Property Changes Of First Year Ice And Old Ice During Summer Melt
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Property Changes Of First Year Ice And Old Ice During Summer Melt
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Author : M. Johnston
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Property Changes Of First Year Ice And Old Ice During Summer Melt written by M. Johnston and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
Sea Ice
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Author : Mohammed Shokr
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2023-04-20
Sea Ice written by Mohammed Shokr and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-20 with Science categories.
SEA ICE The latest edition of the gold standard in sea ice references In the newly revised second edition of Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing, a team of distinguished researchers delivers an in-depth review of the features and structural properties of ice, as well as the latest advances in geophysical sensors, ice parameter retrieval techniques, and remote sensing data. The book has been updated to reflect the latest scientific developments in macro- and micro-scale sea ice research. For this edition, the authors have included high-quality photographs of thin sections from cores of various ice types, as well as a comprehensive account of all major field expeditions that have systematically surveyed sea ice and its properties. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to ice physics and physical processes, including ice morphology and age-based structural features Practical discussions of radiometric and radar-scattering observations from sea ice, including radar backscatter and microwave emission The latest techniques for the retrieval of sea ice parameters from space-borne and airborne sensor data New chapters on sea ice thermal microwave emissions and on the impact of climate change on polar sea ice Perfect for academic researchers working on sea ice, the cryosphere, and climatology, Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing will also benefit meteorologists, marine operators, and high-latitude construction engineers.
On Sea Ice
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Author : Willy Weeks
language : en
Publisher: University of Alaska Press
Release Date : 2010-06-15
On Sea Ice written by Willy Weeks and has been published by University of Alaska Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06-15 with Science categories.
Covering more than seven percent of the earth’s surface, sea ice is crucial to the functioning of the biosphere—and is a key component in our attempts to understand and combat climate change. With On Sea Ice, geophysicist W. F. Weeks delivers a natural history of sea ice, a fully comprehensive and up-to-date account of our knowledge of its creation, change, and function. The volume begins with the earliest recorded observations of sea ice, from 350 BC, but the majority of its information is drawn from the period after 1950, when detailed study of sea ice became widespread. Weeks delves into both micro-level characteristics—internal structure, component properties, and phase relations—and the macro-level nature of sea ice, such as salinity, growth, and decay. He also explains the mechanics of ice pack drift and the recently observed changes in ice extent and thickness. An unparalleled account of a natural phenomenon that will be of increasing importance as the earth’s temperature rises, On Sea Ice will unquestionably be the standard for years to come.
Satellite Based Estimates Of Sea Ice Volume Flux Applications To The Fram Strait Region
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Author : Gunnar Spreen
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2008-08-04
Satellite Based Estimates Of Sea Ice Volume Flux Applications To The Fram Strait Region written by Gunnar Spreen and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-08-04 with Science categories.
Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2008 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Physical Geography, Geomorphology, Environmental Studies, grade: 1,0, University of Hamburg (Institut für Meereskunde), 170 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: The sea ice export out of the Arctic Ocean through Fram Strait into the Greenland Sea is the single largest source of freshwater in the Nordic Seas and therefore of spezial importance for the hydrological cycle of the North Atlantic. On its way south, the exported sea ice melts and thereby modifies the stratification of the ocean surface mixed layer, which in turn influences oceanic deep convection and water mass transformation processes in the Nordic Seas and thus impact global ocean thermohaline circulation. The lack of spatial sea ice thickness information has been one of the weaknesses for previous existing methods to determine the sea ice export. In this study a new method to obtain the sea ice volume flux exclusively from satellite measurements is presented. Previous estimates of the sea ice volume flux relayed on ice draft measurements of a single Upward Looking Sonar (ULS) in the Greenland Sea. The GLAS laser altimeter onboard the ICESat satellite launched in 2003 offers for the first time the opportunity to obtain the spatial sea ice thickness distribution up to 86°N latitude. In this study a method to determine the sea ice freeboard from ICESat altimeter data is developed and applied to nine ICESat measurement periods between 2003 and 2007. Assuming hydrostatic balance and by utilization of further satellite, in situ and climatological data these sea ice freeboard measurements are converted to sea ice thickness maps of the Fram Strait region. The satellite-based ice thickness estimates are combined with sea ice area and sea ice drift, as retrieved from AMSR-E microwave radiometer measurements at 89GHz, to obtain the sea ice volume flux. The errors of the input quantities and the final sea ice volume flux are assessed. Using this method the spatial sea ice volume flux distribution is obtained from satellite observations for the first time. The Fram Strait sea ice volume flux is further investigated by calculating a monthly sea ice volume flux time series between January 2003 and April 2007. Summer months have to be disregarded due to missing sea ice drift data. The sea ice volume flux shows large interannual and -seasonal variability. A mean monthly Fram Strait sea ice volume flux of (248±90) km3/month with respective minimum and maximum values of 112 km3/month (May 2003) and 484 km3/month (December 2004) was found...
Challenges Of The Changing Arctic
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Author : Myron H. Nordquist
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2016-03-31
Challenges Of The Changing Arctic written by Myron H. Nordquist and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-31 with Law categories.
Challenges of the Changing Arctic: Continental Shelf, Navigation, and Fisheries is part of a series of publications on oceans law and policy associated with the Center for Oceans Law and Policy, University of Virginia.
