Russian And Soviet Psychology In The Changing Political Environment
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Russian And Soviet Psychology In The Changing Political Environment
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Author : Heinz-Dieter Knöll
language : en
Publisher: tredition
Release Date : 2021-05-26
Russian And Soviet Psychology In The Changing Political Environment written by Heinz-Dieter Knöll and has been published by tredition this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-26 with Political Science categories.
This monograph describes psychology in changing political environments in Tsarist Russia in the mid of 19th century, the Soviet Union, and the Russian Federation until the year 2000. Russia and the Soviet Union are of special interest, because of the multitude of political changes. There were not only the so-called October-Revolution in 1917, which initiated the Soviet rule, and the breakdown of the Soviet Union in 1990. But there were also a multitude of changes in Soviet times. In the beginning of the Soviet rule there were many new developments in sciences, which also affected psychology. Since Stalin assumed power, there were many developments and ideological restrictions as well.
States Of Mind
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Author : Diane F. Halpern
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1997-07-24
States Of Mind written by Diane F. Halpern and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-07-24 with Psychology categories.
Political belief systems are, at heart, psychological theories of motivation, personality, mental health, education, and social interaction. In this volume, Diane Halpern and Alexander Voiskounsky take advantage of recent political events in the former Soviet Union which have created a unique opportunity to study the ways in which two major world powers have defined contemporary psychological issues. Because access to Western literature in psychology was strictly controlled until 1991, much of Soviet psychology developed independently of Western ideas. Likewise, impediments in communication also prevented Western researchers and theorists from enhancing their work with Soviet perspectives. Although the political climate has changed enormously, barriers to the exchange of ideas still remain. States of Mind explores newly evolving areas of psychology that are particularly important at this time in history, and addresses these topics from both post-Soviet and American perspectives. Psychologists from both backgrounds present their personal views of their own areas of expertise to offer their counterparts a portion of the psychological landscape from a new vantage point.
Post Soviet Perspectives On Russian Psychology
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Author : Vera Koltsova
language : en
Publisher: Praeger
Release Date : 1996-01-19
Post Soviet Perspectives On Russian Psychology written by Vera Koltsova and has been published by Praeger this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-01-19 with Psychology categories.
The study of psychology for the uses of the state, for industrial/labor purposes, for dealing with individual and ethnic tensions has a long history in Russia. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russian psychologists and scholars of the discipline from outside Russia have had the opportunity to reexamine the directions the discipline took as well as the directions likely to result from the new academic and political environments. This volume brings together many of the leading figures in contemporary Russian psychology, who show how the discipline got to where it is and examine what may result in the future. The volume begins with essays examining historical background; next the writers look at the period from 1985-1994 and its impact on research opportunities. This discussion is followed by a review of the major theoretical viewpoints and issues in contemporary Russian psychology. By bringing together many of the leading figures in Russian psychology, readers and researchers in psychology have a unique insight into the state of the discipline and its likely future directions.
Soviet Psychology
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Author : John McLeish
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-12-22
Soviet Psychology written by John McLeish and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-22 with Psychology categories.
Originally published in 1975, this title sets out to show us the differences between Soviet and other ways of thinking about nature, man, and society. The basic factor distinguishing Soviet psychology is that it views phenomena from the perspective of a highly articulated body of theoretical assumptions, and rejects the inductive ‘eclecticism’ of Western psychology. The theoretical framework within which Soviet psychology functions is the product of a distinctive socio-political and cultural development in Russia profoundly shaped by the institutions of autocracy and Orthodox religion, and the economic system of serfdom, and the radical revolt which grew up in opposition to this and advocated materialism, secularism, and atheism. This radical philosophic tradition in Russia, best represented by the writings of Chernishevski, fused with the doctrines of Marxism and the new science of behaviour developed by Sechenov and Pavlov to create the theoretical framework of Soviet psychology. The book also analyses the discussions, controversies, and decrees which are at the root of the contemporary science of behaviour in the Soviet Union, and points to the impressive body of empirical knowledge which has arisen. Soviet Psychology is unique in presenting Soviet psychology from an ‘inside’ point of view, and in making us appreciate the strongly theoretical stance of Soviet psychology which Professor McLeish claims is unlikely to be much influenced by the new atmosphere of détente.
