Quality And Safety Of Bovine Raw Milk
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Quality And Safety Of Bovine Raw Milk
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Author : Tapani Alatossava
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Quality And Safety Of Bovine Raw Milk written by Tapani Alatossava and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Electronic books categories.
The dairy, as an essential agricultural activity, plays a vital role in global food production systems. Irrespective of the regions or countries, milk producers are confronted with several and sometimes contradictory challenges: achieving food security, reaching economic profitability while responding to sustainable development goals. The quality and safety of raw milk are essential for the manufacture of dairy products. For the preservation of raw milk, two options are proposed by the FAO: cold storage or the activated lactoperoxidase system. Worldwide, mostly farmers attempt to ,Äúproduce,Äù raw milk for which the bacterial content does not exceed 100,000 (105) cfu/ml: due to the particularities of milk production and handling and numerous contamination risks, it is difficult to always reach this goal. Our group has evaluated an N2 gas flushing-based technology, as a supplementary or alternative hurdle to prevent bacterial development, such as to preserve the quality and safety of raw milk during its storage and transportation from farms to processing sites. We discuss here its potential compared to other options.
Improving The Safety And Quality Of Milk
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Author : Mansel W Griffiths
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2010-04-21
Improving The Safety And Quality Of Milk written by Mansel W Griffiths and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Consumers demand quality milk with a reasonable shelf-life, a requirement that can be met more successfully by the milk industry through use of improved processes and technologies. Guaranteeing the production of safe milk also remains of paramount importance. Improving the safety and quality of milk provides a comprehensive and timely reference to best practice and research advances in these areas. Volume 1 focuses on milk production and processing. Volume 2 covers the sensory and nutritional quality of cow’s milk and addresses quality improvement of a range of other milk-based products. The health aspects of milk, its role in the diet and milk-based functional foods are the focus of the opening section of Volume 2. Part two reviews essential aspects of milk quality, including milk microbial spoilage and chemical deterioration, sensory evaluation, factors affecting milk vitamin and mineral content and the impact of packaging on quality. Chapters in part three look at improving particular products, such as organic milk, goat milk and sheep milk. The impact of milk on the quality of yoghurt and cheese is also covered. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, volume 2 of Improving the safety and quality of milk is an essential reference for researchers and those in industry responsible for milk safety and quality. Examines the sensory and nutritional quality of cow's milk and addresses quality improvement of a range of other milk-based products Reviews the health aspects of milk and its role in the diet, as well as the essential aspects of milk quality, including microbial spoilage and chemical deterioration, sensory evaluation and factors affecting milk vitamin and mineral content Discusses various application requirements of milk such as milk quality requirements in yoghurt-making, cheesemaking, infant formulas and applications of milk components in products other than foods
Improving The Safety And Quality Of Milk
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Author : M. Griffiths
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2010-04-08
Improving The Safety And Quality Of Milk written by M. Griffiths and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Consumers demand quality milk with a reasonable shelf-life, a requirement that can be met more successfully by the milk industry through use of improved processes and technologies. Guaranteeing the production of safe milk also remains of paramount importance. Improving the safety and quality of milk provides a comprehensive and timely reference to best practice and research advances in these areas. Volume 1 focuses on milk production and processing. Volume 2 covers the sensory and nutritional quality of cow’s milk and addresses quality improvement of a range of other milk-based products.The opening section of Volume 1: Milk production and processing introduces milk biochemistry and raw milk microbiology. Part two then reviews major milk contaminants, such as bacterial pathogens, pesticides and veterinary residues. The significance of milk production on the farm for product quality and safety is the focus of Part three. Chapters cover the effects of cows’ diet and mastitis, among other topics. Part four then reviews the state-of-the-art in milk processing. Improving the quality of pasteurised milk and UHT milk and novel non-thermal processing methods are among the subjects treated.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, volume 1 of Improving the safety and quality of milk is an essential reference for researchers and those in industry responsible for milk safety and quality. Addresses consumer demand for improved processes and technologies in the production, safety and quality of milk and milk products Reviews the major milk contaminants including bacterial pathogens, pesticides and vetinary residues as well as the routes of contamination, analytical techniques and methods of control Examines the latest advances in milk processing methods to improve the quality and safety of milk such as modelling heat processing, removal of bacteria and microfiltration techniques
Milk Quality
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Author : F. Harding
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-12-14
Milk Quality written by F. Harding and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Milk has played a major contribution to the human diet in many different countries across the world since the dawn of time. The dairy cow was domesticated over 6000 years ago, she was the object of worship in the Middle East 2000 years before Christ, and milk and milk products are mentioned more than 50 times in the Bible. Milk and dairy products have become a major part of the human diet in many countries. It is not surprising therefore, that over many years considerable attention has been paid to improving the quality of milk. We have worked to improve the yield, the compositional quality and the hygienic quality, and have striven to minimise the level of contaminants which can find access to this, perhaps our most natural, unrefined and highly nutritious foodstuff. The chain of people involved in the milk industry extends from milk production-farmers, veterinarians and farm advisors-through transport to processing-quality controllers, manufacturers-and on to retailers, legislators, nutritionists, dairy educators and consumers. All will be interested in the quality parameters of milk which are reg ularly measured for commercial reasons, for trade, for legal requirements and for reasons of nutrition.
