Role Of Political Institutions On Economic Growth Empirical Evidence
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Role Of Political Institutions On Economic Growth Empirical Evidence
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Author : Walid Y. Alali
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Role Of Political Institutions On Economic Growth Empirical Evidence written by Walid Y. Alali and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Role Of Political Institutions On Economic Growth
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Author : Dr Walid Y Alali
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Role Of Political Institutions On Economic Growth written by Dr Walid Y Alali and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
This paper explores the effect of political institutions on economic development via its causation of economic reforms. Focusing on the causality between political institutions - democracy, specifically - and economic reforms. After all, one way of improving society's well-being is through promoting economic growth, thereby narrowing the cross-country income differences. We investigate whether economic reforms are more likely to take place in democracies since greater accountability may lead the government to adopt measures that gain majority support. Economic reforms are referred to as comprehensive measures that broaden the market's scope including the international. Using the same methodology as in the previous paper1, the dynamic panel GMM estimator, we study whether democracy causes economic reforms in different sectors, namely fiscal measures, trade liberalisation, credit market liberalisation, capital account openness and labour market deregulation. Reciprocally, test if economic reforms cause the democratisation process, and how political institutions and economic reforms interact.
Institutional Efficiency And Its Determinants
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Author : Silvio Borner
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2004
Institutional Efficiency And Its Determinants written by Silvio Borner and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Business & Economics categories.
This publication discusses the impact of institutions on economic development and the determinants that shape institutional quality, using a new institutional economics (NIE) model based on a multidisciplinary approach to understanding issues including growth, efficiency and income distribution. Using the experience of Argentina under the Menem government as a case study, a methodology is developed and applied to test theoretical hypotheses regarding the concept of institutional quality and how delineation between economic and political institutions work in practice. It also considers systems of democracy and autocracy, and the impact of traditional, legal and cultural frameworks on institutional efficiency.
The Role Of Political Institutions In Economic Development An Empirical Investigation
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Author : Alan Morgan Green
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
The Role Of Political Institutions In Economic Development An Empirical Investigation written by Alan Morgan Green and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Some goods are only valuable, and some investments only profitable, in the presence of certain institutions. The empirical literature on institutions and economic growth claims that institutions are a primary determinant of growth. I find four mechanisms through which institutions may affect growth in Africa: property rights, contract enforcement, security and corruption. This dissertation consists of three papers that empirically analyze the importance of these mechanisms while addressing the major empirical issues of endogeneity, measurement and level of analysis. The first paper uses Afrobarometer surveys to measure distinct regional institutions: fear of crime, law enforcement, trust and corruption. I combine these variables with household data from 151 regions in thirteen African countries. I avoid endogeneity by regressing household wealth on aggregate institutional variables, and I find that reducing the fear of crime increases wealth and improving the legal system increases wealth when fear of crime or trust in the national government is high. Corruption in different levels of government has positive and negative effects. The results suggest that variation in institutions within countries is important. The second paper (with Christine Moser) explores institutions within Madagascar at a low administrative level. We use a unique commune census to analyze the impact of institutions and infrastructure on development of the manufacturing sector in Madagascar. We find that not only do institutions matter, they play a causal role in both employment in manufacturing and in infrastructure. The data is a spatially explicit panel countrywide census with reasonable instruments for institutions. We account for bias due to unobserved heterogeneity, endogeneity, and omission of neighboring commune characteristics. Our results suggest that property rights institutions are fundamentally important for economic development in Madagascar. The third paper analyzes democracy in Africa. Africa has become steadily more democratic since the end of the cold war, and I identify three mechanisms through which democracy may be instrumentally good. Democratization is associated with better institutions, which lead to economic growth. Democracies are more accountable and thus may have better health outcomes, and democratic countries have open political systems that may obviate civil conflict. I estimate the effects of democratization with instrumental variables (IV) and simultaneous equations models. I find no significant effects of democracy in the IV models when country and time fixed effects are included. The simultaneous equations results, which also control for country and time fixed effects, indicate that democracy may have strong effects on economic growth and significant but weak effects on the death rate in African countries.
The Handbook Of Economic Development And Institutions
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Author : Jean-Marie Baland
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-01-21
The Handbook Of Economic Development And Institutions written by Jean-Marie Baland and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-21 with Business & Economics categories.
