Scientific Method
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Scientific Method
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Author : Barry Gower
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-10-12
Scientific Method written by Barry Gower and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-12 with Philosophy categories.
The central theme running throughout this outstanding new survey is the nature of the philosophical debate created by modern science's foundation in experimental and mathematical method. More recently, recognition that reasoning in science is probabilistic generated intense debate about whether and how it should be constrained so as to ensure the practical certainty of the conclusions drawn. These debates brought to light issues of a philosophical nature which form the core of many scientific controversies today. Scientific Method: A Historical and Philosophical Introduction presents these debates through clear and comparative discussion of key figures in the history of science. Key chapters critically discuss * Galileo's demonstrative method, Bacon's inductive method, and Newton's rules of reasoning * the rise of probabilistic `Bayesian' methods in the eighteenth century * the method of hypotheses through the work of Herschel, Mill and Whewell * the conventionalist views of Poincaré and Duhem * the inductivism of Peirce, Russell and Keynes * Popper's falsification compared with Reichenbach's enumerative induction * Carnap's scientific method as Bayesian reasoning The debates are brought up to date in the final chapters by considering the ways in which ideas about method in the physical and biological sciences have affected thinking about method in the social sciences. This debate is analyzed through the ideas of key theorists such as Kuhn, Lakatos, and Feyerabend.
Scientific Method In Practice
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Author : Hugh G. Gauch
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003
Scientific Method In Practice written by Hugh G. Gauch and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Science categories.
As the gateway to scientific thinking, an understanding of the scientific method is essential for success and productivity in science. This book is the first synthesis of the practice and the philosophy of the scientific method. It will enable scientists to be better scientists by offering them a deeper understanding of the underpinnings of the scientific method, thereby leading to more productive research and experimentation. It will also give scientists a more accurate perspective on the rationality of the scientific approach and its role in society. Beginning with a discussion of today's 'science wars' and science's presuppositions, the book then explores deductive and inductive logic, probability, statistics, and parsimony, and concludes with an examination of science's powers and limits, and a look at science education. Topics relevant to a variety of disciplines are treated, and clarifying figures, case studies, and chapter summaries enhance the pedagogy. This adeptly executed, comprehensive, yet pragmatic work yields a new synergy suitable for scientists and instructors, and graduate students and advanced undergraduates.
The Scientific Method
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Author : Henry M. Cowles
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2020-04-14
The Scientific Method written by Henry M. Cowles and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-14 with Science categories.
The scientific method is just over a hundred years old. From debates about the evolution of the human mind to the rise of instrumental reasoning, Henry M. Cowles shows how the idea of a single “scientific method” emerged from a turn inward by psychologists that produced powerful epistemological and historical effects that are still with us today.
Scientific Method
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Author : John Staddon
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-12-01
Scientific Method written by John Staddon and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-01 with Psychology categories.
This book shows how science works, fails to work, or pretends to work, by looking at examples from such diverse fields as physics, biomedicine, psychology, and economics. Social science affects our lives every day through the predictions of experts and the rules and regulations they devise. Sciences like economics, sociology and health are subject to more ‘operating limitations’ than classical fields like physics or chemistry or biology. Yet, their methods and results must also be judged according to the same scientific standards. Every literate citizen should understand these standards and be able to tell the difference between good science and bad. Scientific Method enables readers to develop a critical, informed view of scientific practice by discussing concrete examples of how real scientists have approached the problems of their fields. It is ideal for students and professionals trying to make sense of the role of science in society, and of the meaning, value, and limitations of scientific methodology in the social sciences.
The Scientific Method
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Author : J. Scott Armstrong
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-06-30
The Scientific Method written by J. Scott Armstrong and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-30 with Business & Economics categories.
A guide to identifying and practicing useful scientific research for researchers, administrators, policy makers, lawyers, and journalists.
Theories Of Scientific Method
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Author : Robert Nola
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-12-18
Theories Of Scientific Method written by Robert Nola and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-18 with Philosophy categories.
