Scanlon And Contractualism
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Scanlon And Contractualism
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Author : Matt Matravers
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2004-08-02
Scanlon And Contractualism written by Matt Matravers and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-08-02 with Political Science categories.
This collection brings together essays by distinguished political philosophers which reflect on the detailed arguments of What We Owe to Each Other, and comment critically both on Scanlon's contractualism and his revised understandings of motivation and morality. The essays illustrate the uses of Scanlon's contractualism by applying it to moral and political problems and in so doing they provide an assessment of the ability of Scanlon's contractualism by applying it to other forms of ethical theory. The resulting volume makes an important and original contribution to the literature on Scanlon, on contractualism and on contemporary political philosophy.
Reason Justification And Contractualism
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Author : Markus Stepanians
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2021-09-20
Reason Justification And Contractualism written by Markus Stepanians and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-20 with Philosophy categories.
This book collects major original essays developed from lectures given at the award of the Lauener Prize 2016 to T. M. Scanlon for his outstanding oeuvre in Analytical philosophy. In "Contractualism and Justification," Scanlon identifies some difficulties in his theory and explores possible ways to deal with them. In "Improving Scanlon’s Contractualism," D. Parfit recommends revisions and extensions of Scanlon’s theory, while R. Forst suggests in "Justification Fundamentalism" that Scanlon may want to replace reason with justification as his foundational concept. T. Nagel raises fundamental questions concerning "Moral Reality and Moral Progress," and S. Mantel offers in "On How to Explain Rational Motivation" a critical discussion of Scanlon’s cognitivist theory of motivation. Z. Stemplowska does the same for Scanlon’s conception of responsibility in "Substantive Responsibility and the Causal Thesis," and S. Olsaretti suggests in "Equality of Opportunity and Justified Inequalities" an alternative to Scanlon’s arguments against economic inequalities. All contributors receive extensive replies by Scanlon. For anyone interested in Scanlon’s seminal work in moral and political philosophy, the present volume is utterly indispensable.
Special Issue On Scanlon And Contractualism
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Author : Matt Matravers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Special Issue On Scanlon And Contractualism written by Matt Matravers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
Contractualism
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Author : Jussi Suikkanen
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2020-05-28
Contractualism written by Jussi Suikkanen and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-28 with Philosophy categories.
This Element begins by describing T.M. Scanlon's contractualism according to which an action is right when it is authorised by the moral principles no one could reasonably reject. This view has argued to have implausible consequences with regards to how different-sized groups, non-human animals, and cognitively limited human beings should be treated. It has also been accused of being theoretically redundant and unable to vindicate the so-called deontic distinctions. I then distinguish between the general contractualist framework and Scanlon's version of contractualism. I explain how the general framework enables us to formulate many other versions of contractualism some of which can already be found in the literature. Understanding contractualism in this new way enables us both to understand the structural similarities and differences between different versions of contractualism and also to see the different objections to contractualism as internal debates about which version of contractualism is correct.
Special Issue On Scanlon And Contractualism
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Author : Matt Matravers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Special Issue On Scanlon And Contractualism written by Matt Matravers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
What We Owe To Each Other
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Author : T. M. Scanlon
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2000-11-15
What We Owe To Each Other written by T. M. Scanlon and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-11-15 with Philosophy categories.
How do we judge whether an action is morally right or wrong? If an action is wrong, what reason does that give us not to do it? Why should we give such reasons priority over our other concerns and values? In this book, T. M. Scanlon offers new answers to these questions, as they apply to the central part of morality that concerns what we owe to each other. According to his contractualist view, thinking about right and wrong is thinking about what we do in terms that could be justified to others and that they could not reasonably reject. He shows how the special authority of conclusions about right and wrong arises from the value of being related to others in this way, and he shows how familiar moral ideas such as fairness and responsibility can be understood through their role in this process of mutual justification and criticism. Scanlon bases his contractualism on a broader account of reasons, value, and individual well-being that challenges standard views about these crucial notions. He argues that desires do not provide us with reasons, that states of affairs are not the primary bearers of value, and that well-being is not as important for rational decision-making as it is commonly held to be. Scanlon is a pluralist about both moral and non-moral values. He argues that, taking this plurality of values into account, contractualism allows for most of the variability in moral requirements that relativists have claimed, while still accounting for the full force of our judgments of right and wrong.