Raw Milk
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Author : Luis Augusto Nero
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2018-09-11
Raw Milk written by Luis Augusto Nero and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Raw Milk: Balance Between Hazards and Benefits provides an in-depth nutritional and safety analysis of raw milk. This high-quality reference is comprised of contributions from global researchers highly specialized in the field. The book is divided into five sections that address the characteristics of raw milk, production guidelines and concerns, the benefits and hazards of raw milk, and the current market for raw milk. Topics include production physiology and microbiology, rules and guidelines for production, the world market for raw milk and its products, and consumer acceptance. A final section identifies future trends and research needs related to raw milk. Provides current information related to raw milk’s characteristics Presents worldwide coverage of raw milk production and government guidelines Addresses the benefits and hazards related to raw milk consumption Analyzes the worldwide economic impact of raw milk production and consumption
Food Safety Management
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Author : Y. Motarjemi
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-11-01
Food Safety Management written by Y. Motarjemi and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
In many countries of the world, the dairy industry is one of the most important food sectors and it has, by and large, been very successful in providing safe products. Nevertheless, the dairy sector, like other food sectors, also has its challenges, as from farm to the point of consumption, dairy products can become contaminated with a broad range of microbial and chemical hazards. The sources of contamination are multiple and the pathways are complex. Contamination of milk can occur directly by dairy animals shedding pathogens into the milk, or indirectly by contamination of the milk during the milking process, collection and transportation. Infected animals or asymptomatic carriers can shed the organisms in the feces and contaminate the milk through the environment. Other sources of environmental contamination are water, pests, soil, feces, pets and contaminated feed. Infected farmers, not respecting hand hygiene, are also a potential source of contamination of milk. During milking, collection and transportation, milk can be subjected to further contamination by the equipment and/or be subjected to time–temperature abuse, creating optimum conditions for microbial growth. Hence, ensuring safety of milk and dairy products starts on the farm with animal health, quality of feed, a hygienic environment and, in general, good animal husbandry. Nevertheless, pasteurization of milk is necessary to kill any surviving organisms and reduce the risk of illness to an acceptable level. Provided that hygienic measures are taken to prevent any post-process contamination, milk and dairy products can be produced and consumed safely. The present chapter reviews risks and control measures all along the production chain.
Quality And Safety Of Raw Milk And Its Impact On Milk And Milk Products
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Quality And Safety Of Raw Milk And Its Impact On Milk And Milk Products written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
Quality Milk Production And Processing Technology
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Author : D. K. Thompkinson
language : en
Publisher: New India Publishing Agency
Release Date : 2012-01-01
Quality Milk Production And Processing Technology written by D. K. Thompkinson and has been published by New India Publishing Agency this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with Dairy processing categories.
Dairying is an integral part of the diverse system of agriculture that prevails in India and therefore, plays a vital role in agricultural economy and food Production of the country. It provides essential food value in the form of milk and milk products to the millions of the country's inhabitants. Dairying is the major source of Income for the rural masses, as about 70% of the population comprises of small, marginal and br> Landless farmers who benefit directly from dairying activities. India has about 15% of the global cattle population, 56% of the world's buffalo population and accounts for 15-16% of the word's annual milk production. The growth in milk production is about 4%. India stands tall among the milk producing countries with an annual production of about 120 million metric tons, though the organized sector handles only about 30% of the total milk produced. The authors with their strengths of academics and research in the discipline of dairy technology have been involved in developing manpower for the dairy industry and imparting training at an Institute of National repute. This book is the result of their strong feeling of the need to compile information and integrate traditional and novel technologies that exist worldwide in the processing of liquid milk. The book has been organized in various chapters that include the history of dairy development in India, procurement and consumption pattern of milk, processing, quality assurance and packaging of fluid milk products and food safety laws. The authors hope that this work will serve the students of dairy technology in the country and also provide a ready reference to the teachers involved in shaping the human Resource needs of the Indian dairy industry.
