Regional Integration Agreements
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Integration Of Markets Vs Integration By Agreements
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Author : Nathalie Aminian
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2008
Integration Of Markets Vs Integration By Agreements written by Nathalie Aminian and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Regional Integration And The Global Trading System
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Author : Kym Anderson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Regional Integration And The Global Trading System written by Kym Anderson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Commerce categories.
Discusses questions surrounding the relationship between regional integration agreements and the global trading system. It has been revised following a conference at the GATT and forms part of the background material for a study in the GATT Secretariat's annual report, "International Trade".
Regional Trade And Economic Integration
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Author : R. Upendra Das
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2012
Regional Trade And Economic Integration written by R. Upendra Das and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Business & Economics categories.
The Asia-Pacific region has emerged as a dominant player in trade and will continue to be an influential pole of world trade and economics, with the center of gravity shifting to this region. This book presents analytical insights into the various regional and bilateral trade agreements (RTAs) and their beneficial effects on bilateral trade and development. It provides an incisive analysis and a roundup of all major RTAs and also presents an overview of all major agreements between the countries involved, which might propel their trade flows and influence future economic engagements. The book in a novel way also discusses possible obstacles that are encountered during the implementation of RTAs and circumvention routes, once those taken into account could ensure the successful execution of the agreements. The book dwells on the issue of regionalism and multilateralism with reference to General Agreements on Trade and Tariffs and World Trade Organisation, which have revolutionized the trade dynamics by opening up new areas of trade-rules and formulating specific policy guidelines for the member countries to adhere to during trade negotiations. The book also provides new insights into some of the issues of negotiations such as sensitive lists, trade and investment cooperation, including trade in services, rules of origin, non-tariff barriers, anti-dumping etc. The book also focuses on policy instruments that could convert trade gains to development gains. The existing economic cooperation arrangements in the region as well as those that are at various stages of study and negotiations, empirical insights and policy suggestions are elucidated in detail.
Regional Integration And Development
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Author : Maurice W. Schiff
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2003
Regional Integration And Development written by Maurice W. Schiff and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Business & Economics categories.
This text examines regionalism from the perspective of developing countries. It presents a comprehensive account of existing theory and empirical results and incorporates the findings of formal analyses ofthe politics and dynamics of regionalism.
Legal Aspects Of The Regional Integration Processes In The Post Soviet Area
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Author : Zhenis Kembayev
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-02-03
Legal Aspects Of The Regional Integration Processes In The Post Soviet Area written by Zhenis Kembayev and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-03 with Law categories.
Legal Aspects of the Regional Integration Processes in the Post-Soviet Area is the first ever comprehensive overview of regional integration processes in the territory of the former USSR introducing the core concepts of regional integration theory and presenting a solid foundation of factual information regarding all the regional integration agreements (RIAs) operating in the Eurasian landmass and consisting of the former Soviet republics. The book analyzes the legal nature and background of the regional integration in the framework of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Russian-Belarusian Union, the Single Economic Space, the Eurasian Economic Community and the Collective Security Treaty Organization. It also deals with the RIAs created outside of the Russian control in the format of GUAM and among Central Asian countries. Finally, the book contains conclusive remarks attempting to assess the possibility of the creation of an Eurasian Union.
