Seismic Assessment Of Timber Floor Diaphragms In Unreinforced Masonry Buildings
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Seismic Assessment Of Timber Floor Diaphragms In Unreinforced Masonry Buildings
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Author : Aaron W. Wilson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Seismic Assessment Of Timber Floor Diaphragms In Unreinforced Masonry Buildings written by Aaron W. Wilson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Diaphragms (Structural engineering) categories.
An integrated experimental and analytical study investigating the in-plane performance of timber floor diaphragms in URM buildings is presented. The research presented in this thesis was conducted with the primary aim of developing a revised procedure for the detailed seismic assessment of timber floor diaphragms in URM buildings. The deformation mechanics of timber floor diaphragms are presented and were used to develop an analytical model that can be used to predict diaphragm nonlinear performance. The analytical model was used to update the current idealisation of diaphragm behaviour in current seismic assessment documents. A three-phase experimental testing program is presented. Nail connection testing results indicated that connections in diaphragms contained within existing URM buildings have substantially lower initial stiffness, strength, and displacement capacity than do new connections. Small-scale diaphragm testing results proved that friction resistance between straight-edge or tongue and groove floorboards is negligible. Full-scale diaphragm testing results confirmed the highly flexible and orthotropic behaviour of timber floor diaphragms, and that a small stairwell penetration or the presence of discontinuous joists having a reliable mechanical connection do not significantly influence diaphragm performance. A finite element (FE) modelling method for timber floor diaphragms using the structural analysis software SAP2000 was appropriately validated using analytical modelling results and experimental data. Salvaged nail connection load-slip test data was used to program a diaphragm FE model to establish the representative performance of diaphragms in ~100 year old URM buildings in New Zealand. A comprehensive parametric analysis of diaphragm behaviour was subsequently undertaken. Finally, a revised assessment procedure for timber floor diaphragms was developed, which incorporates representative performance parameters, and provides suitable provisions to account for diaphragm orthotropic behaviour and for variations in key diaphragm configuration characteristics.
Seismic Assessment Of Wall Diaphragm Connections In New Zealand Unreinforced Masonry Buildings
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Author : Abdul Razak Abdul Karim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Seismic Assessment Of Wall Diaphragm Connections In New Zealand Unreinforced Masonry Buildings written by Abdul Razak Abdul Karim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Diaphragms (Structural engineering) categories.
This study presents the seismic assessment of wall-diaphragm connections in New Zealand unreinforced masonry buildings, particularly on the bolted connections applied to the existing timber members of the floor and roof diaphragms. Because of the lack of data on the local indigenous hardwood bolted connections, the experimental study to assess their strength performance was initiated. Materials tested were recycled Matai and Rimu hardwoods, which are typically used in the construction of diaphragms in New Zealand unreinforced masonry buildings. The basic properties of the timber used were determined by conducting the following tests: (1) moisture content and density tests; (2) embedding strength tests parallel to the timber grain; and (3) yield compression strength tests perpendicular to the timber grain. The main timber bolted connection tests were conducted in accordance with the ISO/DIS 10984-2. Eleven groups of different bolted connection details with at least ten replicates for each group were tested. A steel-wood-steel connection type was applied to all tested specimens. Based on the current design equations of New Zealand code, European Yield Model, and Row Shear Model, the strength prediction values were compared with the test results obtained. From the comparison made, the effectiveness of those equations to predict the bolted connection strength was identified. The use of European Yield Model and Row Shear Model equations to assess the bolted connection strength in New Zealand hardwoods is recommended. A procedure that was particularly developed to assess the wall diaphragm connections in New Zealand unreinforced masonry buildings is also presented in this thesis.
Seismic Analysis Of Multi Story Unreinforced Masonry Buildings With Flexible Diaphragms
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Author : Juan Aleman Hernandez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Seismic Analysis Of Multi Story Unreinforced Masonry Buildings With Flexible Diaphragms written by Juan Aleman Hernandez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Studies regarding the regional seismicity of New York City (NYC) indicate that earthquakes of magnitude greater than or equal to 5 have a 20-40% probability of occurring in a 50 year period. Considering that more than 50% of the large population of the region (19.1 million) is living in an area where 80% of the buildings are of old Unreinforced Masonry (URM) construction, it is likely that even a moderate earthquake could have critical consequences on public safety and the economy of this area. The main goal of this study was to develop simulation capabilities supported by experimental testing to evaluate the seismic performance of typical unreinforced masonry buildings with flexible diaphragms located in NYC. Simplified nonlinear macro-models of wood diaphragms, masonry walls and floor-to-wall connections were developed and validated individually using data from past experiments. The models are implemented in both commercial and research software to demonstrate their practical use. In particular, a new approach for modeling flexible diaphragms is proposed that is shown to provide similar accuracy to detailed finite element models at a fraction of the computation cost. The models developed were also validated as at the system level, through shake table testing of two full-scale specimens conducted as part of this study. The specimens were designed and constructed to represent the expected loading conditions of a central portion of a one-story URM building and constructed of materials representative of older masonry construction. The tests provide a unique data set that captures the interaction between flexible floors, out-of-plane walls and their connections at, full scale.The validated macro-models can be used for performance-based seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry building in NYC and elsewhere. To demonstrate their use, preliminary studies were conducted to develop out-of-plane URM fragility curves, a building-specific collapse fragility function, and estimate the seismic response of the building when subjected to a ground shaking intensity similar to the 2011 Virginia Earthquake. The probabilistic framework and new performance definitions provided by the FEMA P58 project were used to conduct a performance-based seismic assessment for an archetype unreinforced masonry building in New York City with an emphasis on out-of-plane behavior. This preliminary study served to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed models for applications in performance-based design.
