R Calculus
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R Calculus A Logic Of Belief Revision
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Author : Wei Li
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-11-01
R Calculus A Logic Of Belief Revision written by Wei Li and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-01 with Computers categories.
This book introduces new models based on R-calculus and theories of belief revision for dealing with large and changing data. It extends R-calculus from first-order logic to propositional logic, description logics, modal logic and logic programming, and from minimal change semantics to subset minimal change, pseudo-subformula minimal change and deduction-based minimal change (the last two minimal changes are newly defined). And it proves soundness and completeness theorems with respect to the minimal changes in these logics. To make R-calculus computable, an approximate R-calculus is given which uses finite injury priority method in recursion theory. Moreover, two applications of R-calculus are given to default theory and semantic inheritance networks. This book offers a rich blend of theory and practice. It is suitable for students, researchers and practitioners in the field of logic. Also it is very useful for all those who are interested in data, digitization and correctness and consistency of information, in modal logics, non monotonic logics, decidable/undecidable logics, logic programming, description logics, default logics and semantic inheritance networks.
A First Course In Calculus
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Author : Serge Lang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-09-17
A First Course In Calculus written by Serge Lang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-17 with Mathematics categories.
The purpose of a first course in calculus is to teach the student the basic notions of derivative and integral, and the basic techniques and applica tions which accompany them. The very talented students, with an ob vious aptitude for mathematics, will rapidly require a course in functions of one real variable, more or less as it is understood by professional is not primarily addressed to them (although mathematicians. This book I hope they will be able to acquire from it a good introduction at an early age). I have not written this course in the style I would use for an advanced monograph, on sophisticated topics. One writes an advanced monograph for oneself, because one wants to give permanent form to one's vision of some beautiful part of mathematics, not otherwise ac cessible, somewhat in the manner of a composer setting down his sym phony in musical notation. This book is written for the students to give them an immediate, and pleasant, access to the subject. I hope that I have struck a proper com promise, between dwelling too much on special details and not giving enough technical exercises, necessary to acquire the desired familiarity with the subject. In any case, certain routine habits of sophisticated mathematicians are unsuitable for a first course. Rigor. This does not mean that so-called rigor has to be abandoned.
Calculus Of Variations
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Author : Charles R. MacCluer
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 2013-05-20
Calculus Of Variations written by Charles R. MacCluer and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-20 with Mathematics categories.
First truly up-to-date treatment offers a simple introduction to optimal control, linear-quadratic control design, and more. Broad perspective features numerous exercises, hints, outlines, and appendixes, including a practical discussion of MATLAB. 2005 edition.
Concrete Functional Calculus
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Author : R. M. Dudley
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-11-03
Concrete Functional Calculus written by R. M. Dudley and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11-03 with Mathematics categories.
Concrete Functional Calculus focuses primarily on differentiability of some nonlinear operators on functions or pairs of functions. This includes composition of two functions, and the product integral, taking a matrix- or operator-valued coefficient function into a solution of a system of linear differential equations with the given coefficients. For nonlinear integral equations with respect to possibly discontinuous functions having unbounded variation, existence and uniqueness of solutions are proved under suitable assumptions. Key features and topics: * Extensive usage of p-variation of functions * Applications to stochastic processes. This work will serve as a thorough reference on its main topics for researchers and graduate students with a background in real analysis and, for Chapter 12, in probability.
Inside Calculus
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Author : George R. Exner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1999-12-22
Inside Calculus written by George R. Exner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-12-22 with Mathematics categories.
The approach here relies on two beliefs. The first is that almost nobody fully understands calculus the first time around. The second is that graphing calculators can be used to simplify the theory of limits for students. This book presents the theoretical pieces of introductory calculus, using appropriate technology, in a style suitable to accompany almost any first calculus text. It offers a large range of increasingly sophisticated examples and problems to build an understanding of the notion of limit and other theoretical concepts. Aimed at students who will study fields in which the understanding of calculus as a tool is not sufficient, the text uses the "spiral approach" of teaching, returning again and again to difficult topics, anticipating such returns across the calculus courses in preparation for the first analysis course. Suitable as the "content" text for a transition to upper level mathematics course.
Advanced Calculus Revised Edition
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Author : Lynn Harold Loomis
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
Release Date : 2014-02-26
Advanced Calculus Revised Edition written by Lynn Harold Loomis and has been published by World Scientific Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-26 with Mathematics categories.