Regional Integration As Diplomacy
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Author : Maurice Schiff
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Regional Integration As Diplomacy written by Maurice Schiff and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This paper explores a world in which regional trade agreements help reduce security tensions between neighbors.Regional integration agreements (RIAs) are examples of second best and have an ambiguous impact on welfare, contend Schiff and Winters.They build a model in which RIAs unambiguously raise welfare by correcting for externalities. It assumes that trade between neighboring countries increases trust between them and reduces the likelihood of conflict.The optimum intervention in that case is a subsidy on imports from the neighbor. The authors show that an equivalent solution is for the neighboring countries to tax imports from the rest of the world - is, to form an RIA - with imposing some domestic taxes.In fact, security threats have moved neighboring countries to form RIAs. Examples include the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community (1951) and the European Economic Community (1957) to reduce the threat of war in Europe, as well as various RIAs among developing countries.Schiff and Winters show, among other things, that:- The optimum tariffs on imports from the rest of the world are likely to decline over time.- Deep integration implies lower optimum external tariffs if it is exogenous.- But if deep integration is endogenous, it implies higher optimum external tariffs before it occurs and lower ones thereafter.- Enlargement of a bloc (in terms of symmetric countries) has an ambiguous impact on external tariffs but improves welfare, and some form of domino effect exists in the sense that enlargement increases the incentive for nonmembers to seek accession.Although externalities associated with security matters imply that an RIA may maximize welfare, this model suggests that the RIA is a transitory arrangement in the sense that optimum trade preferences are highest at the time the RIA is formed (when security is low) and tend to decline over time. In other words, the RIA's external trade policy becomes increasingly open over time (as well as following deep integration).This paper - a product of the Development Research Group - is part of a larger research program on regionalism and development (directed by the authors).
Multilateral Vs Regional Economic Integration The Middle East And North African Region
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Author : Benjamin Hätinger
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2010-09-01
Multilateral Vs Regional Economic Integration The Middle East And North African Region written by Benjamin Hätinger and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-01 with Political Science categories.
Diploma Thesis from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 2,3, University of Hohenheim, language: English, abstract: In this study it is intended to investigate today ́s actual economic interdependence of what we would call the Middle East and North African (MENA) region and to analyze its economic interweaving, both among its member countries and into the global trading system. Being aware of the complexity and breadth of this topic, the author has chosen only three subset economic integration agreements, both between the countries of the MENA region (intraregional) – also comprising a subregional agreement – and between the MENA region and other regions (interregional), for closer analysis. Concerning the efforts made towards interregional economic integration, this thesis concentrates mainly on the so-called EU-MED Partnership which was initiated at the Barcelona Conference in 1995 and aims to establish an EU-Med Free Trade Area (EMFTA) by the year 2010 including the EU and the 12 so-called Mediterranean countries which, apart from Malta, Cyprus and Turkey, all belong to the MENA region. In contrast, on the intraregional level, the latest initiative in 1997 will be examined, where 17 out of 22 Arab League member states - all of which also belong to the MENA region apart from Sudan – joined to constitute a “Greater Arab Free Trade Area” (GAFTA, mainly to get rid of traditional trade barriers for goods. On the smaller subregional level, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), consisting of 6 Gulf countries, which plans the establishment of a common currency by 2010, will be examined more closely. With GAFTA, GCC and the EU-MED Partnership all being in a different depth of integration and each representing one of the three different levels of integration (subregional, intraregional, interregional), the author holds the view that this choice reflects the actual state of integration in the region best. In a nutshell, this study tests the compatibility and correlation of the two different integration trends – multilateral and regional – using the example of the MENA region. Are they supplements or substitutes? Does regional integration inhibit or facilitate multilateral integration or vice versa? Are the above-mentioned regional integration arrangements contradictory, compatible or even mutually dependent? By approaching these questions the reader is to gain some insight into the so-called “Spaghetti Bowl” of cross-cutting integration agreements in the region.
Rules Of Origin And The Web Of East Asian Free Trade Agreements
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Author : Miriam Manchin
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2007
Rules Of Origin And The Web Of East Asian Free Trade Agreements written by Miriam Manchin and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Bilateral free trade agreements categories.
The authors provide an overview of the preferential rules of origin in East Asia, highlighting the aspects that might possibly generate some trade-chilling effects. They review characteristics of existing preferential trade agreements with special emphasis on lessons from the European experience, and analyze some important features of the existing rules of origin in East and South-East Asian regional integration agreements. The empirical analysis of the effectiveness of preferentialism on intra-regional trade flows focuses on the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), with the aim of providing a rough estimate of the costs of requesting preferences. The results suggest that preferential tariffs favorably affect intra-regional imports only at very high margins (around 25 percentage points). This points to the likelihood of high administrative costs attached to the exploitation of preferences, particularly with regard to the compliance with AFTA's rules of origin.
