Propofol

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Propofol

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Author : Albertina Florence
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014-05-14

Propofol written by Albertina Florence and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-14 with Anesthetics categories.

Propofol is an injectable agent that is commonly used for general anesthesia. In addition to its central nervous system depressant action, propofol may exhibit temporary analgesia although this has been debated. Several studies have reported analgesic effects of subhypnotic doses of propofol on pain perception in humans. Moreover, some recent clinical studies have reported that surgery patients receiving propofol anesthesia experienced reduced postoperative pain. This book discusses the pharmacokinetics, medical uses and potential health effects of propofol in further detail. (Imprint: Nova Biomedical)

Propofol

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Author : Albertina Florence
language : en
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Release Date : 2014

Propofol written by Albertina Florence and has been published by Nova Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Analgesics categories.

Propofol is an injectable agent that is commonly used for general anaesthesia. In addition to its central nervous system depressant action, propofol may exhibit temporary analgesia although this has been debated. Several studies have reported analgesic effects of subhypnotic doses of propofol on pain perception in humans. Moreover, some recent clinical studies have reported that surgery patients receiving propofol anaesthesia experienced reduced postoperative pain. This book discusses the pharmacokinetics, medical uses and potential health effects of propofol in further detail.

Propofol In Patients With Established Brugada Syndrome

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Author : Panagiotis Flamu00e9e
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017

Propofol In Patients With Established Brugada Syndrome written by Panagiotis Flamu00e9e and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.

Introduction: Brugada Syndrome (BrS) is a distinct syndrome with a typical electrocardiographic pattern of coved-type ST segment elevation in the right precordial leads from V1 to V3 and a complete or incomplete right bundle branch block (1). Clinical symptoms may vary due to incomplete penetrance, from syncope to cardiac arrest. Evidence about the alluded proarrhythmic effect from propofol in such patients is lacking. Although a causative relation between propofol and BrS is non-existent, it is currently recommended with a class IIa level as a drug to be avoided (2).Goal of Study: The primary goal of our study was to analyze if any ST-segment changes occurred after induction of anesthesia with propofol in patients with established BrS. Secondary goal was to register rhythm abnormalities and clinical outcome. Methods: Data was prospectively collected from 2012 up to 2017. Eighty patients with BrS, requiring surgery under general anesthesia, were randomly assigned in two equal groups. Induction of anesthesia was performed with propofol in one group and etomidate in the control group. An ECG was acquired before and after induction of anesthesia. All ECG's consisted the standard twelve leads but also the intercostal 3rd and 4th leads which are more sensitive for diagnosing ST-segment changes in BrS. Two cardiologists blinded for the induction agent, analyzed the ECG's. Results: None of the patients inducedwith propofol had significant ST-segmentchanges, nor did arrhythmias occur during the surgical procedure. All patients were safely discharged one or two days later. Prospective studies with continuous propofol infusion, for anesthetic or sedative purposes, are necessary to further evaluate the safety of propofol. Conclusion: Propofol does not induce arrhythmic changes at clinically used induction doses up to 3 mg.kg-1, and therefore still considered as a safe induction agent for patients with established BrS.

Modulating Propofol Anesthesia And Hepatotoxicity With Monoterpene Alcohols Microform Molecular Basis

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Author : Li Alison Lin
language : en
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
Release Date : 2004

Modulating Propofol Anesthesia And Hepatotoxicity With Monoterpene Alcohols Microform Molecular Basis written by Li Alison Lin and has been published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.

Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic that is rapidly metabolized by glucuronidation and P450 catalyzed oxidation. The goal of this research was to determine whether monoterpene alcohols could be used to prolong the anesthetic effect of propofol by inhibiting propofol metabolism and modulate its hepatotoxicity; the molecular hepatotoxic mechanism of propofol in isolated hepatocytes. This research shows that most monoterpene alcohols administered intraperitoneally to mice prolonged the anesthetic effect (>3 times) of propofol. However, mouse plasma alanine aminotransferase levels also increased indicating that propofol was hepatotoxic. Propofol hepatotoxicity in vivo or hepatocyte cytotoxicity in vitro were increased by UGT inhibitors ( - )-borneol or alpha-terpineol but may have been decreased by trans-sobrerol or P450 inhibitors. Moreover, hepatocyte cytotoxicity was also increased by catalase and quinone reductase inhibitors. These results suggest that 2,6-diisopropylbenzoquinone and phenoxy radicals contributed to propofol toxicity and monoterpene alcohols could be used to modulate propofol metabolism in vivo and in vitro.

Patient Controlled Sedation In Procedural Care

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Author : Andreas Nilsson
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2014-11-24

Patient Controlled Sedation In Procedural Care written by Andreas Nilsson and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-24 with Anesthesia categories.