Changing Values And Identities In The Post Communist World
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Author : Nadezhda Lebedeva
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-04-04
Changing Values And Identities In The Post Communist World written by Nadezhda Lebedeva and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-04 with Social Science categories.
This book offers a comparative analysis of value and identity changes in several post-Soviet countries. In light of the tremendous economic, social and political changes in former communist states, the authors compare the values, attitudes and identities of different generations and cultural groups. Based on extensive empirical data, using quantitative and qualitative methods to study complex social identities, this book examines how intergenerational value and identity changes are linked to socio-economic and political development. Topics include the rise of nationalist sentiments, identity formation of ethnic and religious groups and minorities, youth identity formation and intergenerational value conflicts.
The Russian Path
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Author : Dmitry Gel'man, Vladimir Marganiya, Otar Travin
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2020-10-20
The Russian Path written by Dmitry Gel'man, Vladimir Marganiya, Otar Travin and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-20 with Political Science categories.
The politico-economic reforms launched during the late twentieth century in post-Soviet Russia have led to contradictory and ambiguous results. The new economic environment and mode of governance that emerged have been subjected to serious criticism. What were the causes of these developments? Were they unavoidable for Russia due to specific factors grounded in the country’s previous experiences? Or were they an intended result of actions taken by the leaders of the country during the last few decades? The authors of this book share neither a deterministic approach, which implies that Russia is bound to fail because of the nature of its economic and political evolution, nor a voluntarist approach, which implies that these failures were caused only by the incompetence and/or malicious intentions of its leaders. Instead, this study offers a different framework for the analysis of political and economic developments in present-day Russia. It is based on four ‘i’s—ideas, interests, institutions, and illusions.
Power And Politics
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Author : Jerome S. Bernstein
language : en
Publisher: Shambhala Publications
Release Date : 1989
Power And Politics written by Jerome S. Bernstein and has been published by Shambhala Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Political Science categories.
This book provides in very practical terms a new way of understanding what is happening in Soviet-American relations and where we need to go from here. The author believes that we are entering a new political era as the result of profound psychological changes taking place behind the international scenes, and he identifies the archetypal forces that underlie these changes. Unlike most psychological writings on the subject, this book examines the collective influences that have impelled the superpowers toward conflict and are simultaneously impelling them toward cooperation. It argues that psychology must play a dramatic role in international relations if humanity is to avoid self-annihilation. It is the act of war itself--and not specific conflicts between groups and nations--that is the greatest threat to human survival, and our realization of this fact marks a critical turning point in the evolution of civilization. In documenting this historical evolutionary shift, Jerome Bernstein discusses the role of the hero archetype in the psychology of U.S.-Soviet relations, a redefinition of war and peace in radically new terms, and the dynamic of paranoia as a nonpathological as well as pathological factor in foreign affairs.
The Russian Theory Of Activity
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Author : Gregory Bedny
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-02-25
The Russian Theory Of Activity written by Gregory Bedny and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-25 with Psychology categories.
