Self And Nonself
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The Limits Of The Self
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Author : Thomas Pradeu
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2019-01-15
The Limits Of The Self written by Thomas Pradeu and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-15 with Immune system categories.
What counts as an individual in the living world? What does it mean for a living thing to remain the same through time, while constantly changing? These questions are the province of immunology, one of the most dynamic fields in biology. Immunology answers these questions with its theory of "self" and "nonself" which has dominated the field since the 1940s. Thomas Pradeu argues that this theory is inadequate, because immune responses to self constituents and immune tolerance of foreign entities are the rule, not the exception. Instead Pradeu advances an alternative theory, the continuity theory, which offers a new way to answer the question of what triggers an immune response. It also echoes the recent realization that all organisms, and not only higher vertebrates, have an immune system. Pradeu's main thesis is that the self-nonself theory should be abandoned, but that immunology still proves to be decisive for delineating the boundaries of the organism. Articulating an evolutionary and an immunological perspective, he offers an original conception of the organism. Tolerance of the fetus by the mother and of countless bacteria on the body's surfaces proves that every organism is heterogeneous, that is, made of entities of different origins. In other words, every organism appears as a chimera, a mixed living thing-the cohesiveness of which is ensured by the constant action of its immune system. The Limits of the Self, will be essential reading for anyone interested in the definition of biological individuality and the understanding of the immune system.
Military Strategies For Sustainment Of Nutrition And Immune Function In The Field
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1999-05-13
Military Strategies For Sustainment Of Nutrition And Immune Function In The Field written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-05-13 with Medical categories.
Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.
Molecular Biology Of The Cell
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Molecular Biology Of The Cell written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Cells categories.
In Silico Immunology
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Author : Darren D.R. Flower
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-04-16
In Silico Immunology written by Darren D.R. Flower and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-16 with Medical categories.
Whatever its final readership and impact, we, the Editors, feel this book is im portant. It addresses the realisation that there is a deep and abiding synergy, albeit one only now being properly explored and exploited, between immunol ogy and computational science. This area of intersection we christen in silico immunology. Immunology is an inspiration for computational scientists seek ing practical and philosophical metaphors for their work; but, at the same time, it is itself a biological discipline of such discombobulating complexity that only computational help as different as simulation and data warehousing can make its modern study tractable. Thus immunology both inspires but also requires computational science. This book deals in detail with the three main areas of in silico immunology: theoretical immunology, immunoinformatics, and artificial immune systems. While all of these are now well-established the interactions between the three are only beginning to be developed. It is a truly exciting time to be working in in silicio immunology. We are reaching a critical mass that will enable great strides to be taken and significant achievements to be made. Like David Hume, we may yet come to regret that this book falls still born from the press but we hope not. Hopefully it will instead strike a cord and tap into a burgeoning Zeitgeist ready to capitalise on the remarkable potential that is in silico immunology.
The Immune Self
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Author : Alfred I. Tauber
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1996-10-28
The Immune Self written by Alfred I. Tauber and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-10-28 with Medical categories.
The Immune Self is the first extended philosophical critique of immunology.
The Limits Of The Self
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Author : Thomas Pradeu
language : en
Publisher: OUP USA
Release Date : 2012-02-27
The Limits Of The Self written by Thomas Pradeu and has been published by OUP USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-27 with Medical categories.
Immunology asserts that an individual can be defined through self and nonself. Thomas Pradeu argues that this theory is inadequate, because immune responses to self constituents and immune tolerance of foreign entities are the rule, not the exception.
From Basic Immunology To Immune Mediated Demyelination
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Author : Gianvito Martino
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
From Basic Immunology To Immune Mediated Demyelination written by Gianvito Martino and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
This book covers the immunological and clinical aspects of central and peripheral nervous system inflammatory diseases characterized by myelin damage. Leading scientists in the field have summarized in short reviews the state of the art of neuroimmunology, with particular emphasis on basic aspects of the regulation of immune responses during demyelinating disorders. The volume will be helpful to neuroimmunologists, but also to clinicians which will find a clear and concise understanding of the main features of neuroinflammatory disease.
Physiologic Autoimmunity And Preventive Medicine
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Author : Alexander B. Poletaev
language : en
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Release Date : 2013-06-03
Physiologic Autoimmunity And Preventive Medicine written by Alexander B. Poletaev and has been published by Bentham Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-03 with Medical categories.
The immune system is a natural component, regulator and direct participant in the physiological activities in a healthy body. A considerable number of immune functions, including those related to antimicrobial defense, derive from autoclearance as well as construction and support of multicellularity. Various pathological processes in any organ are usually accompanied by different patterns of cell death and, thus, by increased exposure and presentation of self antigens. These events induce the secondary rise in production of autoantibodies with appropriate specificity (opsonins), which provides augmentation of clearance by facilitating the efficacy of macrophage-dependent consumption of debris in the affected organ. Secondary changes in production and serum content of autoantibodies can be considered the universal and earliest detectable marker of any chronic disease. Experimental and clinical production antibodies reveal antibodies against nuclear antigens, which penetrate into living cell nuclei and alter nuclear acid synthesis, cell proliferation and function. Autoantibodies can thus be regarded as hormone-like bioregulators of gene expression. The immune system is apparently able to reproduce complementary regulators for various cell receptors, including nuclear ones. The book focuses on physiological autoimmunity models and delves into the relation between autoimmunity and autoallergy in the context of disease prevention and prediction. The E-book is a unique and comprehensive monograph and includes a history and contemporary research on natural autoimmunity - a fundamental concept essential for many branches of medicine and pathology. The concepts described in this e-book also have broad practical implications for the healthcare sector, because it establishes effective method of early prediction for many different diseases and creates a basis for prophylaxis. The reference gives medical and clinical professionals a chance to revisit old dogmas and acquire fruitful perspectives for theoretical reasoning and research planning.
Advances In Immunology
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Author : Frederick W. Alt
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2009-05-26
Advances In Immunology written by Frederick W. Alt and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-26 with Medical categories.
Advances in Immunology, a long-established and highly respected publication, presents current developments as well as comprehensive reviews in immunology. Articles address the wide range of topics that comprise immunology, including molecular and cellular activation mechanisms, phylogeny and molecular evolution, and clinical modalities. Edited and authored by the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future. - Contributions from leading authorities and industry experts - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field
Immunity Based Systems
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Author : Yoshiteru Ishida
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-18
Immunity Based Systems written by Yoshiteru Ishida and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-18 with Computers categories.
After I came to know Jerne's network theory on the immune system, I became fascinated with the immune system as an information system. The main pro totypes for biological information systems have been the neural systems and the brain. However, the immune system is not only an interesting informa tion system but it may provide a design paradigm for artificial information systems. With such a consideration, I initiated a project titled "autonomous decentralized recognition mechanism of the immune network and its applica tion to distributed information processing" in 1990 under a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on a Priority Area ("Autonomous Distributed Systems") supported by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. During the project, I promoted the idea that the immune system could be a prototype of autonomous distributed systems. After the project, we organized an international workshop on immunity based systems in 1996 in conjunction with the International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems held in Kyoto, Japan. Recently, there have been several international conferences related to topics inspired by the immune system and an increasing number of research papers related to the topic. In writing this book, a decade after the project, I still believe that the immune system can be a prototype, a compact but sophisticated system that nature has shown us for building artificial information systems in this network age of the twenty-first century.