Responses To Economic Change
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Political Responses To Economic Change
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Author : William Marble
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Political Responses To Economic Change written by William Marble and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
The United States economy has undergone profound changes over the past half century. The earlier manufacturing-based economy -- paired with abundant cheap housing, the presence of strong unions, and affordable education -- provided a pathway for Americans to secure a comfortable life. Poorer areas grew faster than richer areas, generating economic convergence across different parts of the country. Over the past 50 years, however, the U.S. has transitioned away from manufacturing to a servicebased economy in which ideas and innovation are highly rewarded. Outsourcing, technological change, and the decline of the labor movement have all contributed to a decline in the prevalence and status of the blue-collar jobs that led to a secure middleclass lifestyle in generations past. The result is a growing gap between the winners and losers in the “knowledge economy.” Highly educated workers clustered in large metro regions have benefited, while workers without college degrees -- especially those in rural areas -- have seen their economic fortunes stagnate (Moretti 2012; Autor 2019; Ganong and Shoag 2017). Motivated by these changes to the American economy, the three papers comprising this dissertation investigate how economic conditions affect American politics. I pay particular attention to the politics of individual issue areas, drawing on theory from political economy and public opinion research.In the first paper, I address growing realignment along educational lines in American politics. Just as the returns to a college degree have increased in recent decades, the voting behavior of those with and without college degrees has changed. Working class white voters -- long a key Democratic constituency -- have turned to the Republican Party in recent decades. Meanwhile, the Democratic Party increasingly draws its support from college-educated white voters and racial minorities. Using survey data from 1984 to 2020 and an issue voting framework, I show that this realignment corresponds with three trends. First, while college-educated white voters have long been more liberal on cultural issues, they are now also more liberal than those without college degrees on issues of redistribution. Across a variety of issues, college-educated voters now stand to the left of the working class, pushing them toward the Democratic Party. Second, I exploit variation in local labor markets to show that growing income inequality between college- and non-college workers has contributed to the leftward economic shift of college-educated voters. Third, since the early 2000s, non-college voters have come to base their votes on cultural issues to the same degree as college-educated voters. For decades, cultural issues have pushed college-educated voters towards Democrats; however, only in recent years have those issues pushed non-college voters toward Republicans. In sum, the educational realignment among white voters is due to increasingly liberalism among the college-educated and an increased salience of cultural issues for those without college degrees. This finding has implications for the politics of redistribution, fiscal policy, and populism.In the second paper, I investigate the effect that local economic conditions have on candidates' campaign messaging. While local economies are diverging, political behavior appears to have nationalized -- potentially presenting an accountability problem if politicians are not responsive to the conditions within their districts.
Responses To Economic Change
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Author : Sherry Chapman Fuller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Responses To Economic Change written by Sherry Chapman Fuller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Economic history categories.
Global Economic Crisis And Local Economic Development
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Author : Jason Begley
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-14
Global Economic Crisis And Local Economic Development written by Jason Begley and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-14 with Business & Economics categories.
This book offers a collaborative investigation of the policies and practices which have redeveloped local and national economies in the aftermath of the global economic crisis which erupted in 2008. It explores 'localised' models of economic development, including problems of diversity and balance and the role of firms, industries and clusters, alongside comparative studies of policy responses to the crisis at local, regional and national levels Global Economic Crisis and Local Economic Development seeks routes for economic development in a post-crisis world. The roles of innovation, entrepreneurship, knowledge infrastructures, public policies, business strategies and responses, as well as global contexts and positioning are explored as investigative themes which run throughout the collection as a whole. This text brings together a range of international disciplinary experts from economics, geography, history, business and management, politics and sociology. Its coverage is comparative and global, with contributions focusing on the U.S., Japan, China, and India, as well as European contexts and cases. This book is of value both for the intrinsic quality of its individual studies and for the contrasts and comparisons enabled by the collection when viewed as a whole. It has an accessible but rigorous style, making it ideal for a range of users including academics, researchers and students who study economic development and regional development.
Understanding The Process Of Economic Change
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Author : Douglass C. North
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2010-04-19
Understanding The Process Of Economic Change written by Douglass C. North and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-19 with Business & Economics categories.
In this landmark work, a Nobel Prize-winning economist develops a new way of understanding the process by which economies change. Douglass North inspired a revolution in economic history a generation ago by demonstrating that economic performance is determined largely by the kind and quality of institutions that support markets. As he showed in two now classic books that inspired the New Institutional Economics (today a subfield of economics), property rights and transaction costs are fundamental determinants. Here, North explains how different societies arrive at the institutional infrastructure that greatly determines their economic trajectories. North argues that economic change depends largely on "adaptive efficiency," a society's effectiveness in creating institutions that are productive, stable, fair, and broadly accepted--and, importantly, flexible enough to be changed or replaced in response to political and economic feedback. While adhering to his earlier definition of institutions as the formal and informal rules that constrain human economic behavior, he extends his analysis to explore the deeper determinants of how these rules evolve and how economies change. Drawing on recent work by psychologists, he identifies intentionality as the crucial variable and proceeds to demonstrate how intentionality emerges as the product of social learning and how it then shapes the economy's institutional foundations and thus its capacity to adapt to changing circumstances. Understanding the Process of Economic Change accounts not only for past institutional change but also for the diverse performance of present-day economies. This major work is therefore also an essential guide to improving the performance of developing countries.