The opening of the former Soviet Union to the West has provided an opportunity to describe Russian human factors/ergonomics and to compare American theories and methods with it. Although this book is principally dedicated to describing the theory of activity as it applies to issues of design and training, it is also offered to a general audience of psychologists and interested lay readers. This theory studies the goal-directed behavior of man and attempts to integrate the cognitive, motivational, and behavioral aspects of activity into a holistic system. Such fundamental notions as goal, action, and self-regulation are described and analyzed from totally different theoretical points of view. This is the first comprehensive, systematic description of the theory of activity in the English language. Existing attempts to translate the theory of activity into English suffer from certain limitations. Among them, the theory of activity -- considered one of the more important accomplishments of Soviet psychological science -- has an extensive history dating back to the work of Vygotsky and his students. Subsequent development of the theory by other well-known Soviet psychologists and psychophysiologists took place within different schools with some significant differences. In the former Soviet Union, psychological theory could not be advanced unconnected to Marxist-Leninist ideology. Accordingly, theoretical formulations were subject to their own version of "political correctness." Books published in this field were addressed only to other scientists with backgrounds in the field. Moreover, the translation of the technical terms in Russian psychology frequently resist translation in the absence of the context of the debates in which they were being used. Thus, simple translation of books in this field as they were written in a specialized and politicized environment for Russian audiences is really not a particularly sensible or worthwhile undertaking. This book is addressed in the first instance to Western psychologists. It compares, among other things, analyses of work from the former Soviet Union with the work from the West. Applications of activity theory to design and learning were paramount in the Soviet Union. Using their own theoretical perspective, the authors provide a comparative analysis of the various schools working in activity theory. They hope that this book may facilitate the exchange of ideas between Russian psychological scientists and Western psychologists working in ergonomics, human factors, industrial/organizational psychology, education, learning, and related areas where the theory of activity may find general application. This book's authors attempt to provide a contribution not only to science but also to history. Western researchers have strongly influenced Russian work, but because of negative political pressure in the former USSR, the flow of concepts was one-sided. Russian ergonomists received so much from American and Western sources that it is now important to give something back. Despite the considerable similarity between Russian and American theories and methods, the special "spin" the former put on their work may stimulate new thinking on the part of their American colleagues.
Encyclopaedia Of Soviet Life
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Author : Ilya Zemtsov
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-09-08
Encyclopaedia Of Soviet Life written by Ilya Zemtsov and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-08 with History categories.
A by-product of the amazing changes now taking place within the Soviet Union is a change in rhetoric no less than reality. Under Gorbachev, the Russian language has been changing parallel with novoe politichaskoe myshenie - new political thinking - with the effect that such new expressions as have flooded the Russian language clash with the less yielding realities of Soviet economy and society. The purpose of this volume is to clarify this dynamic in Soviet life, in which stagnation and decay confront hopes and expectations for liberalization. Zemtsov argues that the Soviet political language is self-contradictory, fractured into polarities of good and evil and thus depriving the Russian language of its basic subtlety, coherence, and inner logic. This work brings to life the Orwellian world of double-speak in a post-totalitarian environment. The Soviet language has two basic components: fictions which Communist ideology proclaims as reality, and realities that are portrayed in the guise of fictions. In this sense, Zemtsov undertakes to do for the Soviet language what the great H. L. Mencken achieved for the American language -show the reality of Soviet life by making plain the fictive qualities of Soviet ideology. This is a basic library reference work, a volume of indispensable utility for political scientists, area experts, and policy analysts. It offers a taxonomy enriched by a deep, personal knowledge of the Russian language by its author. Encyclopedia of Soviet Life is at one and the same time a basic primer of Soviet contemporary politics, a deep portrait of the psychology of totalitarian manipulation, and a sensitive appreciation of the nobler aspirations of the Russian people that is part and parcel of their great language.
The Russian Transformation
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Author : Betty Glad
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
The Russian Transformation written by Betty Glad and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Russia (Federation) categories.
The transition from a Soviet to a Russian society has not been a smooth ride: crime rates have soared, corruption is at an all time high, ethnic tensions are fierce and alcoholism is on the rise. There is perhaps no more challenging phenomenon for today's political science student than the study of this transition. Politically relevant variables that can be ignored in more stable politics have been manipulated by history, revealing the importance of underlying political culture to political institutions and processes. The Soviet and Russian experience suggests that radical change is difficult to direct toward the desired end and transformation can lead to widespread anomie and institutional breakdown. This explanation of the difficulties in this process comes from a multi disciplinary perspective, combining sociological and political psychological analyses of the Russian political transition since 1985.