Reinforcement Of Timber Elements In Existing Structures
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Author : Jorge Branco
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-04-30
Reinforcement Of Timber Elements In Existing Structures written by Jorge Branco and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
By presenting the work of the RILEM Technical Committee 245-RTE, the book provides an overview of the existing techniques for the reinforcement of timber elements, joints and structures. It consists of two parts: part I examines state-of-the-art information on reinforcement techniques, summarizes the current status of standardization, and covers STS, GiR, FRP and nanotechnology. In part II several applications of reinforcement are discussed: these include traditional structures, traditional timber frame walls, light-frame shear walls, roofs, floors, and carpentry joints. The book will benefit academics, practitioners, industry and standardization committees interested in the reinforcement of existing timber elements, joints and structures.
Seismic Analysis And Retrofitting Of Historical Buildings
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Author : Antonio Formisano
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-10-29
Seismic Analysis And Retrofitting Of Historical Buildings written by Antonio Formisano and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Seismic Assessment Behavior And Retrofit Of Heritage Buildings And Monuments
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Author : Ioannis N. Psycharis
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-05-05
Seismic Assessment Behavior And Retrofit Of Heritage Buildings And Monuments written by Ioannis N. Psycharis and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-05 with Science categories.
This book assembles, identifies and highlights the most recent developments in Rehabilitation and retrofitting of historical and heritage structures. This is an issue of paramount importance in countries with great built cultural heritage that also suffer from high seismicity, such as the countries of the eastern Mediterranean basin. Heritage structures range from traditional residential constructions to monumental structures, ancient temples, towers, castles, etc. It is generally recognized that these structures present particular difficulties in seismic response calculation through computer simulation due to the complexity of the structural system which is, generally, inhomogeneous, with several contact problems, gaps/joints, nonlinearities and brittleness in material constituents. This book contains selected papers from the ECCOMAS Thematic Conferences on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (COMPDYN) that were held in Corfu, Greece in 2011 and Kos, Greece in 2013. The Conferences brought together the scientific communities of Computational Mechanics, Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering in an effort to facilitate the exchange of ideas in topics of mutual interest and to serve as a platform for establishing links between research groups with complementary activities.
Handbook Of Research On Seismic Assessment And Rehabilitation Of Historic Structures
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Author : Asteris, Panagiotis G.
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2015-07-13
Handbook Of Research On Seismic Assessment And Rehabilitation Of Historic Structures written by Asteris, Panagiotis G. and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Rehabilitation of heritage monuments provides sustainable development and cultural significance to a region. The most sensitive aspect of the refurbishment of existing buildings lies in the renovation and recovery of structural integrity and public safety. The Handbook of Research on Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Historic Structures evaluates developing contributions in the field of earthquake engineering with regards to the analysis and treatment of structural damage inflicted by seismic activity. This book is a vital reference source for professionals, researchers, students, and engineers active in the field of earthquake engineering who are interested in the emergent developments and research available in the preservation and rehabilitation of heritage buildings following seismic activity.
Seismic Assessment Of Out Of Plane Loaded Unreinforced Masonry Walls
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Author : Hossein Derakhshan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Seismic Assessment Of Out Of Plane Loaded Unreinforced Masonry Walls written by Hossein Derakhshan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Buildings categories.
This thesis investigates the behaviour of URM walls subjected to out-of-plane seismic forces, and the study is focused primarily on single-storey and two-storey one-way spanning walls connected to flexible diaphragms. Expressions that describe the intermediate-height cracking of out-of-plane loaded one-way spanning URM walls were formulated, and wall force-displacement behaviour and the sensitivity to various parameters were studied. Crack height was identified to be particularly sensitive to low values of masonry bond strength and/or to low values of applied overburden. Crack height was found to have significant effects on both wall instability displacement and lateral resistance. A comprehensive quasi-static testing programme was developed by subjecting full-scale two-leaf and three-leaf URM walls to out-of-plane uniform forces. The objective of the tests was to develop an idealised predictive model for the out-of-plane behaviour of URM walls, by accounting the effects of different mortar mixes, multi-leaf construction and overburden loads. An in-field out-of-plane pushover testing programme was next completed, and some of the key questions about actual wall performance were answered. Wall support types and characteristics and their effect on wall behaviour were investigated by testing multiple walls having different support configurations, which included timber diaphragms, concrete ring beam, and grouted steel anchorage bars. The effect of plaster and wall finishings was investigated, and the conditions upon which the previously developed idealised predictive model had acceptable results were determined. A simplified reduced-degree-of-freedom numerical model was developed to study the dynamic behaviour of URM walls, with critical requirements of the model being an ability to account for the effects of flexible supports and an ability to predict the behaviour of two-storey walls. An existing assessment procedure for seismic assessment of out-of-plane loaded URM walls was reviewed in detail, an alternative methodology for wall assessment was introduced, and seismic assessment charts were presented for single-storey and two-storey walls.
Section 10
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Author : Jitendra Bothara
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Section 10 written by Jitendra Bothara and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Assessment And Improvement Of The Structural Performance Of Buildings In Earthquakes
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Assessment And Improvement Of The Structural Performance Of Buildings In Earthquakes written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Buildings categories.