Progress In Superconductivity Research
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Recent Advances In Superconductivity Research
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Author : Christopher B. Taylor
language : en
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Release Date : 2013
Recent Advances In Superconductivity Research written by Christopher B. Taylor and has been published by Nova Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The authors of this book present current research in the study of superconductivity. Topics discussed in this compilation include the effects of non-magnetic defects in hole doped cuprates; deep cryogenic refrigeration by photons based on the phonon deficit effect in superconductors; superconductivity driven by an anti-polar electric phase in high temperature superconducting materials; superconductive graphite intercalation compounds; a superconducting magnetic field concentrator with nanodimensional branches and slits; magnetic mechanisms of pairing in a strongly correlated electron system of copper oxides; two non-linear mechanisms of correlations between copper carriers in superconductivity and their microscopical descriptions; three dimensionality of the critical state and variational methods for magnetically anisotropic superconductors; theory of multi-band superconductivity; conserving approximation for the self-energy of the t-U-V-J model beyond the Hartree-Fock approximation; and superconductivity as a consequence of an ordering of zero-point oscillations in electron gas.
Recent Developments In Superconductivity Research
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Author : Barry P. Martins
language : en
Publisher: Nova Publishers
Release Date : 2007
Recent Developments In Superconductivity Research written by Barry P. Martins and has been published by Nova Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Superconductivity is the ability of certain materials to conduct electrical current with no resistance and extremely low losses. High temperature superconductors, such as La2-xSrxCuOx (Tc=40K) and YBa2Cu3O7-x (Tc=90K), were discovered in 1987 and have been actively studied since. In spite of an intense, world-wide, research effort during this time, a complete understanding of the copper oxide (cuprate) materials is still lacking. Many fundamental questions are unanswered, particularly the mechanism by which high-Tc superconductivity occurs. More broadly, the cuprates are in a class of solids with strong electron-electron interactions. An understanding of such "strongly correlated" solids is perhaps the major unsolved problem of condensed matter physics with over ten thousand researchers working on this topic. High-Tc superconductors also have significant potential for applications in technologies ranging from electric power generation and transmission to digital electronics. This ability to carry large amounts of current can be applied to electric power devices such as motors and generators, and to electricity transmission in power lines. For example, superconductors can carry as much as 100 times the amount of electricity of ordinary copper or aluminium wires of the same size. Many universities, research institutes and companies are working to develop high-Tc superconductivity applications and considerable progress has been made. This volume brings together new leading-edge research in the field.
Advances In Superconductivity Iv
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Author : Hisao Hayakawa
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Advances In Superconductivity Iv written by Hisao Hayakawa and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Five years have passed since the breakthrough in the critical temperature for superconductors. During this period, many superconducting materials have been discovered and developed, and our knowledge of the physical and other properties of oxide superconductors has deepened through extensive and intensive research. This knowledge has advanced superconductivity science and technology from the initial questioning stage to a more developed but still uncertain second stage where research activity in superconductivity now overlaps with fields of application. Generally speaking, science resonates with technology. Science not only complements but also competes with or stimulates technology. New scientific knowledge has triggered the second technological research stage. Much progress has been made in the development of practical devices, encouraging the application of superconductors in areas such as human levitation, a high speed levitated bearing, large current transforming leads, and high frequency devices. This technological progress has increased our understanding of the science involved, such as flux pinning and dynamics, and anomalous long-range superconducting interactions. At this important stage, international cooperation and collaborative projects can effectively sustain aggressive research and development in order to advance superconductivity to the next stages. The ISS Symposium is expected to serve as a venue for increasing our knowledge of superconductivity and for exchanging visions for future research and applications, through the presentation and discus of the latest research results. These proceedings also aim to summarize sion annual progress in high-Tc superconductivity in all fields.
Superconductivity Research Developments
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Author : James R. Tobin
language : en
Publisher: Nova Publishers
Release Date : 2008
Superconductivity Research Developments written by James R. Tobin and has been published by Nova Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials at extremely low temperatures, characterized by exactly zero electrical resistance and the exclusion of the interior magnetic field (the Meissner effect). The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as the temperature is lowered. However, in ordinary conductors such as copper and silver, impurities and other defects impose a lower limit. Even near absolute zero a real sample of copper shows a non-zero resistance. The resistance of a superconductor, on the other hand, drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its "critical temperature", typically 20 kelvin or less. An electrical current flowing in a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It cannot be understood simply as the idealisation of "perfect conductivity" in classical physics. Superconductivity occurs in a wide variety of materials, including simple elements like tin and aluminium, various metallic alloys and some heavily-doped semiconductors. Superconductivity does not occur in noble metals like gold and silver, nor in most ferromagnetic metals. In 1986 the discovery of a family of cuprate-perovskite ceramic materials known as high-temperature superconductors, with critical temperatures in excess of 90 kelvin, spurred renewed interest and research in superconductivity for several reasons. As a topic of pure research, these materials represented a new phenomenon not explained by the current theory. And, because the superconducting state persists up to more manageable temperatures, more commercial applications are feasible, especially if materials with even higher critical temperatures could be discovered. This new book presents leading research from around the world in this dynamic field.
100 Years Of Superconductivity
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Author : Horst Rogalla
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2011-11-11
100 Years Of Superconductivity written by Horst Rogalla and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-11 with Science categories.