The Asia Pacific Trade Agreement
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Author : Joong-Wan Cho
language : en
Publisher: UN
Release Date : 2016
The Asia Pacific Trade Agreement written by Joong-Wan Cho and has been published by UN this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Political Science categories.
International trade and investment have enabled many countries in the Asia-Pacific region to boost economic growth and have lifted millions out of poverty. As the Asia-Pacific region continues to thrive economically, trade and investment barriers are being dissolved and eliminated. As countries begin to depend on each other more, trade policy is gradually becoming a useful measure to achieve inclusive and sustainable development. Trade and investment are linked to the environment and social issues; hence, their impacts are also multi-dimensional. It has now been recognized that sustainable production and consumption are essential for sustainable development. Countries realize that they are not able to approach global and regional problems on their own and require cooperation, both at the level of government and business. As a result, the region has been active in concluding regional cooperation frameworks which routinely are centered on trade and investment. In the meantime, business has forged regional integration through the formation of regional value chains and production networks while governments have paved the way for the expansion of such production networks through the formation of regional trade agreements and economic partnerships. Thus, the Asia Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA), which is the oldest preferential trade agreement in the region with a large consumer base, can play an important role in filling this gap. Given a slow progress in the multilateral negotiations in the WTO, especially when the members have started questioning the utility of the negotiations after 15 years, and a lack of consensus on how to move forward, the regional trade agreements can play a vital role. Even if they pose a challenge to the multilateralism, selected liberalisation of trade and economy in present time can become a building block for future multilateral negotiations. One of the reasons for the surge in these preferential trade agreements is to make binding commitments on WTO-plus and WTO-beyond issues. While there are many agreements that exist in Asia and the Pacific, there is no such attempt to consolidate them in one umbrella framework. Understanding the benefits of the consolidation, one such initiative was started by ESCAP a few years back. The RECI initiate for market integration could well be facilitated by APTA; however, it cannot deliver unless it transforms itself in a new generation agreement. Regional integration and cooperation are also important to meet the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. Instead of wasting resources in discussing a new institutional framework, it would be more effective to use the existing framework and for the Asia-Pacific economies, the APTA provides an existing institutional platform. The cases discussed in this book prepare a ground for the future, and it is expected that all the stakeholders, member States of ESCAP, private sector as well as researchers would benefit from this publication on APTA: South-South Regional Integration and Sustainable Development.
Regional Economic Integration And Globalization
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Author : Michael Cora
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2016-04
Regional Economic Integration And Globalization written by Michael Cora and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04 with categories.
***The GATT/WTO system has been founded on the fundamental principle of non- discrimation. However, the system has also allowed exceptional cases to this principle through several arrangements. ***The leading examples of these cases are Regional Integration Agreements (RIAs).The concept of regionalization, is associated with the development of the institutional conditions for the shift of goods and production between countries. ***In the center of the regionalization process there is a function of integration groups, which currently are of great importance in the world economy. ***The number, size, and degree of relationships between countries which participate in integration agreements make it an important phenomenon and unique feature of the current phase of globalizationThere are also many different attitudes on the relationship between globalization and regionalism (integration). Some join them, other contradict. ***Regionalism and globalization mutually support themselves in the sense that regionalism is often the stage of globalization.Regionalization may indeed by stimulating the local markets and by creating a competitive environment in the region enhance microeconomic forces necessary for responding to the needs of globalization. However, there are important integration features for the defense against globalization as a process of differentiating and marginalizing some societies. ***In the case of integration we can count on a better protection against volatility of financial markets and against monetary crisis.