Sensibilt E Razionalit Nel Settecento
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Computing Nature
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Author : Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-21
Computing Nature written by Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is about nature considered as the totality of physical existence, the universe, and our present day attempts to understand it. If we see the universe as a network of networks of computational processes at many different levels of organization, what can we learn about physics, biology, cognition, social systems, and ecology expressed through interacting networks of elementary particles, atoms, molecules, cells, (and especially neurons when it comes to understanding of cognition and intelligence), organs, organisms and their ecologies? Regarding our computational models of natural phenomena Feynman famously wondered: “Why should it take an infinite amount of logic to figure out what one tiny piece of space/time is going to do?” Phenomena themselves occur so quickly and automatically in nature. Can we learn how to harness nature’s computational power as we harness its energy and materials? This volume includes a selection of contributions from the Symposium on Natural Computing/Unconventional Computing and Its Philosophical Significance, organized during the AISB/IACAP World Congress 2012, held in Birmingham, UK, on July 2-6, on the occasion of the centenary of Alan Turing’s birth. In this book, leading researchers investigated questions of computing nature by exploring various facets of computation as we find it in nature: relationships between different levels of computation, cognition with learning and intelligence, mathematical background, relationships to classical Turing computation and Turing’s ideas about computing nature - unorganized machines and morphogenesis. It addresses questions of information, representation and computation, interaction as communication, concurrency and agent models; in short this book presents natural computing and unconventional computing as extension of the idea of computation as symbol manipulation.
Defending Qualitative Research
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Author : Mario Cardano
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-02-20
Defending Qualitative Research written by Mario Cardano and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-20 with Social Science categories.
Focussing on the phases of qualitative research which precede and follow fieldwork – design, analysis, and textualization – this book offers new theoretical tools to tackle one of the most common criticisms advanced against qualitative research: its presumed lack of rigour. Rejecting the notion of “rigour” as formulated in quantitative research and based on the theory of probability, it proposes a theoretical frame that allows combining the goals of rigour and that of creativity through the reference to theory of argumentation. As such, it will appeal to scholars and students across the social sciences with interests in qualitative research methods.
Creating Mental Illness
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Author : Allan V. Horwitz
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2020-04-09
Creating Mental Illness written by Allan V. Horwitz and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-09 with Psychology categories.
In this surprising book, Allan V. Horwitz argues that our current conceptions of mental illness as a disease fit only a small number of serious psychological conditions and that most conditions currently regarded as mental illness are cultural constructions, normal reactions to stressful social circumstances, or simply forms of deviant behavior. "Thought-provoking and important. . .Drawing on and consolidating the ideas of a range of authors, Horwitz challenges the existing use of the term mental illness and the psychiatric ideas and practices on which this usage is based. . . . Horwitz enters this controversial territory with confidence, conviction, and clarity."—Joan Busfield, American Journal of Sociology "Horwitz properly identifies the financial incentives that urge therapists and drug companies to proliferate psychiatric diagnostic categories. He correctly identifies the stranglehold that psychiatric diagnosis has on research funding in mental health. Above all, he provides a sorely needed counterpoint to the most strident advocates of disease-model psychiatry."—Mark Sullivan, Journal of the American Medical Association "Horwitz makes at least two major contributions to our understanding of mental disorders. First, he eloquently draws on evidence from the biological and social sciences to create a balanced, integrative approach to the study of mental disorders. Second, in accomplishing the first contribution, he provides a fascinating history of the study and treatment of mental disorders. . . from early asylum work to the rise of modern biological psychiatry."—Debra Umberson, Quarterly Review of Biology
Contesting Psychiatry
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Author : Nick Crossley
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2006
Contesting Psychiatry written by Nick Crossley and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Antipsychiatry categories.
Building on his extensive research, the author explores the key social movements and organisations who have contested psychiatry and mental health in the UK between 1950 and 2000.
The Italian Risorgimento
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Author : Lucy Riall
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2002-11
The Italian Risorgimento written by Lucy Riall and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-11 with Education categories.