Even a hundred years after its discovery, superconductivity continues to bring us new surprises, from superconducting magnets used in MRI to quantum detectors in electronics. 100 Years of Superconductivity presents a comprehensive collection of topics on nearly all the subdisciplines of superconductivity. Tracing the historical developments in supe
Leading Edge Superconductivity Research Developments
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Author : Tetsuo Watanabe
language : en
Publisher: Nova Publishers
Release Date : 2008
Leading Edge Superconductivity Research Developments written by Tetsuo Watanabe and has been published by Nova Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This new book focuses on superconductivity which is the ability of certain materials to conduct electrical current with no resistance and extremely low losses. High temperature superconductors, such as La2-xSrxCuOx (Tc=40K) and YBa2Cu3O7-x (Tc=90K), were discovered in 1987 and have been actively studied since. In spite of an intense, worldwide, research effort during this time, a complete understanding of the copper oxide (cuprate) materials is still lacking.Many fundamental questions are unanswered, particularly the mechanism by which high-Tc superconductivity occurs. More broadly, the cuprates are in a class of solids with strong electron-electron interactions. An understanding of such 'strongly correlated' solids is perhaps the major unsolved problem of condensed matter physics with over ten thousand researchers working on this topic. High-Tc superconductors also have significant potential for applications in technologies ranging from electric power generation and transmission to digital electronics.
Advances In Superconductivity Viii
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Author : Hisao Hayakawa
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Advances In Superconductivity Viii written by Hisao Hayakawa and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Since the discovery of superconductivity with trans1tton temperatures above 77 K, concentrated research activities toward the exploration of practical applica tions of these materials have been carried out. Currently, a remarkable improve ment in superconducting properties has been achieved due to the fine optimization of fabrication processes, and this has attracted industrial interest for future applications. In the case of NdBa Cu 0 materials, a new pinning mecha 2 3 7 nism was found which enhances the critical current under applied magnetic fields. In single crystals of these materials, oxygen control results in an increase in the growth rate. The metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) film quality has been improved by using a new liquid raw material. Simultaneously, real demands from the viewpoint of the market start to be a motivation force, es pecially in electronics application where some products are already being sold. At the same time, interesting physical properlies have been obtained from a new superconducting single crystal which has a layered perovskite structure without copper. In addition, various precision measurement techniques have confirmed the d-wave mechanism and the existence of intrinsicJosephson junctions in single crystals. These new phenomena challenge the existing theoretical models but also open the way for new applications. These significant areas of progress in materials science have led high-Tc super conductivity research into the next phase of activity, while fundamental research continues to be very important. I sincerely hope that this volume will give further impetus to this development.
Advances In Superconductivity Iii
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Author : Koji Kajimura
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Advances In Superconductivity Iii written by Koji Kajimura and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Since the discovery of high temperature superconductors, many new materials have been invented. In the last year, several new materials were also discovered, but their critical temperatures are still below lOOK. Precise physical and chemical work has made tremendous progress in the theoretical and experimental study of physical properties and carrier state characterizations. The de Haas van Alphen effect measurement showed the existence of a Fermi surface in YBCO. Flux dynamics is a well-known new problem in which flux creep and irreversibility line features are especially important for a fundamental understanding of the critical current and flux pinning. Flux pinning centers which are intentionally added using non-superconducting precipitates, neutrons, and protons, etc. increase critical currents to practical levels. The analysis of electric and magnetic properties are expected to reveal the pinning mechanism and also to further application development. As for wires and bulks, many melt-like sintering techniques have improved the material performance of critical current densities. A new seeding Quench-Melt Growth technique enlarged crystal size and increased the repulsion force. These melting processes, in conjunction with a mechanical strength improvement have been effectively introduced into wire fabrication in order to realize kilometer range wires and will put the oxide wires to practical use. Where thin film is con cerned, when many fabrication methods had been developed using the assistance effect of activated oxygen such as ozone and oxygen radicals, a high current 2 density of 106A/cm at 77K was reported.
Advances In Superconductivity
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Author : Koichi Kitazawa
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Advances In Superconductivity written by Koichi Kitazawa and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Intense recent activity in the field of high-temperature superconductivity both in Japan and in the rest of the world was discussed at the First International Symposium on Superconductivity held in Nagoya in August 1988. Current research and development efforts by major Japanese companies in the field of high-temperature superconductivity are reported by leading company scientists, to give an overview of the high level of activity in the area. Progress in the development of new materials and recent theoretical work is reported both from Japanese and international researchers. Contributions are organized by topic, with such topics as crystal chemistry and electronic structure, processing and microstructure, tapes and thick films, wires and coils, and thin film processing and properties. Future applications of superconductivity including magnetic levitation vehicles, electronics based on Josephson junctions, power delivery, energy storage, ship propulsion and magnetic resonance imaging are particularly stressed.
Advances In Superconductivity Vi
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Author : Toshizo Fujita
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Advances In Superconductivity Vi written by Toshizo Fujita and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
More than seven years have passed since the dramatic breakthrough in the critical temperature for superconductors. During this period, a host of new materials have been discovered, and efforts have been stepped up in a variety of domains including device and systems applications, commercialization, and basic research on the properties of superconductive materials. Recent progress in areas such as bulk single crystal production, long-scale wire and tape produc tion, flywheel and bearing applications, and electronic device applications for thin films indicate that science and technology have been working hand in hand in this field, as has been the case in the research and development of semi conductors. This interdisciplinary "resonance" will be certain to lead to further outstanding advances in the years to come. It goes without saying that worldwide information exchange is the key to accelerating progress in superconductivity science and technology. As in previous years, the ISS '93 served as a venue where visions of future develop ments were shared in addition to presentations and extensive discussions on the most up-to-date research results. I hope that the Proceedings contained in this volume will be consulted not only as a summary of the current "state of the art" in high-Tc superconductivity but also as a stimulating source of ideas regarding future applications of superconductivity research.