Preliminary Development And Flight Trials Of A Cruise Altitude And Speed Optimization Decision Support Tool
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Preliminary Development And Flight Trials Of A Cruise Altitude And Speed Optimization Decision Support Tool
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Author : Clement Li
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Preliminary Development And Flight Trials Of A Cruise Altitude And Speed Optimization Decision Support Tool written by Clement Li and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
A cruise altitude and speed optimization decision support tool, based on the concept of a minimum cost altitude tunnel, was developed to aid flight crew and dispatcher situational awareness and decision-making in vertical trajectory planning in order to reduce fuel and time costs. As the optimal altitude for an aircraft changes with speed, weight, outside air temperature, and winds, flight crew decision-making can benefit from the calculation and display of the relative flight costs of possible trajectories. The concept of a minimum cost tunnel is introduced, and the decision support tool is presented. Four preliminary flight trials were conducted with a Boeing 777-200 and prototype decision support tool. The preliminary flight trials suggest that the decision support tool is useful and improves situational awareness and coordination between dispatcher and flight crew. The initial flight trials also indicated that flight crews would benefit from higher quality turbulence information, including synchronization of the turbulence information available to flight crews and dispatchers. The largest fuel savings observed for a flight from the preliminary flight trials was over 3800 lbs. Additionally, the flight trials suggest that the minimum cost tunnel would even be useful as a static image included as part of the flight plan to provide situational awareness and facilitate coordination with dispatchers.
Full Efficiency Benefits And Implementation Considerations For Cruise Altitude And Speed Optimization In The National Airspace System
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Author : Luke L. Jensen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Full Efficiency Benefits And Implementation Considerations For Cruise Altitude And Speed Optimization In The National Airspace System written by Luke L. Jensen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
This study examines the potential fuel burn benefits of altitude and speed optimization in the cruise phase of flight for domestic airlines in the United States. Airlines can achieve cost reductions and reduce environmental impact by making small modifications to the cruise phase operating condition. With strong coordination between air traffic controllers, pilots, and airline dispatchers, the efficiency of the National Airspace System can be improved. This study builds off of prior work in this area to establish best-case benefits assuming full implementation of fuel-optimal cruise altitudes and speeds. In order to achieve these objectives, a cruise-phase fuel burn estimator is developed using publicly-available radar tracks and weather data. This estimator is used to examine over 200,000 flights from 2012 for optimization potential. Maximum benefits from altitude optimization (holding speed constant) are found to be on the order 1.96% cruise fuel reduction. The incremental benefit of highfidelity trajectory optimization relative to well-designed step climb profiles indicates that the majority of potential altitude benefits can be achieved through efficient application of today's airspace structure and procedures. The maximum benefits for speed optimization (holding altitude constant) are found to be 1.94% with an average flight time increase of 3.5 minutes per flight. Simultaneous altitude and speed optimization yield a potential cruise fuel burn reduction of 3.71%. In practice, operational considerations and barriers to implementation limit likely system fuel reduction to lower levels. High-benefit operations within the NAS are identified and potential implementation considerations are discussed.
Estimation Of Potential Aircraft Fuel Burn Reduction In Cruise Via Speed And Altitude Optimization Strategies
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Author : Jonathan Anders Lovegren
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Estimation Of Potential Aircraft Fuel Burn Reduction In Cruise Via Speed And Altitude Optimization Strategies written by Jonathan Anders Lovegren and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Environmental performance has become a dominant theme in all transportation sectors. As scientific evidence for global climate change mounts, social and political pressure to reduce fuel burn and C0 2 emissions has increased accordingly, especially in the rapidly growing aviation industry. Operational improvements offer the ability to increase the performance of any aircraft immediately, by simply changing how the aircraft is flown. Cruise phase represents the largest portion of flight, and correspondingly the largest opportunity for fuel burn reduction. This research focuses on the potential efficiency benefits that can be achieved by improving the cruise speed and altitude profiles operated by flights today. Speed and altitude are closely linked with aircraft performance, so optimizing these profiles offers significant fuel burn savings. Unlike lateral route optimization, which simply attempts to minimize the distance flown, speed and altitude changes promise to increase the efficiency of aircraft throughout the entire flight. Flight data was collected for 257 flights during one day of domestic US operations. A process was developed to calculate the cruise fuel burn of each selected flight, based on aircraft performance data obtained from Piano-X and atmospheric data from. NOAA. Improved speed and altitude profiles were then generated for each flight, representing various levels of optimization. Optimal cruise climbs and step climbs of 1,000 and 2,000 ft were analyzed, along with optimal and LRC speed profiles. Results showed that a maximum fuel burn reduction of 3.5% is possible in cruise given complete altitude and speed optimization; this represents 2.6% fuel reduction system-wide, corresponding to 300 billion gallons of jet fuel and 3.2 million tons of CO2 saved annually. Flights showed a larger potential to improve speed performance, with nearly 2.4% savings possible from speed optimization compared to 1.5% for altitude optimization. Few barriers exist to some of the strategies such as step climbs and lower speeds, making them attractive in the near term. As barriers are minimized, speed and altitude trajectory enhancements promise to improve the environmental performance of the aviation industry with relative ease.