Cycles Value And Employment
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Author : Orio Giarini
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Cycles Value And Employment written by Orio Giarini and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Business cycles categories.
An unconventional evaluation of the causes which, in the last ten years, have dramatically pushed down the rates of economic growth. The distinguished author, a member of the Club of Rome, argues that it is not simply a question of a new long term economic cycle of the types described by Schumpeter and Kondratieff, but is rather the effect of a fundamental change in the traditional, industrial modes of production. A clear evaluation of such change leads to the necessity of reformulating the notion of economic value, in order to find new strategies for developing a nation's wealth.
Economic Change And Social Psychological Responses Among Youth In The United States And Ireland
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Author : Lambert Maguire
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Economic Change And Social Psychological Responses Among Youth In The United States And Ireland written by Lambert Maguire and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Unemployment categories.
Eu And Us Foreign Economic Policy Responses To China
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Author : Joachim Schild
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-12-19
Eu And Us Foreign Economic Policy Responses To China written by Joachim Schild and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-19 with Political Science categories.
This book examines EU and US bilateral trade and investment relations with China, their attempts to level the economic playing field and to narrow the ‘reciprocity gap’ in market openness. It explores the extent of EU and US policy change, the underlying factors accounting for this change and compares EU and US foreign economic policy answers to an adversary increasingly perceived as an unfair economic competitor and as a systemic rival. The book covers a broad range of policy areas from ‘trade wars’, trade defense instruments, their reform and use, investment screening, and export control to industrial policies. It makes eclectic use of different strands of International Relations, International Political Economy and Policy Analysis theorizing to account for the extent of, and differences in, the EU and US responses. The People’s Republic of China’s stellar economic and political rise combined with the resilience of its unfair trade practices, its reinforced authoritarian repression at home and its ever more assertive foreign (economic) policy has triggered a shift in perceptions of China, followed by equally profound policy change in the European Union and the US. This book expertly charts and explains this significant shift in stance. This book will be of key interest to scholars, students and practitioners in the fields of EU trade policymaking, US foreign/ foreign economic policy, EU-China-US economic relations, European political economy, and more broadly to European studies, Asian studies, International Relations, International Political Economy, and transatlantic relations.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution
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Author : Klaus Schwab
language : en
Publisher: Penguin UK
Release Date : 2017-01-03
The Fourth Industrial Revolution written by Klaus Schwab and has been published by Penguin UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-03 with Business & Economics categories.
The founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum on how the impending technological revolution will change our lives We are on the brink of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. And this one will be unlike any other in human history. Characterized by new technologies fusing the physical, digital and biological worlds, the Fourth Industrial Revolution will impact all disciplines, economies and industries - and it will do so at an unprecedented rate. World Economic Forum data predicts that by 2025 we will see: commercial use of nanomaterials 200 times stronger than steel and a million times thinner than human hair; the first transplant of a 3D-printed liver; 10% of all cars on US roads being driverless; and much more besides. In The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Schwab outlines the key technologies driving this revolution, discusses the major impacts on governments, businesses, civil society and individuals, and offers bold ideas for what can be done to shape a better future for all.
Challenge And Response
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Author : Linda Low
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Challenge And Response written by Linda Low and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Business & Economics categories.
Transition Economies After 2008
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Author : Martin Myant
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-04-07
Transition Economies After 2008 written by Martin Myant and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-07 with Political Science categories.
The economic crisis of 2008, starting from the crisis in banking in the USA in 2008, affected economic and political development in varied ways around the world. This edited volume covers the impact and policy responses in Eastern Europe and Russia. Taken as a whole, the economies of the former state socialist countries – frequently still referred to for convenience as transition economies – were hit hard by the crisis, suffering falls in GDP in 2009 that were deeper than the average around the world. However, there was considerable variety in the effects on individual countries, with a few continuing to grow while some others suffered quite exceptional falls in output. Policy responses were also quite diverse and do not obviously fit with the nature and severity of economic factors. The more general impacts on political life were also varied. In many cases very much the same governments continued in power, while in others there were significant changes and signs of a growing instability in party and political structures. The articles in this book explore these differences between countries and to set them in a wider international context. This bookw as published a sa special issue of Europe-Asia Studies.