What is it to be scientific? Is there such a thing as scientific method? And if so, how might such methods be justified? Robert Nola and Howard Sankey seek to provide answers to these fundamental questions in their exploration of the major recent theories of scientific method. Although for many scientists their understanding of method is something they just pick up in the course of being trained, Nola and Sankey argue that it is possible to be explicit about what this tacit understanding of method is, rather than leave it as some unfathomable mystery. They robustly defend the idea that there is such a thing as scientific method and show how this might be legitimated. This book begins with the question of what methodology might mean and explores the notions of values, rules and principles, before investigating how methodologists have sought to show that our scientific methods are rational. Part 2 of this book sets out some principles of inductive method and examines its alternatives including abduction, IBE, and hypothetico-deductivism. Part 3 introduces probabilistic modes of reasoning, particularly Bayesianism in its various guises, and shows how it is able to give an account of many of the values and rules of method. Part 4 considers the ideas of philosophers who have proposed distinctive theories of method such as Popper, Lakatos, Kuhn and Feyerabend and Part 5 continues this theme by considering philosophers who have proposed naturalised theories of method such as Quine, Laudan and Rescher. This book offers readers a comprehensive introduction to the idea of scientific method and a wide-ranging discussion of how historians of science, philosophers of science and scientists have grappled with the question over the last fifty years.
The Politics And Rhetoric Of Scientific Method
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Author : J. Schuster
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Politics And Rhetoric Of Scientific Method written by J. Schuster and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with History categories.
The institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour began comparatively earl- though not always under that name - in the Australasian region. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne immediately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appoint ments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and 1960s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of Wollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia and in New Zealand. "Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science" aims to provide a distinctive publication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume comprises a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. Papers address general issues, however, rather than local ones; parochial topics are avoided. Further more, though in each volume a majority of the contributors is from Australia or New Zealand, contributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out. Quite the reverse, in fact - they are actively encour aged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question.
The Scientific Method A Practical Guide
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Author : Michel BAKNI
language : en
Publisher: I C N
Release Date : 2025-03-05
The Scientific Method A Practical Guide written by Michel BAKNI and has been published by I C N this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-03-05 with Science categories.
Scientific research has been the driving force behind technological advancements over the past five centuries. Yet, many people perceive the study of scientific methodology and philosophy as overly theoretical, causing them to lose interest in exploring this vital field. This book aims to bridge that gap, presenting science and its methods in a straightforward, accessible format, enriched with relatable, real-life examples. Whether you are a postgraduate student or an early-career researcher, this book is crafted specifically to guide and inspire you on your scientific journey
Essentials Of Scientific Method
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Author : A. Wolf
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-05-23
Essentials Of Scientific Method written by A. Wolf and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-23 with Psychology categories.
Originally published in 1925, when it was published, this book was intended to give an up to date, concise account of the aim and methods of science with regards to Psychology. It contains chapters on various scientific methods such as the Evolutionary or Genetic Method, the Method of Difference and The Method of Residues, and chapters on probability and the laws of nature.
Charles Peirce S Theory Of Scientific Method
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Author : Francis E. Reilly
language : en
Publisher: Fordham Univ Press
Release Date : 2018-09-18
Charles Peirce S Theory Of Scientific Method written by Francis E. Reilly and has been published by Fordham Univ Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-18 with Philosophy categories.
This book is an attempt to understand a significant part of the complex thought of Charles Sanders Peirce, especially in those areas which interested him most: scientific method and related philosophical questions. It is organized primarily from Peirce's own writings, taking chronological settings into account where appropriate, and pointing out the close connections of several major themes in Peirce's work which show the rich diversity of his thought and its systematic unity. Following an introductory sketch of Peirce the thinking and writer is a study of the spirit and phases of scientific inquiry, and a consideration of its relevance to certain outstanding philosophical views which Peirce held. This double approach is necessary because his views on scientific method are interlaces with a profound and elaborate philosophy of the cosmos. Peirce's thought is unusually close-knit, and his difficulty as a writer lies in his inability to achieve a partial focus without bringing into view numerous connections and relations with the whole picture of reality. Peirce received some of the esteem he deserves when the publication of his Collected Papers began more than thirty-five years ago. Some reviewers and critics, however, have attempted to fit Peirce into their own molds in justification of a particular position; others have disinterestedly sought to present him in completely detached fashion. Here, the author has attempted to understand Peirce as Peirce intended himself to be understood, and has presented what he believes Perice's philosophy of scientific method to be. He singles out for praise Peirce's Greek insistence on the primacy of theoretical knowledge and his almost Teilhardian synthesis of evolutionary themes. Primarily philosophical, this volume analyzes Peirce's thought using a theory of knowledge and metaphysics rather than formal logic.