Review Of Marine Habitat Classification Systems
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Review Of Marine Habitat Classification Systems
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Author : David Ball
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Review Of Marine Habitat Classification Systems written by David Ball and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Aquatic habitats categories.
An Overview Of Habitat Classification Systems Ecological Models And Geographic Information Systems Applied To Shallow Foreshore Marine Habitats
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Author : Clifford L. K. Robinson
language : en
Publisher: West Vancouver, B.C. : Fisheries and Oceans Canada
Release Date : 1995
An Overview Of Habitat Classification Systems Ecological Models And Geographic Information Systems Applied To Shallow Foreshore Marine Habitats written by Clifford L. K. Robinson and has been published by West Vancouver, B.C. : Fisheries and Oceans Canada this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Fishes categories.
Problems In Data Synthesis
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Author : Allison N. Cramer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Problems In Data Synthesis written by Allison N. Cramer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Marine habitats categories.
Integrating data from a variety of sources, or data synthesis, can increase the scale and dimension of ecological data sets, providing a dynamic window into animal habitat use. When combining data from disparate sources researchers must be cognizant of how the underlying data structure constrains their ecological inference. For the environmental and animal data commonly used to investigate habitat preference, characteristics of both the animals and the environment restrict how data represent ecological events. The marine environment represents a unique case where biology and the environment dramatically impact the structure and scale of available data that in turn can affect resulting inferences. In this dissertation I use examples from the marine environment to explore how data representation impacts data synthesis and ecological inference. In Chapter 1 I examine how the data representation of animal movement obtained from passive acoustic telemetry impacts calculations of habitat preference. I find that to distinguish habitat preference using passive acoustic telemetry researchers should incorporate a "burn in" window into their study design, and develop an analytical solution to estimate the burn in window for any target species. In Chapter 2 I address scaling issues between passive acoustic telemetry data and a high-resolution biogeochemical model to estimate habitat suitability for a rarely studied species of deep-water shark, Hexanchus griseus. To account for sampling mismatches, I alter the standard spatial sampling approach within Species Distribution Modeling (SDM) to estimate shark probability of presence and develop habitat suitability maps. In Chapter 3 I use data synthesis to re-examine marine habitat classification schemes in relation to mechanistic habitat variables. This analysis revealed a classification scheme which sorts biomes and their constituent communities based on energy flow and habitat stability and supports a new model of ecological community organization. Though the examples explored here stem from the marine environment, the constraints of sampling, scale, and classification occur across ecosystems. The methods discussed here demonstrate a variety of approaches research can take to understand, account for, and re-examine the impact of the underlying data structure on ecological inference.
Proceedings Of A Benthic Habitat Classification Workshop Meeting Of The Maritimes Regional Advisory Process
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Author : V. E. Kostylev
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Proceedings Of A Benthic Habitat Classification Workshop Meeting Of The Maritimes Regional Advisory Process written by V. E. Kostylev and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
These proceedings provide the results of a workshop that reviewed existing approaches to classifying & characterizing benthic communities, presented & assessed a proposed classification scheme, and recommended a scheme for use in the Scotia-Fundy area. The proceedings include a review of the literature on benthic ecological classification and workshop papers on: the need & role for an ecological characterization framework for oceans management & planning; objectives, indicators, & reference points for conserving habitat; availability of benthic data for classifying marine environments on the Scotian Shelf; the European Union Nature Information System classification; the surficial sediments of the Scotian Shelf; and habitat classification & mapping. The final section contains comments of workshop participants regarding marine habitat classification.
Jncc Marine Habitat Classification For Britain And Ireland
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Author : M. Parry (Conservationist)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Jncc Marine Habitat Classification For Britain And Ireland written by M. Parry (Conservationist) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Marine habitats categories.
Jncc Marine Habitat Classification For Britain And Ireland
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Author : M. Parry (Conservationist)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Jncc Marine Habitat Classification For Britain And Ireland written by M. Parry (Conservationist) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Marine habitats categories.
Mapping Benthic Habitats For Representation In Marine Protected Areas
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Mapping Benthic Habitats For Representation In Marine Protected Areas written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Benthic animals categories.