Effect Of Processing On Bovine Milk Quality Attributes For Human Consumption
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Author : Rachit Saxena
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Effect Of Processing On Bovine Milk Quality Attributes For Human Consumption written by Rachit Saxena and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
"Bovine milk is primarily the food given to the new born infants (after a period of six month or more). It makes the bone stronger and helps in the overall growth and development of the human body. However, almost 2-6 % infants are suffering from Cow milk allergy across the globe. This highlights an important issue as "how the cow milk can be rendered safe for consumption to these allergic patients". The proteins are responsible for allergic reactions inside the immune system and hence it would be essential to study the behavior of proteins as a slight deviation in its structural form can either increase or decrease allergic reactions.The scientific community worldwide have done extensive research in understanding the effect of thermal and non-thermal processing on cow milk proteins. To date, pasteurization techniques (HTST-high temperature short time and UHT- ultra-high temperature) are used in food industries for processing of cow milk. This step is done to ensure that there are no viable microorganisms present in the milk which can cause spoilage of milk and to extend the keeping quality and shelf-life of cow milk and derived products. However, every process is associated with certain sets of pros and cons. Although the processing techniques can increase the shelf life and keeping quality, it denatures the proteins present in the milk as well. The denaturation of protein could affect the nutrient quality and might change the behavior of the protein in its functionality and hence have direct effect on the allergenicity. In this study, the effect of thermal processing (Microwave processing), non-thermal processing (Ultrasound processing) and combined thermal and non-thermal processing (thermosonication = thermal treatment at 63°C + Ultrasonication) have been analyzed on the secondary structure of Cow milk with the help of Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The FTIR studies showed that during microwave treatment, there was a decrease in [alpha]-helices with a corresponding increase in the [beta]-sheets and turns whereas for ultrasonication and thermosonication, there was an increase in the [alpha]-helices and decrease in the [beta]-sheets compared to control (raw milk sample). Ultrasonicated samples showed the highest In-vitro Protein digestibility followed by microwave and thermosonicated samples suggesting that structural changes have affected the digestibility of protein. Microbial analysis has also been carried out to observe the effects of non-thermal processing techniques on Listeria Monocytogenes which is considered as a major food borne pathogen in food industries. There was a 3-log cycle reduction achieved with the help of ultrasonication at 9 min and a 7-log cycle reduction was observed when ultrasound was applied with a heating of the samples at 63°C suggesting that thermosonication can be a promising technique in ensuring the safety of milk and milk derived products.Molecular dynamics (MD) studies have also been conducted to analyze the behavior of bovine b-lactoglobulin under the influence of high temperatures and combined high temperatures and oscillating electric field. Bovine b-lactoglobulin has been opted for the study because it is considered as one of the major allergen in cow milk which is responsible for causing adverse allergic reactions in cow milk. The properties such as Root mean square deviation (RMSD), radius of gyration (Rg), Dipole moment, Solvent Accessible surface area (SASA) and Root mean square fluctuations of atoms have been studied which are essential to observe the behavior of protein molecule. The results have showed that there was more structural deviation during combined thermal and oscillating electric field as compared to thermal treatment alone. Moreover, results obtained from root mean square fluctuations of atoms gives valuable insight in depicting the allergic behavior of allergen epitopes during thermal and combined thermal and oscillating electric field treatment. " --
Dairy Production And Processing
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Author : John R. Campbell
language : en
Publisher: Waveland Press
Release Date : 2016-01-29
Dairy Production And Processing written by John R. Campbell and has been published by Waveland Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A productive dairy industry is vital to providing safe, high-quality milk that fulfills the nutritional needs of people of all ages around the world. In order to achieve that goal, Campbell and Marshall present a timely, lucid, and comprehensive look at today’s dairy industry. Dairy Production and Processing offers not only a fundamental understanding of dairy animals, dairy products, and the production aspects of each, but also a wealth of applied information on the scope of the current milk and milk products industry. The application of basic sciences and technologies throughout the text will serve students well not only as they learn the first principles of dairy science, but also as a professional reference in their careers. Study questions can be found at the conclusion of each chapter, along with relevant and informative websites. An extensive glossary is provided to enable readers to expand their knowledge of selected terms. Topics found in this instructive and insightful text include: • an overview of the dairy industry, • dairy herd breeding and records, • the feeding and care of dairy cattle, sheep, goats, and water buffalo, • important principles of milking and milking facilities, • dairy farm management, • milk quality and safety, and • the production of milk and milk products.