Review Of Urban Air Quality In Sub Saharan Africa Region
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Review Of Urban Air Quality In Sub Saharan Africa Region
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Author : Dieter Schwela
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Review Of Urban Air Quality In Sub Saharan Africa Region written by Dieter Schwela and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
In Africa, urban outdoor air pollution is responsible for an estimated 49,000 premature deaths annually with indoor use of solid fuels being responsible for eight times this value, the main burden being borne by Sub Saharan African countries. Air pollution, outdoor and indoor, affects the health and life chances of millions of people in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA)every day. There is a link between air pollution and poverty since poor people are exposed to higher concentrations of air pollutants and tend to suffer disproportionately from the effects of deteriorating air quality (AQ). Children in cities exposed to high concentrations of air pollutants will more often develop respiratory ailments which prevent them from developing and learning well. As a consequence they will suffer in adult life from low levels of qualifications and skills. The implication of poorly educated children is not only a reduction of quality of their lives but also an obstacle for the economic development of a country as a whole. Rapid urbanization means increase in motorization and economic activity which in turn leads to increased air pollution if countermeasures are not taken. In view these linkages addressing urban AQ in SSA is particularly important. Air pollution in Sub Saharan cities appears to be on the rise with respect to many key pollutants. In some cities where monitoring has been performed levels of air pollution exceed World Health Organization recommended guidelines. The main cause of urban air pollution is the use of fossil fuels in transport, power generation, industry and domestic sectors. In addition, the burning of firewood, agricultural and animal waste also contributes to pollution levels. Pollutant emissions have direct and indirect effects with a wide range of impacts on human health, ecosystems, agriculture and materials. There is a growing need to determine the state of urban AQ and the challenges posed to solve it and identify the most effective measures to protect human health and the environment. Learning from experience and successes in urban AQ management (AQM) from other countries can assists in the formulation and implementation of strategies to achieve better AQ in Sub Saharan Africa. This report compiles the information provided by the 25countries in a harmonized way and gives an in-depth review of AQ in SSA with AQ profile of each country, presenting the country's main current urban AQ issues, emissions standards, ongoing projects, lessons learned from good/bad practices. It was attempted to compile this information also for additional SSA countries from available publications and internet sources.
Tracking Urban Health Policies
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Author : Pierpaolo MUDU
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2023-03-15
Tracking Urban Health Policies written by Pierpaolo MUDU and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-15 with Medical categories.
Advances In Air Quality Research In Africa
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Author : Khanneh Wadinga Fomba
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Advances In Air Quality Research In Africa written by Khanneh Wadinga Fomba and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Ambient Air Pollution And Health In Accra Ghana
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2021-04-08
Ambient Air Pollution And Health In Accra Ghana written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-08 with Nature categories.
With the objectives to reduce deaths and diseases associated with air and climate pollutants, and to enhance health co-benefits from policies and measures to tackle air and climate pollution, WHO has carried out, in cooperation with various international partners, an Urban Health Initiative (UHI). The UHI aims to mobilizing and empowering the health sector and using the sector’s influential position to promote the implementation of air and climate pollutant reduction strategies, and it intends to demonstrate to the public and decision-makers the full range of health and economic benefits to the local population, that can be achieved from implementing local emission reduction policies and strategies. This publication is part of a case study series that carried out in the UHI pilot project in Accra. This case study is aimed at discussing ambient air pollution and health impacts for specific scenarios of reduction of concentrations.
Urban Air Quality In Cotonou
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Author : Weltbank
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Urban Air Quality In Cotonou written by Weltbank and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
This note shows the results of the "Clean Air Initiative in Sub-Saharan African Cities," a study to evaluate air pollution launched and coordinated by the World Bank. The following items are addressed: (i) estimation of the present global level of air pollution in Cotonou; (ii) determination of transportation's role; (iii) evaluation of the risk to human health and estimation of resulting expenses; (iv) examination of foreseeable future pollution evaluation of results of measures likely to be taken to reduce pollution and (v) proposal of a strategy for the implementation of these measures.
