Regulating Chemical Accumulation In The Environment
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Regulating Chemical Accumulation In The Environment
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Author : Timothy M. Swanson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1998-12-10
Regulating Chemical Accumulation In The Environment written by Timothy M. Swanson and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-12-10 with Science categories.
The environment has become exposed to a range of damaging contaminants from a wide variety of sources. Regulation of and legislation against offending parties has frequently been hampered because of the difficulty of co-operation between disparate disciplines in the natural, social and political sciences. This volume forms the conclusion of five years' collaboration between toxicologists, economists and lawyers in the understanding and solution of the problem of accumulative chemicals. As well as a case study of the accumulation of pesticides in groundwater in one particular region (the European Union), the book forms a general study of the value of interdisciplinary approaches in environmental policy making. The volume will be a valuable resource for a broad group of academics and researchers in the area of environmental science and environmental policy. It will also form a useful supplementary reference text for courses in environmental policy, science, economics and toxicology.
Regulating Chemical Accumulation In The Environment
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Author : Timothy M. Swanson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998-12-10
Regulating Chemical Accumulation In The Environment written by Timothy M. Swanson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-12-10 with Environmental chemistry categories.
This volume forms the conclusion of a collaboration between toxicologists, economists and lawyers in the understanding and solution of the problem of accumulative chemicals. It will be a valuable resource for a broad group of researchers in environmental science and policy, and will also form a useful supplementary reference text for courses in environmental policy, science, economics and toxicology.
Toxicants Health And Regulation Since 1945
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Author : Nathalie Jas
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-10-06
Toxicants Health And Regulation Since 1945 written by Nathalie Jas and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-06 with History categories.
The number of substances potentially dangerous to our health and environment is constantly increasing. The papers in this volume examine the concurrent rise of pollutants and the regulations designed to police their use.
Bioaccumulation Of Xenobiotic Compounds
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Author : Des W. Connell
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1989-11-30
Bioaccumulation Of Xenobiotic Compounds written by Des W. Connell and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-11-30 with Science categories.
BIOACCUMULATION of XENOBIOTIC COMPOUNDS is one of the very few - if not only - books written exclusively related to this topic. This book comprehensively outlines the principles governing the accumulation of chemicals from the environment by organisms. Packed with tables and diagrams, this work reviews the experimental data available on both terrestrial and aquatic systems. It describes methods which are used to predict bioaccumulation of chemicals from their physicochemical properties. It also reviews environmental and other factors influencing bioaccumulation. This text also includes previously unpublished theoretical explanations of several bioaccumulation processes, including food chain biomagnification. Information in this exceptional volume is useful to government officials involved with environmental management, chemists, biologists, consultants working with chemical waste control, researchers, and graduate students.
Monitoring Human Tissues For Toxic Substances
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1991-02-01
Monitoring Human Tissues For Toxic Substances written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-02-01 with Science categories.
The National Human Monitoring Program (NHMP) identifies concentrations of specific chemicals in human tissues, including toxicologic testing and risk assessment determinations. This volume evaluates the current activities of the NHMP; identifies important scientific, technical, and programmatic issues; and makes recommendations regarding the design of the program and use of its products.
Marine Ecotoxicology
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Author : Julián Blasco
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-08-05
Marine Ecotoxicology written by Julián Blasco and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-05 with Science categories.
Marine Ecotoxicology: Current Knowledge and Future Issues is the first unified resource to cover issues related to contamination, responses, and testing techniques of saltwater from a toxicological perspective. With its unprecedented focus on marine environments and logical chapter progression, this book is useful to graduate students, ecotoxicologists, risk assessors, and regulators involved or interested in marine waters. As human interaction with these environments increases, understanding of the pollutants and toxins introduced into the oceans becomes ever more critical, and this book builds a foundation of knowledge to assist scientists in studying, monitoring, and making decisions that affect both marine environments and human health. A team of world renowned experts provide detailed analyses of the most common contaminants in marine environments and explain the design and purpose of toxicity testing methods, while exploring the future of ecotoxicology studies in relation to the world’s oceans. As the threat of increasing pollution in marine environments becomes an ever more tangible reality, Marine Ecotoxicology offers insights and guidance to mitigate that threat. Provides practical tools and methods for assessing and monitoring the accumulation and effects of contaminants in marine environments Unites world renowned experts in marine ecotoxicology to deliver thorough and diverse perspectives Builds the foundation required for risk assessors and regulators to adequately assess and monitor the impact of pollution in marine environments Offers helpful insights and guidance to graduate students, ecotoxicologists, risk assessors, and regulators interested in mitigating threats to marine waters
Regulation Of Toxic Chemical In The Environment
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Author : Economic Council of Canada
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Regulation Of Toxic Chemical In The Environment written by Economic Council of Canada and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with categories.
Policy Success In An Age Of Gridlock
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Author : Lawrence S. Rothenberg
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-06-27
Policy Success In An Age Of Gridlock written by Lawrence S. Rothenberg and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-27 with Political Science categories.