The Risorgimento was a turbulent and decisive period in the history of Italy. Lucy Riall's engaging account is the first book of its kind on the upheavals of the years between 1815 and 1860, when a series of crises destabilised the states of Restoration Italy and led to the creation of a troubled nation state in 1860. Comprehensive, yet original, this textbook: * Examines the social history of nineteenth century Italy and the social context of political action * Offers a critical overview of the historiography of the topic * Takes account of the most recent literature, especially literature in Italian not normally accessible to students * Adopts a broad thematic approach * Places the Italian experience in a European context
Unfree Labor
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Author : Peter KOLCHIN
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2009-06-30
Unfree Labor written by Peter KOLCHIN and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-30 with History categories.
Two massive systems of unfree labor arose, a world apart from each other, in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. The American enslavement of blacks and the Russian subjection of serfs flourished in different ways and varying degrees until they were legally abolished in the mid-nineteenth century. Historian Peter Kolchin compares and contrasts the two systems over time in this magisterial book, which clarifies the organization, structure, and dynamics of both social entities, highlighting their basic similarities while pointing out important differences discernible only in comparative perspective. These differences involved both the masters and the bondsmen. The independence and resident mentality of American slaveholders facilitated the emergence of a vigorous crusade to defend slavery from outside attack, whereas an absentee orientation and dependence on the central government rendered serfholders unable successfully to defend serfdom. Russian serfs, who generally lived on larger holdings than American slaves and faced less immediate interference in their everyday lives, found it easier to assert their communal autonomy but showed relatively little solidarity with peasants outside their own villages; American slaves, by contrast, were both more individualistic and more able to identify with all other blacks, both slave and free. Kolchin has discovered apparently universal features in master-bondsman relations, a central focus of his study, but he also shows their basic differences as he compares slave and serf life and chronicles patterns of resistance. If the masters had the upper hand, the slaves and serfs played major roles in shaping, and setting limits to, their own bondage. This truly unprecedented comparative work will fascinate historians, sociologists, and all social scientists, particularly those with an interest in comparative history and studies in slavery.
Cannibals All
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Author : George Fitzhugh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1857
Cannibals All written by George Fitzhugh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1857 with History categories.
The Ruling Race
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Author : James Oakes
language : en
Publisher: Knopf
Release Date : 2013-04-17
The Ruling Race written by James Oakes and has been published by Knopf this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-17 with Social Science categories.
This pathbreaking social history of the slaveholding South marks a turn in our understanding of antebellum America and the coming of the Civil War. Oakes's bracing analysis breaks the myth that slaveholders were a paternalistic aristocracy dedicated to the values of honor, race, and section. Instead they emerge as having much in common with their entrepreneurial counterparts in the North: they were committed to free-market commercialism and political democracy for white males. The Civil War was not an inevitable conflict between civilizations on different paths but the crack-up of a single system, the result of people and events.
The Comparative Imagination
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Author : George M. Fredrickson
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2000-07-08
The Comparative Imagination written by George M. Fredrickson and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-07-08 with History categories.
"By using an ever-widening comparative method, Fredrickson is able to illustrate the depth of institutional and intellectual incorporation of racism, and he keeps alive the possibility of moral and political reform."—Thomas Bender, New York University
The Medical Renaissance Of The Sixteenth Century
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Author : A. Wear
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1985-03-07
The Medical Renaissance Of The Sixteenth Century written by A. Wear and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985-03-07 with History categories.
This book examines the relationship of medicine to those intellectual and social changes which historians call the Renaissance. The contributors describe how the whole range of medicine, from practical therapeutics to surgery, anatomy and pharmacy, was developing. Some important questions about the nature of medicine as it was taught and practised are raised. These include the continuing vigour of Arabic and scholastic medicine, how this was reconciled with the renaissance love of all things Greek and the nature of medicine in different parts of Europe. The chapters are written by acknowledged experts in their subjects and are based on contributions read at a meeting called for the purpose in Cambridge and supported by the Wellcome Trust.