Productivity In The Transportation Sector
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Productivity In The Transportation Sector
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Author : Robert James Gordon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Productivity In The Transportation Sector written by Robert James Gordon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Transportaion categories.
This is a comprehensive study of measurement and substantive issues that arise in determining the rate of multi factor productivity (MFP) growth in the transportation industry over the postwar period, 1948-87. Official data on output and employment are provided by two government agencies and conflict markedly for railroads, airlines, and trucking. This paper identifies the source of the conflicts and selects the best of the government indexes for further study, It concludes that improved data reduce the magnitude of the post-1973 productivity slowdown in transportation MFP growth from a previously reported 2.5 percent per annum to just 0.5 percent. The effect of deregulation has been mixed; MFP growth accelerated markedly for railroads when 1978-87 is compared to the pre-1978 period, but slowed sharply for airlines and trucking. New results on output quality are provided for airlines, particularly for the period of deregulation. Contrary to the standard view, deregulation has not substituted circuitous routings through hubs for nonstop flights available previously; instead the establishment of new hubs has greatly increased the number of nonstop routings available, and remarkably few nonstop routes have been discontinued. An estimate is provided of the value of time saved by the improved routings, and of the offsetting time cost of extended scheduled flight times resulting from increased congestion. Such estimates of the value of time are swamped by the huge contribution to welfare provided by the manufacturers of aircraft and engines; the time saving from the "invention of air travel" for 1989 is valued at 400 percent of domestic airline revenue and 3.5 percent of GNP. Alternative measures of capital input, based on new quality-adjusted equipment deflators, are provided for airlines, railroads, and trucking. These uniformly increase faster in the earlier postwar years than in the last decade and consequently imply a smaller decline in MFP growth than in official data sources. However, new estimates of the input of government expenditures on airports, air traffic control, and highways, do not change appreciably the pattern of postwar MFP growth in transportation.
Productivity In The Transportation Sector
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Author : Robert J. Gordon
language : es
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Productivity In The Transportation Sector written by Robert J. Gordon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
Productivity In The Transportation Sector
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Productivity In The Transportation Sector written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
Productivity In The Transportation Sector
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Author : Robert J. Gordon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Productivity In The Transportation Sector written by Robert J. Gordon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
The Role Of Productivity Transportation Costs And Barriers To Intersectoral Mobility In Structural Transformation
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Author : Cem Karayalcin
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2015-04-30
The Role Of Productivity Transportation Costs And Barriers To Intersectoral Mobility In Structural Transformation written by Cem Karayalcin and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-30 with Business & Economics categories.
The process of economic development is characterized by substantial reallocations of resources across sectors. In this paper, we construct a multi-sector model in which there are barriers to the movement of labor from low-productivity traditional agriculture to modern sectors. With the barrier in place, we show that improvements in productivity in modern sectors (including agriculture) or reductions in transportation costs may lead to a rise in agricultural employment and through terms-oftrade effects may harm subsistence farmers if the traditional subsistence sector is larger than a critical level. This suggests that policy advice based on the earlier literature needs to be revised. Reducing barriers to mobility (through reductions in the cost of skill acquisition and institutional changes) and improving the productivity of subsistence farmers needs to precede policies designed to increase the productivity of modern sectors or decrease transportation costs.
An Examination Of Transportation Industry Productivity Measures
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
An Examination Of Transportation Industry Productivity Measures written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Industrial productivity categories.
Productivity Trends In The Canadian Transport Sector
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Productivity Trends In The Canadian Transport Sector written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
In recent decades, the overall growth in productivity of many subsectors of the Canadian transportation and warehousing sector has been above average. In particular, while labour productivity (real GDP per worker) grew an average of 0.64 per cent per year between 2000 and 2014 in the transportation and warehousing sector, labour productivity grew an average of 1.83 per cent per year in the truck transportation subsector, 3.25 per cent per year in the air transportation subsector and 2.09 per cent in the train transportation subsector for the same period. Conversely, in the urban transit subsector, labour productivity decreased an average of 0.76 per cent per year between 2000 and 2014. This report provides a detailed analysis of output, input and productivity trends in four subsectors of the Canadian transportation and warehousing sector. It also examines drivers of the productivity growth for each subsector as well as policies that could enable faster growth. Given the impact that the transportation sector h.
Itf Research Reports Moving Freight With Better Trucks Improving Safety Productivity And Sustainability
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2011-04-19
Itf Research Reports Moving Freight With Better Trucks Improving Safety Productivity And Sustainability written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-19 with categories.
This report identifies potential improvements in terms of more effective safety and environmental regulation for trucks, backed by better systems of enforcement, and identifies opportunities for greater efficiency and higher productivity.
Transportation After Deregulation
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Author : B Starr McMullen
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2001-09-12
Transportation After Deregulation written by B Starr McMullen and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-09-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Several of the papers in this volume are concerned with assessing both the timing and the impacts of deregulation and regulatory reform in the US transportation sector. Of increasing interest is the importance of productivity growth and the role played by new technologies in a more competitive market environment. Four of the papers in this volume deal directly with these issues in the context of motor carriers and railroads, two sectors which have been operating under substantially reduced regulatory constraints for the past twenty years in the US. Although the financial condition of US railroads has improved since 1980, there is still some concern regarding their long run viability as private enterprises. Accordingly, one of the papers considers the potential for further reductions in railroad costs through transcontinental mergers, a controversial issue due to the small number of railroads that remain in the industry.
Transport Infrastructure City Productivity Growth And Sectoral Reallocation Evidence From China
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Author : Yang Yang
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-12-11
Transport Infrastructure City Productivity Growth And Sectoral Reallocation Evidence From China written by Yang Yang and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-11 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper examines the impact of highway expansion on aggregate productivity growth and sectoral reallocation between cities in China. To do so, I construct a unique dataset of bilateral transportation costs between Chinese cities, digitized highway network maps, and firm-level census. I first derive and estimate a market access measure that summarizes all direct and indirect impact of trade costs on city productivity. I then construct an instrumental variable to examine the causal impact of highways on economic outcomes and the underlying channels. The results suggest that highways promoted aggregate productivity growth by facilitating firm entry, exit and reallocation. I also find evidence that the national highway system led to a sectoral reallocation between cities in China.