Rna Binding Antibiotics
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Rna Binding Antibiotics
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Author : Renée Schroeder
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2000-10
Rna Binding Antibiotics written by Renée Schroeder and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-10 with Medical categories.
The past several years have seen a fundamental change in our perception of RNA. RNA was once regarded as a passive mediator of genetic information in mRNA and tRNA or as a mere scaffold for proteins in the ribosome. But the discovery of catalytic RNA, the development of SELEX, and dramatic improvements in RNA structure analysis have rather demonstrated that RNA is a highly versatile and dynamic molecule. Our increased understanding of the important role RNA plays in most, if not all, cellular processes has lead to the awareness that RNA represents a potential and prominent target for therapeutic intervention. On one hand, nature has "invented" an innumerable amount of small compounds which bind to RNA and modulate its function, on the other hand, the design and preparation of RNA molecules with defined properties is now within reach. This volume covers RNAs with known or proposed catalytic activity or functional importance whose behavior is affected by antibiotics. These include the peptidyl transferase and the decoding activities of the ribosome and the cleavage activities of several catalytic RNAs. Detailed discussion of the wide-spread effects of the tetracyclines, of the peptide antibiotic viomycin and of bleomycin on RNAs are presented. SELEX has provided a wealth of antibiotic-binding RNAs which are amenable to NMR structure determination. Detailed biophysical analyses on antibiotic-RNA interactions, and the design and synthesis of novel aminoglycosides suggest strategies for the pharmaceutical exploitation of RNA-binding drugs. On the verge of losing the battle against bacteria, which are acquiring resistance genes against all used antibiotics, it is mandatory to find new therapeutics. RNA-binding antibiotics are not only therapeutically valuable, they play a major role in the deciphering of RNA function and stimulate evolutionary thoughts about the origin of life.
Design Synthesis And Rna Binding Of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics
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Author : Hai Wang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Design Synthesis And Rna Binding Of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics written by Hai Wang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with categories.
Combating An Intrinsic Antibiotic Resistance Mechanism By Interfering With Small Rna Regulation Of An Outer Membrane Porin
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Author : Arada Batresian
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Combating An Intrinsic Antibiotic Resistance Mechanism By Interfering With Small Rna Regulation Of An Outer Membrane Porin written by Arada Batresian and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
The discovery of novel antibiotics has not kept pace with the growing threat of bacterial resistance. Bacteria have remarkable genetic plasticity that allows them to respond to a wide array of environmental threats, including the presence of antibiotic molecules that may jeopardize their existence. Compared to Gram-positive species, Gram-negative bacteria are intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics due to the presence of an outer membrane. Permeability through the outer membrane is the first step involved in the resistance of bacteria to an antibiotic. Among several outer membrane porins, outer membrane porin F (OmpF), is one of the largest porin proteins that enable the entry of several antibiotics. Therefore, the loss of OmpF highlights a devastating effect on the success rate of the current antimicrobial agents. The MicF sRNA is a small, antisense RNA found in Escherichia coli and related bacteria that shows extensive sequence complementarity with the 5' end of ompF mRNA and negatively regulates expression of OmpF, by hybridizing to ompF at its ribosome-binding domain and start codon. In this case, peptides engineered to bind to MicF specifically would interfere with its capacity to bind to ompF. ARMs are an excellent candidate for the design and selection of the peptides since they are known to bind RNA effectively and specifically, as well as having cell penetrating abilities. By using the arginine-rich RNA-binding motifs (ARMs) as a framework, a random mutation peptide library was developed to produce peptides that have enhanced binding affinity for the MicF sRNA. Bacterial fluorescent colony selection was established as a rapid screening method to identify specific peptides available from a library containing thousands of peptide molecules using a fluorescent reporter. Two peptides with a high binding affinity for MicF were successfully discovered and the altered areas of these peptides were thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, the efficiency of these peptides in countering the effects of MicF mediated antibiotic resistance was demonstrated by minimum inhibitory concentration analysis. The E. coli MG1655 bacteria appear to be 30 percent more susceptible to antibiotics tested on average when the developed peptides were present inside the cell. In conclusion, this study focuses on the design and screening of the peptide molecules capable of binding to sRNA targets and aims to pave the way for future discussions about how targeting sRNAs could aid in the fight against drug-resistant infections.
The Interaction Of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics With Ribosomal Rna
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Author : Robert Gregory Eason
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
The Interaction Of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics With Ribosomal Rna written by Robert Gregory Eason and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Aminoglycosides categories.