An authorised reissue of the long out of print classic textbook, Advanced Calculus by the late Dr Lynn Loomis and Dr Shlomo Sternberg both of Harvard University has been a revered but hard to find textbook for the advanced calculus course for decades.This book is based on an honors course in advanced calculus that the authors gave in the 1960's. The foundational material, presented in the unstarred sections of Chapters 1 through 11, was normally covered, but different applications of this basic material were stressed from year to year, and the book therefore contains more material than was covered in any one year. It can accordingly be used (with omissions) as a text for a year's course in advanced calculus, or as a text for a three-semester introduction to analysis.The prerequisites are a good grounding in the calculus of one variable from a mathematically rigorous point of view, together with some acquaintance with linear algebra. The reader should be familiar with limit and continuity type arguments and have a certain amount of mathematical sophistication. As possible introductory texts, we mention Differential and Integral Calculus by R Courant, Calculus by T Apostol, Calculus by M Spivak, and Pure Mathematics by G Hardy. The reader should also have some experience with partial derivatives.In overall plan the book divides roughly into a first half which develops the calculus (principally the differential calculus) in the setting of normed vector spaces, and a second half which deals with the calculus of differentiable manifolds.
The Calculus Of Computation
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Author : Aaron R. Bradley
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-09-18
The Calculus Of Computation written by Aaron R. Bradley and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-18 with Computers categories.
Computational logic is a fast-growing field with applications in artificial intelligence, constraint solving, and the design and verification of software and hardware systems. Written with graduate and advanced undergraduate students in mind, this textbook introduces computational logic from the foundations of first-order logic to state-of-the-art decision procedures for arithmetic, data structures, and combination theories. This textbook also presents a logical approach to engineering correct software. The increasing ubiquity of computers makes implementing correct systems more important than ever. Verification exercises develop the reader's facility in specifying and verifying software using logic. The treatment of verification concludes with an introduction to the static analysis of software, an important component of modern verification systems. For readers interested in learning more about computational logic, decision procedures, verification, and other areas of formal methods, the final chapter outlines courses of further study.
Mathematical Logic
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Author : Wei Li
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-11-07
Mathematical Logic written by Wei Li and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-07 with Mathematics categories.
Mathematical logic is a branch of mathematics that takes axiom systems and mathematical proofs as its objects of study. This book shows how it can also provide a foundation for the development of information science and technology. The first five chapters systematically present the core topics of classical mathematical logic, including the syntax and models of first-order languages, formal inference systems, computability and representability, and Gödel’s theorems. The last five chapters present extensions and developments of classical mathematical logic, particularly the concepts of version sequences of formal theories and their limits, the system of revision calculus, proschemes (formal descriptions of proof methods and strategies) and their properties, and the theory of inductive inference. All of these themes contribute to a formal theory of axiomatization and its application to the process of developing information technology and scientific theories. The book also describes the paradigm of three kinds of language environments for theories and it presents the basic properties required of a meta-language environment. Finally, the book brings these themes together by describing a workflow for scientific research in the information era in which formal methods, interactive software and human invention are all used to their advantage. The second edition of the book includes major revisions on the proof of the completeness theorem of the Gentzen system and new contents on the logic of scientific discovery, R-calculus without cut, and the operational semantics of program debugging. This book represents a valuable reference for graduate and undergraduate students and researchers in mathematics, information science and technology, and other relevant areas of natural sciences. Its first five chapters serve as an undergraduate text in mathematical logic and the last five chapters are addressed to graduate students in relevant disciplines.
Calculus
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Author : Howard Anton
language : en
Publisher: Wiley
Release Date : 1997-12-04
Calculus written by Howard Anton and has been published by Wiley this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-12-04 with Mathematics categories.
This text is aimed at future engineers and professional scientists. Applications modules at the ends of chapters demonstrate the need to relate theoretical mathematical concepts to real world examples. These modules examine problem-solving as it occurs in industry or research settings, such as the use of wavelets in music and voice synthesis and in FBI fingerprint analysis and storage.
Calculus
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Author : James Stewart
language : en
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Release Date : 2006
Calculus written by James Stewart and has been published by Cengage Learning this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Calculus categories.
Stewart's CALCULUS: CONCEPTS AND CONTEXTS, 3rd Edition focuses on major concepts and supports them with precise definitions, patient explanations, and carefully graded problems. Margin notes clarify and expand on topics presented in the body of the text. The Tools for Enriching Calculus CD-ROM contains visualizations, interactive modules, and homework hints that enrich your learning experience. iLrn Homework helps you identify where you need additional help, and Personal Tutor with SMARTHINKING gives you live, one-on-one online help from an experienced calculus tutor. In addition, the Interactive Video Skillbuilder CD-ROM takes you step-by-step through examples from the book. The new Enhanced Review Edition includes new practice tests with solutions, to give you additional help with mastering the concepts needed to succeed in the course.