Utilitarianism And Beyond
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Author : Amartya Sen
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1982-06-10
Utilitarianism And Beyond written by Amartya Sen and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982-06-10 with Philosophy categories.
Utilitarianism considered both as a theory of personal morality and a theory of public choice.
Nature Of Moral Duties
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Author : C. y. Kwong
language : en
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
Release Date : 2017-01-27
Nature Of Moral Duties written by C. y. Kwong and has been published by Open Dissertation Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-27 with Philosophy categories.
This dissertation, "The Nature of Moral Duties: Scanlon's Contractualist Account of 'what We Owe to Each Other'" by C Y, Kwong, 江祖胤, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled The Nature of Moral Duties-Scanlon's Contractualist Account of 'what we owe to each other' submitted by Simon C. Y. Kwong for the degree of Master of Philosophy at the University of HK in August 2003 This thesis aims at examining a contractualist account of our moral duties towards other individuals, which was proposed by Thomas Scanlon in his book What We Owe to Each Other (1998). Traditionally, utilitarianism occupies a dominant position in moral and political philosophy, and contractualism as a non-consequentialist stream of theories does not receive much attention before John Rawls＇s A Theory of Justice (1971) was published. Even within the family of contract theories, most of the attentions have been devoted to ｀justice＇ but not ｀moral duties＇. Scanlon＇s contractualist account of ｀what we owe to each other＇ therefore has two distinctive features: first, it is an account of ｀moral duties＇ towards other individuals but not an account of justice or other evaluative focal points; second, it offers a contractualist but not consequentialist foundation for ｀what we owe to each other＇. My thesis has a dual purpose: first, to examine the nature of our moral duties under this conception of ｀what we owe to each other＇; and second, to argue that contractualism does represent a genuine and appealing rival to utilitarianism and other forms of consequentialism as a foundational theory. The nature of our moral duties to other individuals is examined in terms of its normative content, motivational basis, scope and its implications on moral status, basing Apart from Rawls, David Gauthier, for example, also offers a contractarian theory of justice in his Morals by Agreement (Oxford University Press, 1986) ion a contractualist foundation. Chapter 1 will be a general discussion of social contract theories. Staring with Shelly Kagan＇s framework in analyzing normative theories, I will examine the role of contract theories in normative ethics. After a summary of the characteristics of different contract theories, I will examine some of the most pressing critiques of contract theories and try to answer them. Chapter 2 will discuss the normative content of ｀what we owe to each other＇. Some of the main ideas in Scanlon＇s account like ｀principles＇ and ｀reasonable rejection＇ will be explicated to pave the way for further discussions in later Chapters. Chapter 3 will be a direct comparison between contractualism and consequentialism. I will discuss the main divergence between contractualism and consequentialism in first-order moral questions. I will also argue how contractualism, as a non-aggregative and non-teleological theory, serves as a better foundation than consequentialism for our moral duties towards others. Chapter 4 will turn to the question of moral motivation. I will examine why we should respect our moral duties to others in terms of why we should take the considerations of ｀what we owe to each other＇ seriously. In Chapter 5, I will explain how the normative content of contractualism and contractualist moral motivation are unified by the idea of mutual justifiability to others. They together form a single subject matter and constitute a unified domain of ｀what we owe to each other＇ within the broader concept of ｀morality＇. I will then examine the scope of this particular doma
Scanlon S Contractualism And Its Critics
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Author : Kenneth R. Weisshaar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Scanlon S Contractualism And Its Critics written by Kenneth R. Weisshaar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The Original Position
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Author : Timothy Hinton
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2015-12-10
The Original Position written by Timothy Hinton and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-10 with Philosophy categories.
This volume explores and analyses the continued relevance and ramifications of the original position, the central idea of John Rawls's political philosophy.