Sea Ice
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Author : Mohammed Shokr
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-03-16
Sea Ice written by Mohammed Shokr and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-16 with Science categories.
Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing addresses experiences acquired mainly in Canada by researchers in the fields of ice physics and growth history in relation to its polycrystalline structure as well as ice parameters retrieval from remote sensing observations. The volume describes processes operating at the macro- and microscale (e.g., brine entrapment in sea ice, crystallographic texture of ice types, brine drainage mechanisms, etc.). The information is supported by high-quality photographs of ice thin-sections prepared from cores of different ice types, all obtained by leading experts during field experiments in the 1970s through the 1990s, using photographic cameras and scanning microscopy. In addition, this volume presents techniques to retrieve a suite of sea ice parameters (e.g. ice type, concentration, extent, thickness, surface temperature, surface deformation, etc.) from space-borne and airborne sensor data. The breadth of the material on this subject is designed to appeal to researchers and users of remote sensing data who want to develop quick familiarity with the capabilities of this technology or detailed knowledge about major techniques for retrieval of key ice parameters. Volume highlights include: Detailed crystallographic classification of natural sea ice, the key information from which information about ice growth conditions can be inferred. Many examples are presented with material to support qualitative and quantitative interpretation of the data. Methods developed for revealing microstructural characteristics of sea ice and performing forensic investigations. Data sets on radiative properties and satellite observations of sea ice, its snow cover, and surrounding open water. Methods of retrieval of ice surface features and geophysical parameters from remote sensing observations with a focus on critical issues such as the suitability of different sensors for different tasks and data synergism. Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing is intended for a variety of sea ice audiences interested in different aspects of ice related to physics, geophysics, remote sensing, operational monitoring, mechanics, and cryospheric sciences.
Handbook Of Air Quality And Climate Change
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Author : Hajime Akimoto
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-10-29
Handbook Of Air Quality And Climate Change written by Hajime Akimoto and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-29 with Science categories.
This handbook covers the air quality/air pollution from the viewpoints of causing impacts on human/ecosystem health and climate change. Traditionally, air pollution has been a concern mainly in terms of its impacts on human health, and it is still an immediate public and governmental concern in most Asian countries. However, in recent years so-called extreme weather events, such as stronger tropical cyclones, flooding, drought, and other phenomena, have been manifested causing tremendous losses of human lives and properties. Importantly, climate models tell us that such extreme weather events are actually induced by anthropogenic global warming. It has been pointed out that mitigation or alleviation of such climate change leading to the extreme weather events in the next 30 years can be possible only by reducing air pollutants with positive radiative forcing such as ozone or methane, which are called short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs). Here, concerns about mitigation of air pollutants from the points of human health and climate change have merged. This book covers different kinds of air pollutants and radiative forcers and how they can be measured. It also mentions the situation of air pollutants in different continents and their regional impacts to human health, environment and economy as well as their link to extreme weather events. The book presents how the air pollution and climate change can be mitigated and how clean air technologies and international initiatives for co-controlling air pollution and climate change have been developed.
Sailing Directions Planning Guide For The Arctic Ocean
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Author : United States. Defense Mapping Agency. Hydrographic/Topographic Center
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Sailing Directions Planning Guide For The Arctic Ocean written by United States. Defense Mapping Agency. Hydrographic/Topographic Center and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Pilot guides categories.
Analysis Of Sar Data Of The Polar Oceans
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Author : Costas Tsatsoulis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Analysis Of Sar Data Of The Polar Oceans written by Costas Tsatsoulis and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
This book is a collection of the most recent and significant research on algorithms for the analysis of polar sea-ice SAR data. All algorithms are implemented and tested. One chapter is from the Alaskan SAR Facility, the major NASA archive of polar SAR data and a source of many SAR analysis algorithms, including high-level results of such analyses. One chapter has been written jointly by the US and Canadian Ice Centers, which provide e.g., operational sea-ice products to the shipping and oil-drilling industries and to polar explorations. This book will be useful to all researchers in the polar sciences community.
The Ecology Of Snow And Ice Environments
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Author : Johanna Laybourn-Parry
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-02-02
The Ecology Of Snow And Ice Environments written by Johanna Laybourn-Parry and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-02 with Science categories.
Snow and ice environments support significant biological activity, yet the biological importance of some of these habitats, such as glaciers, has only recently gained appreciation. Collectively, these ecosystems form a significant part of the cryosphere, most of which is situated at high latitudes. These ice environments are important sentinels of climate change since the polar regions are presently undergoing the highest rates of climate warming, resulting in very marked changes in the extent of ice caps, glaciers, and the sea ice. Glacial systems are also regarded as an analogue for astrobiology, particularly for Mars and the moons of Jupiter (e.g. Europa), and one of the justifications for research in this area is its potential value in astrobiology. This timely and accessible volume draws together the current knowledge on life in snow and ice environments. It describes these often complex and often productive ecosystems, their physical and chemical conditions, and the nature and activity of the organisms that have colonised them. The cryosphere is the domain of extremophiles, organisms able to adapt to the physiological and biochemical challenges of harsh cold conditions where liquid water may only be present for relatively short periods each year. The majority of extremophiles in ice and snow are microorganisms. The Ecology of Snow and Ice Environments is intended for the non-specialist, enabling environmental scientists to understand the biological functioning of extreme cold environments and for biologists to gain knowledge of the nature of the cryosphere.
