Regulation Of Angiogenesis
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Regulation Of Angiogenesis
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Author : I.D. Goldberg
language : en
Publisher: Birkhäuser
Release Date : 2013-03-12
Regulation Of Angiogenesis written by I.D. Goldberg and has been published by Birkhäuser this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-12 with Science categories.
We now know that excessive angiogenesis contributes to the development of a variety of disease processes, including cancer, chronic inflammatory disease, and diabetic retinopathy. On the other hand, insufficient angiogenesis may impair wound healing and organ repair. This volume describes recent advances in understanding the molecular regulation of angiogenesis. Subjects covered include important pro-angiogenic growth factors (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor, scatter factor/hepatocyte growth factor) and their receptors; angiogenesis inhibitors (e.g., thrombospondin-1, angiostatin); extracellular matrix factors (e.g., laminin) and specific vascular integrins (avb3 and avb5) that regulate angiogenesis; the roles of fibrin and the fibrinolytic system in angiogenesis; physical factors that regulate angiogenesis (hypoxia, pH); mechanisms by which specific cell types (macrophages, pericytes) regulate angiogenesis; and lymphangiogenesis, a subject often ignored in volumes of this type. Several chapters are also devoted to the prognostic and therapeutic implications of tumor angiogenesis, a subject of great interest to clinicians. Reflecting the latest advances in this exciting and expanding field, this comprehensive and authoritative monograph will prove invaluable to cell biologists, cancer researchers and pharmacologists.
The Regulation Of Angiogenesis By Tissue Cell Macrophage Interactions
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Author : Michal Amit Rahat
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2014-11-03
The Regulation Of Angiogenesis By Tissue Cell Macrophage Interactions written by Michal Amit Rahat and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-03 with Physiology categories.
Angiogenesis is the physiological process where new blood vessels grow from existing ones, in order to replenish tissues suffering from inadequate blood supply. Perhaps the most studied angiogenic process occurs in solid tumors whose growing mass and expanding cells create a constant demand for additional supply of oxygen and nutrients for survival. However, other physiological and clinical conditions, such as wound healing, ischemic events, autoimmune and age-related diseases also involve angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is a well-structured process that begins when oxygen and nutrients are depleted, leading to the release of chemokines and growth factors that attract immune cells, particularly macrophages and endothelial cells to the site. Macrophages that are recruited to the site, as well as tissue cells and endothelial cells, secrete pro-angiogenic mediators that affect endothelial cells and promote angiogenesis. These mediators include growth factors such as vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), as well as low levels of mediators that are usually seen as pro-inflammatory but are pro-angiogenic when secreted in low levels (e.g. nitric oxide (NO) and TNFa). Thus, macrophages play a major role in angiogenesis. Macrophages exhibit high plasticity and are capable of shifting between different activation modes and functions according to their changing microenvironment. Small differences in the composition of activating factors (e.g. TLR ligands such as LPS, anti-inflammatory cytokines, ECM molecules) in the microenvironment may differently activate macrophages to yield classically activated macrophages (or M1 macrophages) that can kill pathogen and tumor cells, alternatively activated macrophages (or M2 macrophages) that secrete antiinflammatory cytokines, resolution macrophages (rM?) that are involved in the resolution of inflammation, or regulatory macrophages (e.g. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells - MDSCs) that control the function of other immune cells. In fact, macrophages may be activated in a spectrum of subsets that may differently contribute to angiogenesis, and in particular non-classically activated macrophages such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and Tie2-expressing monocytes (TEMs) can secrete high amounts of pro-angiogenic factors (e.g. VEGF, MMPs) or low levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (e.g. NO or TNFa) resulting in pro-angiogenic effects. Although the importance of macrophages as major contributors and regulators of the angiogenic process is well documented, less is known about the interactions between macrophages and other cell types (e.g. tumor cells, normal epithelial cells, endothelial cells) that regulate angiogenesis. We still have only limited understanding which proteins or complexes mediate these interactions and whether they require cell-cell contact (e.g. through integrins) or soluble factors (e.g. the EGF-CSF-1 loop), which signaling pathways are triggered in each of the two corresponding cell types, and how this leads to secretion of pro- or antiangiogenic factors in the microenvironment. The regulation of such interactions and through them of angiogenesis, whether through post-translational modifications of proteins or via the involvement of microRNA, is still unclear. The goal of this Research Topic is to highlight these interactions and their regulation in the context of both physiological and pathological conditions.
Angiogenesis And Vascularisation
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Author : Józef Dulak
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2014-02-10
Angiogenesis And Vascularisation written by Józef Dulak and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-10 with Medical categories.
The book presents the overview of the current knowledge in some fields of vascular biology, addressing cellular and molecular aspects of blood-vessel formation and their role in health and disease. The major factors involved in the formation of blood vessels are presented by scientists actively involved in this area of research. Special emphasis is put on the presentation of various molecular mechanisms not addressed in similar works to date. The book is divided into three parts. The first part describes the cells and mediators in angiogenesis. The significance of various populations of potential endothelial progenitors is particularly highlighted. The chapters of the second part focus on molecular mechanisms, with special emphasis on the role of hypoxia, gasotransmitters and reactive oxygen species as well as microRNAs in regulation of angiogenic processes. In the third part, the pathological aspects of disturbed – aggravated or impaired – vascularization are discussed and new modalities for potential therapies are presented. The book is intended for scientists and PhD students in the fields of vascular biology and cancer research. It may be of interest for medical professionals in the fields of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, oncology and rheumatoid arthritis.