Nasa Sp
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Nasa Sp written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Aeronautics categories.
Flight Stability And Automatic Control
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Author : Robert C. Nelson
language : en
Publisher: WCB/McGraw-Hill
Release Date : 1998
Flight Stability And Automatic Control written by Robert C. Nelson and has been published by WCB/McGraw-Hill this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Aerodynamique / Aeronautique / Aerospatial / Automatique / Avion / Commande / Conception / Controle / Navigation / Stabilite categories.
The second edition of Flight Stability and Automatic Control presents an organized introduction to the useful and relevant topics necessary for a flight stability and controls course. Not only is this text presented at the appropriate mathematical level, it also features standard terminology and nomenclature, along with expanded coverage of classical control theory, autopilot designs, and modern control theory. Through the use of extensive examples, problems, and historical notes, author Robert Nelson develops a concise and vital text for aircraft flight stability and control or flight dynamics courses.
Flight Test System Identification
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Author : Roger Larsson
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2019-05-15
Flight Test System Identification written by Roger Larsson and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-15 with Science categories.
With the demand for more advanced fighter aircraft, relying on unstable flight mechanical characteristics to gain flight performance, more focus has been put on model-based system engineering to help with the design work. The flight control system design is one important part that relies on this modeling. Therefore, it has become more important to develop flight mechanical models that are highly accurate in the whole flight envelope. For today’s modern fighter aircraft, the basic flight mechanical characteristics change between linear and nonlinear as well as stable and unstable as an effect of the desired capability of advanced maneuvering at subsonic, transonic and supersonic speeds. This thesis combines the subject of system identification, which is the art of building mathematical models of dynamical systems based on measurements, with aeronautical engineering in order to find methods for identifying flight mechanical characteristics. Here, some challenging aeronautical identification problems, estimating model parameters from flight-testing, are treated. Two aspects are considered. The first is online identification during flight-testing with the intent to aid the engineers in the analysis process when looking at the flight mechanical characteristics. This will also ensure that enough information is available in the resulting test data for post-flight analysis. Here, a frequency domain method is used. An existing method has been developed further by including an Instrumental Variable approach to take care of noisy data including atmospheric turbulence and by a sensor-fusion step to handle varying excitation during an experiment. The method treats linear systems that can be both stable and unstable working under feedback control. An experiment has been performed on a radio-controlled demonstrator aircraft. For this, multisine input signals have been designed and the results show that it is possible to perform more time-efficient flight-testing compared with standard input signals. The other aspect is post-flight identification of nonlinear characteristics. Here the properties of a parameterized observer approach, using a prediction-error method, are investigated. This approach is compared with four other methods for some test cases. It is shown that this parameterized observer approach is the most robust one with respect to noise disturbances and initial offsets. Another attractive property is that no user parameters have to be tuned by the engineers in order to get the best performance. All methods in this thesis have been validated on simulated data where the system is known, and have also been tested on real flight test data. Both of the investigated approaches show promising results.
Aeronautical Engineering
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Aeronautical Engineering written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Aeronautics categories.
Introduction To Aircraft Flight Mechanics
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Author : Thomas R. Yechout
language : en
Publisher: AIAA
Release Date : 2003
Introduction To Aircraft Flight Mechanics written by Thomas R. Yechout and has been published by AIAA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Aerodynamics categories.
Based on a 15-year successful approach to teaching aircraft flight mechanics at the US Air Force Academy, this text explains the concepts and derivations of equations for aircraft flight mechanics. It covers aircraft performance, static stability, aircraft dynamics stability and feedback control.
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Aeronautics categories.
Fundamentals Of Airplane Flight Mechanics
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Author : David G. Hull
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-01-20
Fundamentals Of Airplane Flight Mechanics written by David G. Hull and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Flight mechanics is the application of Newton's laws to the study of vehicle trajectories (performance), stability, and aerodynamic control. This volume details the derivation of analytical solutions of airplane flight mechanics problems associated with flight in a vertical plane. It covers trajectory analysis, stability, and control. In addition, the volume presents algorithms for calculating lift, drag, pitching moment, and stability derivatives. Throughout, a subsonic business jet is used as an example for the calculations presented in the book.