The need for procedural sedation is extensive and on the increase in numbers of patients. Minor treatments or diagnostic procedures are being performed with inadequate sedation or even without any sedatives or analgesics. Also, sedation techniques that support advanced, high-quality, in-patient care procedures representing easy performance and rapid recovery are requested for increased effectiveness. In this doctoral thesis, patient-controlled sedation (PCS) using propofol and alfentanil for surgical and diagnostic procedures was studied. The overall aim was to study aspects of safety, procedural feasibility and patients’ experiences. The main hypothesis was that PCS using only propofol is a safe and effective method for the induction and maintenance of moderate procedural sedation. The studies included were prospective, interventional, and in some cases, randomized and double-blinded. Data on cardiopulmonary changes, level of conscious sedation (bispectral index and Observer’s assessment of alertness/sedation [OAA/S]), pain, discomfort, anxiety, nausea (visual analogue scales), interventions performed by nurse anaesthetists, surgeons’ evaluation of feasibility, procedure characteristics, recovery (Aldrete score) and pharmacokinetic simulation of concentrations of drugs at the effect site supported the analysis and comparison between PCS and anaesthetist-controlled sedation and propofol PCS with or without alfentanil. PCS can be adjusted to cover a broad range of areas where sedation is needed, which, in this thesis, included burn care, gynaecological out-patient surgery and endoscopic procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the bile ducts (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography [ERCP]). PCS for burn wound treatment demands the addition of alfentanil, but still seems to be safe. PCS was preferred by the patients instead of anaesthetist-controlled sedation. The addition of alfentanil to PCS as an adjunct to gynaecological surgical procedures also using local anaesthesia increases the surgeon’s access to the patients, but impairs safety. Apnoea and other such conditions requiring interventions to restore respiratory function were seen in patients receiving both alfentanil and propofol for PCS. Patients’ experiencing perioperative pain and anxiety did not explain the effect-site concentrations of drugs. Different gynaecological procedures and patients’ weights seemed to best explain the concentrations. For discomfort and pain during the endoscopic procedure (ERCP), propofol PCS performs almost the same as anaesthetist-performed sedation. Overall, as part of the pre-operative procedures, PCS does not seem to be time-consuming. In respect to the perioperative perspective, PCS supports rapid recovery with a low incidence of tiredness, pain, and post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The data suggest that PCS further needs to be adapted to the patient, the specific procedure and the circumstances of sedation for optimal benefit and enhanced safety.

Propofol And Cognition

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Author : Kh Khathija Hasan Dr
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2014-12-11

Propofol And Cognition written by Kh Khathija Hasan Dr and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-11 with categories.

Memory and consciousness are two expressions of brain functioning that are suppressed by anesthetics.Current evidence states that a breakdown of cortical connectivity, and cortical information integration, underlies anesthesia-induced loss of conscious. This perception of anesthesia-induced disruption of cortical connectivity can thus be viewed as a form of cognitive unbinding. The contribution of anaesthesia itself to post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) or the potential protective effect of one specific type of anaesthesia on the occurrence of POCD is not clear. The incidence of post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), at 3 months after a non-cardiac surgery is estimated at 6.6% for a minor surgery and 9.9% for the major one. What then is the effect of Propofol on Cognitive impairement ? An experimental study was hence undertaken in the east coast of Kelantan Malaysia in an attempt to understand the effects of Propofol on cognition.

Towards Monitoring Of The Anesthetic Drug Propofol Design Development And Characterization Of An Automated Flow Analytical System

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Author : Felynncia Renee Rainey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012

Towards Monitoring Of The Anesthetic Drug Propofol Design Development And Characterization Of An Automated Flow Analytical System written by Felynncia Renee Rainey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.

Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic drug commonly used for the maintenance of sedation for critically ill patients in the ICU. Current standard dosing paradigms, which use weight, age, and sex to determine dosage amounts, are not universal to all patients. Consequently, some patients may be under-sedated, while others may be over-sedated. Patient under-sedation can affect patient comfort, proper patient-ventilator synchronization, and blood oxygenation. Patient over-sedation can result in the development of Propofol Infusion Syndrome (PRIS). PRIS can cause many physiological dysfunctions, even death, especially in children. To address this issue, an electrochemical propofol sensor and an automated flow analytical system (AFAS) have been designed in our lab. The AFAS is aimed toward the feedback controlled monitoring of propofol using microfabricated planar electrochemical sensors. The AFAS is composed of a flow-through electrochemical cell, computer controlled actuator, multi-position valve, peristaltic pump, and potentiostat. The system allows the user to implement complex analytical tasks, including flow injection analysis, continuous monitoring, and multipoint calibration with sample measurements. Measurements can be performed under varied experimental conditions, including a wide range of electrode configurations, sampling schemes, sample volumes, and sample concentrations. A membrane coated sensor for the measurement of propofol has been developed. The AFAS was used to characterize the response of the membrane coated electrode in repeated measurements, using ferrocenemethanol as a model compound. The influence of the thickness of the membrane on the measured electrochemical signal was also examined. Finally, the AFAS was used to demonstrate the performance characteristics of a membrane coated sensor for the measurement of propofol. The AFAS was used to determine the precision and accuracy of propofol measurement in the physiologically relevant concentration range, and the effect of interfering compounds on propofol measurement.

Propofol

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Author : G. J. Blokdijk
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018-01-30

Propofol written by G. J. Blokdijk and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-30 with categories.

Will I require any Propofol prescription drugs? Does Propofol medication work? What's the best mix for me of home remedies, over the counter (OTC) drugs and ointments and Propofol prescription drugs? Which one of Propofol medications is better for me than the others? How do I get the Medicare Propofol prescription drug benefit? Always talk to your doctor about Propofol, your condition and your treatment. But what exactly to ask your doctor to make sure you are both covering everything you need to know about Propofol? 'Propofol; Third Edition' presents readers with a whole new set of 582 pivotal questions to discuss your situation with your healthcare provider, consider your options, and help you make decisions that are right for you. 'Propofol; Third Edition' poses questions that Propofol medication users didn't even know they needed to ask. With lots of room to note down your doctor's answers and an extensive index, this book is a must-have for anyone who has, or is about to have, Propofol prescription medication, and indispensable for healthcare providers who want to make sure they are able to answer every question.

Precision And Bias Of Target Controlled Prolonged Propofol Infusion For General Anesthesia And Sedation In Neurosurgical Patients

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018

Precision And Bias Of Target Controlled Prolonged Propofol Infusion For General Anesthesia And Sedation In Neurosurgical Patients written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.

Electrophysiology In Action

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Author : Ruslan Croitoru
language : de
Publisher: VDM Publishing
Release Date : 2008

Electrophysiology In Action written by Ruslan Croitoru and has been published by VDM Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Science categories.