Comparing Physical Properties Of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Binding Sites In Rna And Proteins
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Author : Julia Romanowska
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Comparing Physical Properties Of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Binding Sites In Rna And Proteins written by Julia Romanowska and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Dotyczy: aminoglycoside antibiotics, bacterial resistance, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, molecular dynamics simulations, ribosomal RNA.
Targeting Functional Centers Of The Ribosome
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Author : Chen Davidovich
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-02-02
Targeting Functional Centers Of The Ribosome written by Chen Davidovich and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-02 with Science categories.
This thesis describes research into the mode of function, inhibition, and evolution of the ribosomal catalytic center, the Peptidyl Transferase Center (PTC)--research that has already led to attempts at improving PTC antibiotics. The PhD candidate carried out two parallel studies. One using a combination of X-ray crystallography, biochemistry, molecular biology, and theoretical studies to obtain crystal structures of ribosomal particles with antibiotics that target the PTC, revealing the modes of action, resistance, cross-resistance and discrimination between ribosomes of eubacterial pathogens and eukaryotic hosts. In the second parallel study, the candidate synthesized a ribosomal substructure--one that may represent the minimal entity capable of catalyzing peptide bond formation--shedding light on the origin of the ribosome itself.
The Many Faces Of Rna
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Author : D. S. Eggleston
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1997-12-19
The Many Faces Of Rna written by D. S. Eggleston and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-12-19 with Science categories.
The Many Faces of RNA is the subject for the eighth SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research Symposia. It highlights a rapidly developing area of scientific investigation. The style and format are deliberately designed to promote in-depth presentations and discussions and to facilitate the forging of collaborations between academic and industrial partners. This symposium focuses on several of the many fundamental, advancing strategies for exploring RNA and its functions. It emphasizes the interplay between biology, chemistry, genomics, and molecular biology which is leading to exciting new insights and avenues of investigation. The book explores RNA as a therapeutic target, RNA as a tool, RNA and its interactions, along with chemical, computational, and structural investigations.
Biology Of Antibiotics
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Author : Hans Zähner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Biology Of Antibiotics written by Hans Zähner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
This book is based on Hans Zahner's Biologie der Antibiotica, published in 1965. There is a vast literature on antibiotics, covering chemical, phar macological, and clinical aspects. We have made no attempt to cover this literature comprehensively. Our effort is directed toward discuss ing antibiotics as biological agents. They are substances produced by living cells, yet they are able to inhibit the growth of living cells - in many cases even the cells that produce them. We have taken this apparent biological paradox as our point of departure and have tried to look in this light at the production of antibiotics and at their mode of action. In a sense antibiotics are comparable to mutations. They are useful as tools in the study of metabolism by blocking specific reactions. At the same time their mode of origin and their effects on the organisms that produce them are interesting problems in their own right. We have tried to incorporate both aspects into our consider ations. This little book, designed for biology students and medical stu dents, provides them with a framework into which to fit more specialized and detailed information on antibiotics.
Aminoglycoside Antibiotic Resistance Through Ribosomal Rna Methylation
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Author : Miloje Savic
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2010-12
Aminoglycoside Antibiotic Resistance Through Ribosomal Rna Methylation written by Miloje Savic and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12 with categories.
In antibiotic producing bacteria two 16S rRNA methyltransferase families (MT) provide resistance against self-intoxication: Kam MT (m1A1408) and Kgm MT (m7G1405). Both these MT have their homologues in pathogenic bacteria, Arm and Pam MT families, respectively. These MT act at nucleotides in antibiotic binding site and methyl group addition sterically blocks antibiotic binding. Studies on Sgm from M. zionensis provided some initial insights on Kgm MT using sequence conservation and homology modelling. Recent structures showed that resistance MT, irrespective of their origin, have the same protein fold. However, corresponding protein sequences do not reflect conservation of the structure indicating that particular protein fold can be achieved with sequences sharing as little as 30% identity. In the same time conservation of the protein structure indicates that structural constraints are important for efficient target nucleotide selection on the 16S rRNA. Future key issue will be to determine the molecular mechanism of target site selection and whether specific features of recognition can be exploited to combat the rise of resistance to clinically useful aminoglycoside antibiotics.
Specificity Of Aminoglycoside Antibiotic Ribosome Interaction
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Author : Michael Isaac Recht
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Specificity Of Aminoglycoside Antibiotic Ribosome Interaction written by Michael Isaac Recht and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Aminoglycosides categories.