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Principios De Qu Mica Org Nica

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The Age Of Intoxication

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Author : Benjamin Breen
language : en
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Release Date : 2019-12-20

The Age Of Intoxication written by Benjamin Breen and has been published by University of Pennsylvania Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-20 with History categories.

Eating the flesh of an Egyptian mummy prevents the plague. Distilled poppies reduce melancholy. A Turkish drink called coffee increases alertness. Tobacco cures cancer. Such beliefs circulated in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, an era when the term "drug" encompassed everything from herbs and spices—like nutmeg, cinnamon, and chamomile—to such deadly poisons as lead, mercury, and arsenic. In The Age of Intoxication, Benjamin Breen offers a window into a time when drugs were not yet separated into categories—illicit and licit, recreational and medicinal, modern and traditional—and there was no barrier between the drug dealer and the pharmacist. Focusing on the Portuguese colonies in Brazil and Angola and on the imperial capital of Lisbon, Breen examines the process by which novel drugs were located, commodified, and consumed. He then turns his attention to the British Empire, arguing that it owed much of its success in this period to its usurpation of the Portuguese drug networks. From the sickly sweet tobacco that helped finance the Atlantic slave trade to the cannabis that an East Indies merchant sold to the natural philosopher Robert Hooke in one of the earliest European coffeehouses, Breen shows how drugs have been entangled with science and empire from the very beginning. Featuring numerous illuminating anecdotes and a cast of characters that includes merchants, slaves, shamans, prophets, inquisitors, and alchemists, The Age of Intoxication rethinks a history of drugs and the early drug trade that has too often been framed as opposites—between medicinal and recreational, legal and illegal, good and evil. Breen argues that, in order to guide drug policy toward a fairer and more informed course, we first need to understand who and what set the global drug trade in motion.

Poisoned Relations

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Author : Chelsea Berry
language : en
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Release Date : 2024-09-17

Poisoned Relations written by Chelsea Berry and has been published by University of Pennsylvania Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-17 with History categories.

By the time of the opening of the Atlantic world in the fifteenth century, Europeans and Atlantic Africans had developed significantly different cultural idioms for and understandings of poison. Europeans considered poison a gendered “weapon of the weak” while Africans viewed it as an abuse by the powerful. Though distinct, both idioms centered on fraught power relationships. When translated to the slave societies of the Americas, these understandings sometimes clashed in conflicting interpretations of alleged poisoning events. In Poisoned Relations, Chelsea Berry illuminates the competing understandings of poison and power in the Atlantic World. Poison was connected to central concerns of life: to the well-being in this world for oneself and one’s relatives; to the morality and use of power; and to the fraught relationships that bound people together. The social and relational nature of ideas about poison meant that the power struggles that emerged in poison cases, while unfolding in the extreme context of slavery, were not solely between enslavers and the enslaved—they also involved social conflict within enslaved communities. Poisoned Relations examines more than five hundred investigations and trials in four colonial contexts—British Virginia, French Martinique, Portuguese Bahia, and the Dutch Guianas—bringing a groundbreaking application of historical linguistics to bear on the study of the African diaspora in the Americas. Illuminating competing understandings of poison and power in this way, Berry opens new avenues of evidence through which to navigate the violence of colonial archival silences.

Civil Society And Political Representation In Latin America 2010 2015

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Author : Adrián Albala
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-11-03

Civil Society And Political Representation In Latin America 2010 2015 written by Adrián Albala and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-03 with Social Science categories.

This book presents in-depth analyses of the wave of political protest and unrest that spread throughout Latin America between 2010 and 2015 in order to answer a question that has been challenging social scientists all over the region: why some countries have faced a divorce between their social movements and political parties while others have not? The contributions gathered in this volume intend to show that the logic of political representation in Latin America and its supposed “crisis” is not a common and constant feature for all region. Some countries like Chile, Brazil, Colombia and Mexico seem to have experienced a process of autonomization of its social movements vis-à-vis its institutional political system. However, Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador and Uruguay have not seen such a split between civil society and the political parties. Bringing together eight case studies of the countries mentioned and a general assessment of the situation in the whole region, this book presents some interesting findings that will contribute to the discussions about the political representation crisis in Latin America, providing valuable resources for political leaders, researchers, policy makers and social activists in the region.

Diario Oficial

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Author : Brazil
language : pt-BR
Publisher: Brazil
Release Date : 1955

Diario Oficial written by Brazil and has been published by Brazil this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1955 with Law categories.

Prefeitura do distrito.

The Inhabited Woman

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Author : Gioconda Belli
language : en
Publisher: Univ of Wisconsin Press
Release Date : 2005-01-20

The Inhabited Woman written by Gioconda Belli and has been published by Univ of Wisconsin Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-20 with Fiction categories.

Lavinia is The Inhabited Woman: accomplished, independent, and fiercely modern. She is sheltered and self-involved, until the spirit of an Indian woman warrior enters her being, then she dares to join a revolutionary movement against a violent dictator and—through the power of love—finds the courage to act. The Wisconsin edition is for sale only in North America.

La Evaluaci N Ambiental De Planes Y Programas Informe De Sostenibilidad Ambiental Y Memorias Ambientales Excursus El Futuro De La Sostenibilidad Y El Ladrillo Verde Ejemplos Conforme A La Legislaci N De Cantabria

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Author : Pablo Merino Ávila
language : es
Publisher: Librería-Editorial Dykinson
Release Date : 2011-06-05

La Evaluaci N Ambiental De Planes Y Programas Informe De Sostenibilidad Ambiental Y Memorias Ambientales Excursus El Futuro De La Sostenibilidad Y El Ladrillo Verde Ejemplos Conforme A La Legislaci N De Cantabria written by Pablo Merino Ávila and has been published by Librería-Editorial Dykinson this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-05 with Law categories.

La evaluación ambiental de planes y programas se concibe como un instrumento para la toma de decisiones, adoptando la forma de un procedimiento dirigido a integrar las consideraciones medioambientales en los niveles elevados de la planificación. En general, hay un mayoritario consenso en torno a concebir la evaluación ambiental de los planes y programas como algo mucho más allá de la mera elaboración de un informe de sostenibilidad ambiental. El acento se pone en el término “procedimiento” participativo y transparente, previo a la toma de decisiones, al objeto de facilitar la integración de las consideraciones ambientales en el desarrollo del plan o programa. La incorporación de profesionales de las ciencias ambientales en la formulación de planes y programas de ordenación del territorio o sectoriales, permite a los encargados de la toma de decisiones conocer, y así poder prever, corregir y mejorar, la integración de su plan o programa en el medio que está obligado a cuidar y respetar. Este documento centra, con claridad y gran rigor jurídico, los objetivos y los criterios medioambientales a considerar en la elaboración de Planes y Programas y en la evaluación de sus efectos, con arreglo a los mejores estándares internacionales. El autor, D. Pablo Merino Ávila, es Miembro de la Real Academia de Jurisprudencia y Legislación. Es Socio del Despacho Arnaiz Consultores. En el 2008, en la editorial Dykinson, ha publicado la obra: Proyectos de singular interés regional y evaluación ambiental. Ejemplos conforme a la legislación Cántabra.