Regulation Of Angiogenesis And Lymphangiogenesis By Endothelial Cell Signaling Molecules
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Author : Wei Zheng
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Regulation Of Angiogenesis And Lymphangiogenesis By Endothelial Cell Signaling Molecules written by Wei Zheng and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Regulation Of Angiogenesis By Long Non Coding Rna Rhabdomyosarcoma 2 Associated Transcript
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Author : Maha Alaqeeli
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Regulation Of Angiogenesis By Long Non Coding Rna Rhabdomyosarcoma 2 Associated Transcript written by Maha Alaqeeli and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
"Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have received considerable attention over the past several years. It has been estimated that 68% of ncRNAs in mammalian cells are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are transcripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides. Despite the recent discovery of novel lncRNAs, their functional importance in the regulation of endothelial cell (EC) function including survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation remains unclear. The first report showing that lncRNAs are expressed in human ECs was published in 2014. It was reported that ~56% of the total RNA transcripts in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are ncRNAs, with the majority being lncRNAs. Malat1 was the first lncRNA to be linked to the regulation of angiogenesis and several studies have reported that inhibition of its expression causes significant impairment of angiogenesis.To indentify novel lncRNAs that may regulate angiogenesis, we screened using qPCR arrays the expression of eighty six lncRNAs in HUVECs exposed to angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), an important angiogenesis factor that promotes angiogenesis and inhibits inflammation by activating Tie-2 receptors. Our results revealed that exposure to Ang1 for 12 hours alters the expression of several lncRNAs including CCAT2, RMST, FGF14-AS2, SOX2-OT, and HOTAIR. The functional importance of these lncRNAs in the regulation of angiogenesis is unknown. To confirm that the expression of these six lncRNAs is regulated by angiogenic stimuli, we measured their expression in HUVECs exposed to acute hypoxia and those co-cultured with human lung fibroblasts for seven days (EC differentiation assays). We found that both hypoxia and differentiation into tube-like structures result in significant upregulation of the expression of CCAT2, RMST, FGF14-AS, SOX2-OT and HOTAIR. In subsequent experiments, we focused our5attention on assessing the regulation and functional importance of RMST (Rhabdomyosarcoma 2-associated transcript) in the regulation of angiogenesis processes including EC viability, proliferation, migration and differentiation. We first detected the presence of ten isoforms of RMST in various ECs and non-ECs and evaluated their expression in response to hypoxia. Our results indicate that ten isoforms of RMST lncRNA are expressed in various human endothelial and non-endothelial cells and that acute hypoxia and EC differentiation trigger significant upregulation of RMST isoforms expression. We used a loss-of-function approach (knockdown of RMST expression with selective GapmeRs) to evaluate the functional importance of RMST in regulating in vitro angiogenesis processes. Measurements of EC viability, proliferation, migration and differentiation using crystal violet, BrdU incorporation, scratch wound healing and MatrigelÒ differentiation assays, respectively, revealed that RMST knockdown has a negative effect on EC survival and migration, a pro-capillary formation effect on EC differentiation but exerted no significant effect on EC proliferation. We conclude that RMST is a novel potential regulator of angiogenesis"--
Angiogenesis
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Author : Thomas H. Adair
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2011
Angiogenesis written by Thomas H. Adair and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Medical categories.
Angiogenesis is the growth of blood vessels from the existing vasculature. The field of angiogenesis has grown enormously in the past 30 years, with only 40 papers published in 1980 and nearly 6000 in 2010. Why has there been this explosive growth in angiogenesis research? Angiogenic therapies provide a potential to conquer cancer, heart diseases, and more than 70 of life's most threatening medical conditions. The lives of at least 1 billion people worldwide could be improved with angiogenic therapy, according to the Angiogenesis Foundation. In this little book, we provide a simple approach to understand the essential elements of the angiogenic process, we critique the most powerful angiogenesis assays that are used to discover proangiogenic and antiangiogenic substances, and we provide an in-depth physiological perspective on how angiogenesis is regulated in normal, healthy tissues of the human body. All tissues of the body require a continuous supply of oxygen to burn metabolic substrates that are needed for energy. Oxygen is conducted to these tissues by blood capillaries: more capillaries can improve tissue oxygenation and thus enhance energy production; fewer capillaries can lead to hypoxia and even anoxia in the tissues. This means that angiogenic therapies designed to control the growth and regression of blood capillaries can be used to improve the survival of poorly perfused tissues that are essential to the body (heart, brain, skeletal muscle, etc.) and to rid the body of unwanted tissues (tumors). Table of Contents: Overview of Angiogenesis / Angiogenesis Assays / Regulation: Metabolic Factors / Regulation: Mechanical Factors / Glossary / References / Author Biographies
Regulation Of Angiogenesis And Vascular Remodeling By Angiogenic Factors
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Author : Taren Michelle Grass
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Regulation Of Angiogenesis And Vascular Remodeling By Angiogenic Factors written by Taren Michelle Grass and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Neovascularization categories.
Regulation Of Angiogenesis
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Author : Helena Larsson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Regulation Of Angiogenesis written by Helena Larsson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Regulation Of Angiogenesis By Endothelial Metabolism
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Author : Kerstin Wilhelm
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Regulation Of Angiogenesis By Endothelial Metabolism written by Kerstin Wilhelm and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Regulation Of Angiogenesis In Gliomas And Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells
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Author : Constance Y. Fears
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Regulation Of Angiogenesis In Gliomas And Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells written by Constance Y. Fears and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.