The definitive reference on the most current economics of development and institutions The essential role that institutions play in understanding economic development has long been recognized across the social sciences, including in economics. Academic and policy interest in this subject has never been higher. The Handbook of Economic Development and Institutions is the first to bring together in one single volume the most cutting-edge work in this area by the best-known international economists. The volume’s editors, themselves leading scholars in the discipline, provide a comprehensive introduction, and the stellar contributors offer up-to-date analysis into institutional change and its interactions with the dynamics of economic development. This book focuses on three critical issues: the definitions of institutions in order to argue for a causal link to development, the complex interplay between formal and informal institutions, and the evolution and coevolution of institutions and their interactions with the political economy of development. Topics examined include the relationship between institutions and growth, educational systems, the role of the media, and the intersection between traditional systems of patronage and political institutions. Each chapter—covering the frontier research in its area and pointing to new areas of research—is the product of extensive workshopping on the part of the contributors. The definitive reference work on this topic, The Handbook of Economic Development and Institutions will be essential for academics, researchers, and professionals working in the field.
Democracy Governance And Economic Performance
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Author : Yi Feng
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2003
Democracy Governance And Economic Performance written by Yi Feng and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Business & Economics categories.
A theoretical and empirical examination of why political institutions and organizations matter in economic growth.
Institutions And Market Economies
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Author : W. Garside
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2007-11-09
Institutions And Market Economies written by W. Garside and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-09 with Business & Economics categories.
This book is a timely reminder of the more fundamental determinants of capital accumulation and innovation. It provides a mixture of conceptual, empirical, historical and methodological approaches to the relationship between institutions, institutional change and economic development.
Essays On Development And Political Economics
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Author : Walid Y Alali
language : en
Publisher: Eliva Press
Release Date : 2023-01-10
Essays On Development And Political Economics written by Walid Y Alali and has been published by Eliva Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-10 with categories.
This book is my MPhil dissertation, which investigates the inter-relationships between institutions and development outcomes, specifically economic growth, economic reforms, FDI and technical efficiency. The fundamental question we are interested in is identifying the development outcomes and channels on which institutional quality directly impacts. We use Rodrik's (2005)'s taxonomy, to unbundle institutions into economic and political institutions, as well as macroeconomic policies. This largely follows the theoretical basis of earlier literature, arguing that these three aspects are endogenously determined. We then disentangle their individual effects on different development outcomes. Also, as an institution is probably not as persistent as one may have perceived, we explore the dynamic effect of institutions. Causality relationships between institutions and macroeconomic policies and reforms are also examined. Last but not least, other than domestic institutional quality, we also consider the impact of external institutions on development outcomes. We carry out four studies in Chapters 2 to 5 aiming to provide empirical evidence for these interrelated themes. In the following, we will summarize the major findings in these Chapters and discuss briefly their policy implications. We will also highlight the limitations of our work and suggest some possible extensions for further research.
Democracy Governance And Growth
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Author : Stephen F. Knack
language : en
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Release Date : 2003
Democracy Governance And Growth written by Stephen F. Knack and has been published by University of Michigan Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Business & Economics categories.
Demonstrates the importance of governance and social institutions to economic performance
Essays On The Role Of Social And Political Institutions In Economic Development
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Author : Priya Mukherjee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Essays On The Role Of Social And Political Institutions In Economic Development written by Priya Mukherjee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
This thesis explores the causal effects of specific types of social and political institutions on economic outcomes. The first chapter presents a field experiment that investigates the role of social institutions in shaping individuals' beliefs, aspirations and eventual economic outcomes. Utilizing a priming methodology from social psychology, exogenous variation in the salience of one's social identity was introduced in treatment groups, and the long and short-run aspirations of subjects were recorded. Girls exhibit lower aspirations and beliefs when gender is primed, while high caste subjects have higher aspirations and beliefs when caste is primed. This is the first study in the literature to experimentally identify the effects of priming identity on outcomes with real stakes, and in a dynamic setting. The next two chapters investigate the role of political institutions on economic policy in the context of Indonesia. The first of these two chapters studies policy choices under two selection methods for public officials: appointments and elections. I use a novel dataset and a natural experiment, wherein districts switched from appointments to direct elections (for district mayors) in a way that can be argued to be unrelated to district characteristics. Elected mayors are significantly more likely to engage in redistributive policies than their appointed counterparts: they hire and promote a significantly greater number of civil servants, and are more likely to redistribute publicly provided goods and services to households that will be more responsive to these transfers. The last chapter goes back farther in Indonesia's political history, to Soeharto's final years in office. A large theoretical literature argues that the legacies of non-democratic regimes affect the quality of governance in new democracies, but the empirical evidence is scarce. This chapter exploits a natural experiment from the Indonesian democratic transition that generated exogenous variation on how long agents of the old regime remained in office and, hence, on the degree of control that they exerted during the transition. The results show that when old-regime mayors hold office for longer, districts exhibit worse governance outcomes. These effects persist several years after the old-regime mayors are no longer in office.