoperiodism In Plants
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Author : Brian Thomas
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1996-10-17
Photoperiodism In Plants written by Brian Thomas and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-10-17 with Science categories.
Photoperiodism is the response to the length of the day that enables living organisms to adapt to seasonal changes in their environment as well as latitudinal variation. As such, it is one of the most significant andcomplex aspects of the interaction between plants and their environment and is a major factor controlling their growth and development. As the new and powerful technologies of molecular genetics are brought to bear on photoperiodism, it becomes particularly important to place new work in the context of the considerable amount of physiological information which already exists on the subject. This innovative book will be of interest to a wide range of plant scientists, from those interested in fundamental plant physiology and molecular biology to agronomists and crop physiologists. Provides a self-sufficient account of all the important subjects and key literature references for photoperiodism Includes research of the last twenty years since the publication of the First Edition Includes details of molecular genetic techniques brought to bear on photoperiodism
Agroclimatology
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Author : Jerry L. Hatfield
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-01-22
Agroclimatology written by Jerry L. Hatfield and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Can we unlock resilience to climate stress by better understanding linkages between the environment and biological systems? Agroclimatology allows us to explore how different processes determine plant response to climate and how climate drives the distribution of crops and their productivity. Editors Jerry L. Hatfield, Mannava V.K. Sivakumar, and John H. Prueger have taken a comprehensive view of agroclimatology to assist and challenge researchers in this important area of study. Major themes include: principles of energy exchange and climatology, understanding climate change and agriculture, linkages of specific biological systems to climatology, the context of pests and diseases, methods of agroclimatology, and the application of agroclimatic principles to problem-solving in agriculture.
Phenology And Thermal Environment As A Means For A Physiological Classification Of Wheat Varieties And For Predicting Maturity Dates Of Wheat
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Author : Michael Y. Nuttonson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1953
Phenology And Thermal Environment As A Means For A Physiological Classification Of Wheat Varieties And For Predicting Maturity Dates Of Wheat written by Michael Y. Nuttonson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1953 with Phenology categories.