Abstract: Virtually all marine conservation planning and management models in place or proposed have in common the need for improved scientific rigour in identifying and characterising the marine habitats encompassed. An emerging central theme in the last few years has been the concept of representativeness, or representative systems of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The habitat classification and mapping needed to incorporate considerations of representativeness into MPA planning must logically be carried out at the same scale at which management occurs. Management of highly protected areas occurs almost exclusively at local scales or finer, independent of the reservation model or philosophy employed. -- Moreton Bay, on Australia's east coast, was selected for studies at the local scale to map and classify macrobenthic habitats. In a site scale (1 km) trial for the major habitat classification study, remote underwater videography was used to map and characterise an unusual assemblage of epibenthic invertebrates on soft sediments. The assemblage included congregations of the comatulid crinoid Zygometra cf. Z. microdiscus (Bell) at densities up to 0.88 individuals.m-2, comparable to those found in coral reef habitats. There was no correlation between the distribution of this species and commonly used abiotic surrogates depth (6 - 18 m), sediment composition and residual current. This site scale trial is the first quantitative assessment of crinoid density and distribution in shallow water soft-sediment environments. The high densities found are significant in terms of the generally accepted picture of shallow-water crinoids as essentially reefal fauna. The findings highlight the conservation benefits of an inclusive approach to marine habitat survey and mapping. Assemblages such as the one described, although they may be of scientific and ecological significance, would have been overlooked by common approaches to marine conservation planning which emphasise highly productive or aesthetically appealing habitats. -- Most habitat mapping studies rely solely or in part on abiotic surrogates for patterns of biodiversity. The utility of abiotic variables in predicting biological distributions at the local scale (10 km) was tested. Habitat classifications of the same set of 41 sites based on 6 abiotic variables and abundances of 89 taxa and bioturbation indicators were compared using correlation, regression and ordination analyses. The concepts of false homogeneity and false heterogeneity were defined to describe types of errors associated with using abiotic surrogates to construct habitat maps. The best prediction by abiotic surrogates explained less than 30% of the pattern of biological similarity. Errors of false homogeneity were between 20 and 62%, depending on the methods of estimation. Predictive capability of abiotic surrogates at the taxon level was poor, with only 6% of taxon / surrogate correlations significant. These results have implications for the widespread use of abiotic surrogates in marine habitat mapping to plan for, or assess, representation in Marine Protected Areas. Abiotic factors did not discriminate sufficiently between different soft bottom communities to be a reliable basis for mapping. -- Habitat mapping for the design of Marine Protected Areas is critically affected by the scale of the source information. The relationship between biological similarity of macrobenthos and the distance between sites was investigated at both site and local scales, and for separate biotic groups. There was a significant negative correlation between similarity and distance, in that sites further apart were less similar than sites close together. The relationship, although significant, was quite weak at the site scale. Rank correlograms showed that similarity was high at scales of 10 km or less, and declined markedly with increasing distance. There was evidence of patchiness in the distributions of some biotic groups, especially seagrass and anthozoans, at scales less than 16 km. In other biotic groups there was an essentially monotonic decline in similarity with distance. The spatial agglomeration approach to habitat mapping was valid in the study area. Site spacing of less than 10 km was necessary to capture important components of biological similarity. Site spacing of less than 2.5 km did not appear to be warranted. -- Macrobenthic habitat types were classified and mapped at 78 sites spaced 5 km apart. The area mapped was about 2,400 km2 and extended from estuarine shallow subtidal waters to offshore areas to the 50 m isobath. Nine habitat types were recognised, with only one on hard substrate. The habitat mapping characterised several habitat types not previously described in the area and located deepwater algal and soft coral reefs not previously reported. Seagrass beds were encountered in several locations where their occurrence was either unknown or had not previously been quantified. The representation of the derived habitat types within an existing marine protected area was assessed. Only two habitat types were represented in highly protected zones, with less than 3% of each included The study represents the most spatially comprehensive survey of epibenthos undertaken in Moreton Bay, with over 40,000 m2 surveyed. Derived habitat maps provide a robust basis for inclusion of representative examples of all habitat types in marine protected area planning in and adjacent to Moreton Bay. The utility of video data to conduct a low-cost habitat survey over a comparatively large area was also demonstrated. The method used has potentially wide application for the survey and design of marine protected areas.
The Marine Habitat Classification For Britain And Ireland Version 03 02
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Author : D W. CONNOR
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
The Marine Habitat Classification For Britain And Ireland Version 03 02 written by D W. CONNOR and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
Proceedings Of A Benthic Habitat Classification Workshop Meeting Of The Maritimes Regional Advisory Process
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Proceedings Of A Benthic Habitat Classification Workshop Meeting Of The Maritimes Regional Advisory Process written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Linking Seafloor Mapping And Ecological Models To Improve Classification Of Marine Habitats
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Author : Katrina Baxter
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Linking Seafloor Mapping And Ecological Models To Improve Classification Of Marine Habitats written by Katrina Baxter and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Aquatic habitats categories.
[Truncated abstract] Spatially explicit marine habitat data is required for effective resource planning and management across large areas, although mapped boundaries typically lack rigour in explaining what factors influence habitat distributions. Accurate, quantitative methods are needed. In this thesis I aimed to assess the utility of ecological models to determine what factors limit the spatial extent of marine habitats. I assessed what types of modeling methods were able to produce the most accurate predictions and what influenced model results. To achieve this, initially a broad scale marine habitat survey was undertaken in the Recherche Archipelago, on the south coast of Western Australia using video and sidescan sonar. Broad and more detailed functional habitats types were mapped for 1054km2 of the Archipelago. Broad habitats included high and low profile reefs, sand, seagrass and extensive rhodolith beds, although considerable variation could be identified from video within these broad types. Different densities of seagrass were identified and reefs were dominated by macroalgae, filter feeder communities, or a combination of both. Geophysical characteristics (depth, substrate, relief) and dominant benthic biota were recorded and then modelled using decision trees and a combination of generalised additive models (GAMs) and generalised linear models (GLMs) to determine the factors influencing broad and functional habitat variation. Models were developed for the entire Archipelago (n=2769) and a subset of data in Esperance Bay (n=797), which included exposure to wave conditions (mean maximum wave height and mean maximum shear stress) calculated from oceanographic models. Additional distance variables from the mainland and islands were also derived and used as model inputs for both datasets. Model performance varied across habitats, with no one method better than the other in terms of overall model accuracy for each habitat type, although prevalent classes (>20%) such as high profile reefs with macroalgae and dense seagrass were the most reliable (Area Under the Curve >0.7). ... This highlighted not only issues of data prevalence, but also how ecological models can be used to test the reliability of classification schemes. Care should be taken when mapping predicted habitat occurrence with broad habitat models. It should not be assumed that all habitats within the type will be defined spatially, as this may result in the distribution of distinctive and unique habitats such as filterfeeders being underestimated or not identified at all. More data is needed to improve prediction of these habitats. Despite the limitations identified, the results provide direction for future field sampling to ensure appropriate variables are sampled and classification schemes are carefully designed to improve descriptions of habitat distributions. Reliable habitat models that make ecological sense will assist future assessments of biodiversity within habitats as well as provide improved data on the probability of habitat occurrence. This data and the methods developed will be a valuable resource for reserve selection models that prioritise sites for management and planning of marine protected areas.