Connecting The Dots
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Author : Fatima Arroyo-Arroyo
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2021-07-13
Connecting The Dots written by Fatima Arroyo-Arroyo and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-13 with Business & Economics categories.
This report analyzes constraints on accessing jobs and social services in three Ghanaian cities (Accra, Kumasi, and Tamale), with a strong focus on specific challenges encountered by vulnerable people. The report outlines practical interventions for achieving more inclusive and sustainable access.
Current Microbiological Research In Africa
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Author : Akebe Luther King Abia
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-02-04
Current Microbiological Research In Africa written by Akebe Luther King Abia and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-04 with Science categories.
Scientific output in low- and middle-income countries is greatly challenged by numerous factors. This is particularly pronounced in sub-Saharan African countries, despite the continent being the world’s second largest and second most-populous continent, currently undergoing rapid economic growth. Financial constraints and unclear areas of focus when funding is available, are among the limiting factors, with the consequence being the development of inadequate policies, especially those relating to environmental protection and conservation. This 13-chapter book is a unique piece in the field of microbiology, designed to stimulate some research areas in Africa by illustrating interesting and informative examples of the current applied research agenda in environmental microbiology in selected countries within the continent. With authors from the North, South, East and West of Africa, the book touches diverse applied methods and approaches to meet the pragmatic needs faced by environmental microbiologists in Africa. Also included are topics on viruses, bacteria (including cyanobacteria), and protozoa, and their importance in disease. Sustainable agriculture and aquaculture, and eco-friendly oil and hydrocarbon bioremediation and degradation approaches are highlighted. Microbial involvement in different common indoor (e.g., household kitchens, latrines, and hospitals) and outdoor settings including air, soil, and water habitats, and their resistance to commonly used antibiotics, are described. Hopefully, the work presented here will stimulate the need for increasing modern training and funding initiatives to prepare African microbiologists to meet the challenges they face in African universities and research laboratories.
The Palgrave Handbook Of Urban Development Planning In Africa
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Author : Meleckidzedeck Khayesi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-11-25
The Palgrave Handbook Of Urban Development Planning In Africa written by Meleckidzedeck Khayesi and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-25 with Political Science categories.
Where can one get a synthesis of research findings on urban development planning in Africa? This book addresses this gap in knowledge by distilling existing research to provide insights into theories, research designs, empirical findings and approaches on urban development planning in Africa. Starting with the overall planning culture and strategies, the book chapters move on to specific themes such as governance, population, poverty, water, recreation, transport, agriculture, air quality and rural-urban linkages. This book reduces the prevailing risk of unnecessary duplication of research and the inadequate attention that is being given to extending research in new areas. This situation has partly been due to existing research remaining scattered in different organizations and publications and has not been subjected to critical synthesis to unearth any new developments that it contains. The book makes available research findings to be utilized in current and future urban development planning in Africa.
Urban Air Quality Management
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Author : Masami Kojima
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2001-01-01
Urban Air Quality Management written by Masami Kojima and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-01-01 with Science categories.
This book details the context within which policy decisions and objectives for the property tax system are made in the transitional economies of Central and Eastern Europe. It shows how these policy decisions evolve as a part of the transitional reforms still in process. This book offers the chance to review the experiences of transitional countries in initiating and implementing fiscal instruments during a decade of enormous transformations. The research for the case studies, included in this book, was sponsored by the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.
Autoethnographies On The Environment And Human Health
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Author : Tara Rava Zolnikov
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-12-01
Autoethnographies On The Environment And Human Health written by Tara Rava Zolnikov and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-01 with Social Science categories.
This book explores the link between individual lives and significant environmental issues affecting millions of people around the world. Zolnikov offers a novel perspective on the environment and human health through autoethnographic stories. Each chapter includes an overview of an environmental risk factor or issue, such as air quality, accompanied by a reflective personal story. Her experiences were gathered around the world and revolve around immersion into local cultures. Learning about environmental health through this qualitative approach will enable readers to understand how issues in the environment are currently affecting people on an individual basis.