Since 1990, polarization hindered changing environmental policy statutorily. Yet, in mid-2016 the Lautenberg Act regulating toxics - chemicals employed in commerce - was passed, winning business and environmental support. What might explain this? Has the Trump administration undercut the law's effects? Does the Act's passage portend more progressive actions? We show that the Act was a function of the status quo changing due to regulatory efforts abroad and in the United States, and from outside pressures on business. These influences impacted implementation, with the Trump administration not targeting toxics regulation analogous to other programs. Further, the processes we observe for toxics may not be unique.
Private Regulation On The Environment
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Author : Lily Hsueh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Private Regulation On The Environment written by Lily Hsueh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Chemical industry categories.
In recent decades, in the backdrop of highly constrained government and public sector finances worldwide, private forms of regulation in natural resource and environmental policy have gained political and public salience: there is an increased interest in governance with government rather than governance by government. This dissertation, consisting of three essays, investigates the policy impact of bilateral voluntary agreements, one form of voluntary environmental programs, and the compliance-related decision-making processes involving regulators, corporate actors, and NGO activists that have led to them. The first essay of the dissertation examines the effectiveness of a bilateral voluntary agreement negotiated between the U.S. EPA and the pressure-treated wood industry to ban the use of a poisonous arsenic compound. Unlike earlier studies on voluntary programs, results from dynamic panel estimation and advanced time series techniques show that the voluntary agreement has lowered arsenic use in the U.S. to levels not seen since the 1920s. Moreover, a government-driven information disclosure policy--namely the EPA's Toxic Release Inventory--was effective in decreasing arsenic use, albeit to a lesser magnitude than the industry voluntary ban. Prioritizing environmental protection through financial resources, as measured by Congress-allocated dollars to the EPA, has also reaped environmental benefits. Systematic surveys of key stakeholders provide institutional, political, and economic insights into the impact estimates of the bilateral voluntary agreement on arsenic use. Policy process tracing based on the survey data shows that the pressure-treated wood industry was compelled to engage in beyond-compliance action given the existence of a poison-free substitute, market competitive pressures, and the threat of future regulation. The EPA regulators casted a shadow of public law with the credible threat of future regulation by "steering" or encouraging voluntary action and sanctioning noncompliance once the voluntary beyond compliance action had occurred. Moreover, third-party stakeholders, such as NGO activists, played an important "accountability" role by pressuring for and certifying firms' beyond compliance environmental stewardship. In the second essay, I develop a theoretical framework by building on the multiple streams framework (Kingdon, 1984) to explain the compliance-related decision-making processes and apply it to two cases of "successful" bilateral voluntary agreements in mercury and arsenic use, respectively. Specifically, to the problem, policy, and politics streams of the multiple streams framework I add an economy stream and delineate its key variables. I argue that the economy stream demarcates the roles that product substitutes, market competition, corporate social responsibility, the market changer, and the global economy play in creating incentives for businesses to partake in industry self-regulation. The market changer is a maverick business that engages in an action or a set of actions that completely transforms the modus operandi of the industry in which the market changer operates. While both bilateral voluntary agreements achieved the negotiated chemical reduction objectives, the push and pull of politics, economics, as well as institutional factors led to two distinctive bilateral voluntary agreements: one was an outcome of industry voluntary stewardship and the other was a result of activist campaigns. The final essay employ recently developed, state-of-the-art structural change and unit root tests, as well as cointegration analyses to investigate whether federal regulations since the 1970s have had an effect on toxic chemical use and what the time series properties of the data reveal about policy efficacy over the long-run. I examine whether there is a long-run equilibrium relationship among chemicals that are regulated under the same laws and whether there are clusters of chemicals (e.g., end-use sectors that use the same chemicals) that share a common trend, which could suggest common economic and institutional drivers. Results indicate that while some toxic chemicals have been successfully reduced or phased-out by regulatory efforts, a majority of the toxic chemicals used in commercial products are largely driven by changes in U.S. GDP, industrial production, and private investments in research and development, rather than by common political, economic, and institutional factors, such as government regulations.
Emerging Contaminants In The Environment
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Author : Hemen Sarma
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2022-01-08
Emerging Contaminants In The Environment written by Hemen Sarma and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-08 with Science categories.
Emerging Contaminants in the Environment: Challenges and Sustainable Practices covers all aspects of emerging contaminants in the environment, from basic understanding to different types of emerging contaminants and how these threaten organisms, their environmental fate studies, detection methods, and sustainable practices of dealing with contaminants. Emerging contaminant remediation is a pressing need due to the ever-increasing pollution in the environment, and it has gained a lot of scientific and public attention due to its high effectiveness and sustainability. The discussions in the book on the bioremediation of these contaminants are covered from the perspective of proven technologies and practices through case studies and real-world data. One of the main benefits of this book is that it summarizes future challenges and sustainable solutions. It can, therefore, become an effective guide to the elimination (through sustainable practices) of emerging contaminants. At the back of these explorations on sustainable bioremediation of emerging contaminants lies the set of 17 goals articulated by the United Nations in its 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all its member states. This book provides academics, researchers, students, and practitioners interested in the detection and elimination of emerging contaminants from the environment, with the latest advances by leading experts in emerging contaminants the field of environmental sciences. Covers most aspects of the most predominant emerging contaminants in the environment, including in soil, air, and water Describes the occurrence of these contaminants, the problems they cause, and the sustainable practices to deal with the contaminants Includes data from case studies to provide real-world examples of sustainable practices and emerging contaminant remediation