Proportional Western Europe
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Proportional Western Europe
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Author : B. Owen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-11-18
Proportional Western Europe written by B. Owen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-18 with Political Science categories.
This is a history of political parties in ten nations (with the sections on France and Germany limited to specific period), and a critique of the existing literature that emphasizes the importance of electoral rules as determinative of political party systems.
Proportional Western Europe
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Author : B. Owen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-11-18
Proportional Western Europe written by B. Owen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-18 with Political Science categories.
This is a history of political parties in ten nations (with the sections on France and Germany limited to specific period), and a critique of the existing literature that emphasizes the importance of electoral rules as determinative of political party systems.
Explaining Electoral System Change
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Author : Nina Simeonova Barzachka
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Explaining Electoral System Change written by Nina Simeonova Barzachka and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
The Principle Of Proportional Ownership Investor Protection And Firm Value In Western Europe
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Author : Morten Bennedsen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
The Principle Of Proportional Ownership Investor Protection And Firm Value In Western Europe written by Morten Bennedsen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Previous research initiated by Claessens et al. (2002) has established a value discount of disproportional ownership structures. Due to omitted variables problems it is difficult to provide a causal interpretation of these findings. We provide a thorough analysis of this value discount in a large sample of Western European firms, which strengthens the causal interpretation that the discount is driven by incentive and entrenchment effects. First, we show that the value discount is higher in firms with low cash flow concentration, in family firms, in industries with higher amenity value and in countries with better investor protection. Second, we show that these findings are consistent with the predictions of a theoretical model of incentive and entrenchment effects. Third, we find little empirical evidence for a number of alternative omitted variable explanations, including: protection of private benefits; voting and block premia; low-liquidity discount; and, protection against uninvited takeovers. Fourth, we present the puzzling finding that the value discount is significantly higher in firms with dual class shares than in firms with pyramidal ownership. Fifth, we find no impact of disproportional ownership structures on operating performance. Finally, we discuss policy implications of these findings in relationship to the ongoing process of harmonization of the European capital markets.
A Short History Of Electoral Systems In Western Europe
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Author : Andrew McLaren Carstairs
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-04-15
A Short History Of Electoral Systems In Western Europe written by Andrew McLaren Carstairs and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-15 with Political Science categories.
This book provides a concise and accessible account of the historical experience of European parliaments – why different electoral systems were adopted, how they have functioned, how they have affected the development of political parties, and in what respects they have been found over time to be either suitable or unsatisfactory. The book begins with a summary of the main electoral systems, analysing and re-assessing each in the light of historical experience. The core of the book, however, is a country-by-country account of the systems which have operated in each of the main West European countries, in the context of their own constitutional, political and social developments.
The Principle Of Proportionality
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Author : Morten Bennedsen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
The Principle Of Proportionality written by Morten Bennedsen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Recent policy initiatives within the harmonization of European company laws have promoted a so-called "principle of proportionality" through proposals that regulate mechanisms opposing a proportional distribution of ownership and control. We scrutinize the foundation for these initiatives by analyzing the use of instruments to separate ownership from control across legal regimes in a sample of over 4,000 publicly traded firms from 14 Western European countries. First, we confirm the negative impact on firm value from disproportional ownership structures previously established in a sample of Asian firms by Claessens et al. (2002). Second, we show that dual class shares have a larger and more significant negative effect on firm value than pyramids and cross holdings. Third, we find that the impact of disproportionality and the underlying instruments is inversely related to the level of investor protection. Thus, dual class shares and pyramids substitute legal protection in countries with inadequate investor protection. Fourth, we find no evidence of a significant effect of disproportionality instruments on earnings performance. Finally, we discuss policy implications of these findings in relationship to the process of harmonization of the European capital markets. JEL classifications: G30, G32, G34 and G38 Keywords: Ownership Structure, Dual Class Shares, Pyramids, EU company laws.
The Geography Of Western Europe
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Author : Paul L Knox
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-11-19
The Geography Of Western Europe written by Paul L Knox and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-19 with Social Science categories.
This book provides a comprehensive survey of the social geography of Western Europe. It begins by outlining the character of the region nad proceeds with an exploration of demographic and cultural features, including migration and ethnic groups. The political organisation of nations and regions are analysed along with regional change and development. The study concludes with a consideration of key issues central to the geography of social well-being such as regional convergence/divergence and the impact of public expenditure patterns.
The Other Western Europe
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Author : Earl H. Fry
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
The Other Western Europe written by Earl H. Fry and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Political Science categories.
The Extreme Right In Western Europe
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Author : Elisabeth Carter
language : en
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Release Date : 2005-10-07
The Extreme Right In Western Europe written by Elisabeth Carter and has been published by Manchester University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-10-07 with Political Science categories.
This book examines the reasons behind the variation in the electoral fortunes of the West European parties of the extreme Right in the period since the late 1970s. It proposes a number of different explanations as to why certain parties of the extreme Right have performed better than others at the polls and it investigates each of these different explanations systematically and in depth.
Coalition Governance In Western Europe
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Author : Torbjörn Bergman
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021
Coalition Governance In Western Europe written by Torbjörn Bergman and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Political Science categories.
This book studies such governments, covering the full life-cycle of coalitions from the formation of party alliances before elections to coalition formation after elections.