Shake Table Testing And Analytical Modeling Of A Full Scale Four Story Unbonded Post Tensioned Concrete Wall Building
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Shake Table Testing And Analytical Modeling Of A Full Scale Four Story Unbonded Post Tensioned Concrete Wall Building
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Author : Sofia Gavridou
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Shake Table Testing And Analytical Modeling Of A Full Scale Four Story Unbonded Post Tensioned Concrete Wall Building written by Sofia Gavridou and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
The level of structural damage and the associated economic impact caused by recent earthquakes worldwide have spurred an increased interest in high performance seismic resisting systems that can sustain severe earthquakes with minimal damage. A particularly efficient high performance wall system consists of precast concrete panels vertically post-tensioned to the foundation with unbonded post-tensioning steel. The system relies on the vertical unbonded post-tensioning steel for flexural strength and re-centering, while mild bonded steel bars provide energy dissipation and additional flexural strength. Under lateral loading, the traditional plastic hinge mechanism, associated with structural damage and the potential for large residual deformation, is replaced by a controlled rocking mechanism at the wall-to-foundation interface that allows the system to undergo large nonlinear displacements with minimal damage and minor residual deformations. This thesis presents experimental results from a dynamic test on a full-scale, four-story precast concrete building that utilized unbonded post-tensioned (UPT) walls in one principal direction of response and bonded post-tensioned concrete frames in the orthogonal direction. The building was subjected to simultaneous three-dimensional shaking using recorded ground motions from the 1995 Kobe earthquake. The excellent performance of the test building in the wall direction of response, exhibiting minimal damage and no residual deformations, confirms that UPT walls are a viable alternative to conventional reinforced concrete (RC) structural walls. In addition to providing experimental evidence of seismic performance of UPT walls incorporated into a building system, the tests provided valuable insight into issues typically not addressed in component-level experimental studies, such as the role of the floor diaphragm, influence of component interactions, and contributions of three-dimensional responses and torsion. As evidenced by the E-Defense test building, these effects need to be considered to obtain realistic estimates of lateral resistance and displacement demands. The tests also provided a wealth of data against which design methodologies and analytical models for UPT systems can be benchmarked. Based on a detailed assessment of the E-Defense UPT walls in accordance with ACI ITG-5.2 (2009), and the performance of the UPT walls in the tests, design implications were identified and some revisions to ACI ITG-5.2 were suggested. Finally, an analytical model of the building in the wall direction was developed. Experimental results in this direction were used to assess the ability of the model to capture the dynamic responses and interactions of unbonded post-tensioned structural systems. Correlations between analytical and experimental results were satisfactory for a range of global and local responses, and key aspects of the interaction between components such as framing action and beam elongation effects were adequately reflected in the model.
Proceedings Of 17th Symposium On Earthquake Engineering Vol 1
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Author : Manish Shrikhande
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-08-28
Proceedings Of 17th Symposium On Earthquake Engineering Vol 1 written by Manish Shrikhande and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-28 with Science categories.
This book presents select proceedings of the 17th Symposium on Earthquake Engineering organized by the Department of Earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee. The topics covered in the proceedings include engineering seismology and seismotectonics, earthquake hazard assessment, seismic microzonation and urban planning, dynamic properties of soils and ground response, ground improvement techniques for seismic hazards, computational soil dynamics, dynamic soil–structure interaction, codal provisions on earthquake-resistant design, seismic evaluation and retrofitting of structures, earthquake disaster mitigation and management, and many more. This book also discusses relevant issues related to earthquakes, such as human response and socioeconomic matters, post-earthquake rehabilitation, earthquake engineering education, public awareness, participation and enforcement of building safety laws, and earthquake prediction and early warning system. This book is a valuable reference for researchers and professionals working in the area of earthquake engineering.
Seismic Performance And Modeling Of Reinforced Concrete And Post Tensioned Precast Concrete Shear Walls
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Author : Ahmet Can Tanyeri
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Seismic Performance And Modeling Of Reinforced Concrete And Post Tensioned Precast Concrete Shear Walls written by Ahmet Can Tanyeri and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Past earthquakes have shown examples of unsatisfactory performance of buildings using reinforced concrete structural walls as the primary lateral-force-resisting system. In the 1994 Northridge earthquake, examples can be found where walls possessed too much overstrength, leading to unintended failure of collectors and floor systems, including precast and post-tensioned construction. In the 2010 Maule Chile earthquake, many structural wall buildings sustained severe damage. Although Chilean design standards result in different reinforcement detailing than is common in U.S. walls, the failure patterns raise concerns about how well conventionally reinforced structural walls in U.S. buildings will perform during the next earthquake. Alternative wall design philosophies that offer more predictable response, with better damage control, should be investigated. After the Mw 8.8 Chile earthquake, the 15-story Alto Rio building in Concepción sustained failures near the base, overturned, and came to rest on its side. The collapse of the Alto Rio building was significant because it was designed using the Chilean Building Code NCh433. Of96, which requires the use of ACI 318-95 for design of reinforced concrete structural elements intended to resist design seismic forces. The failure of the Alto Rio building is significant for many reasons. It is the first modern shear wall building of its type to collapse by overturning during an earthquake. The building is studied using forensic data and structural models of the framing system subjected to earthquake shaking. The study identifies the likely failure mechanism and suggests areas for which design and detailing practices could be improved. The capabilities and shortcomings of the analyses to identify details of the failure mechanism are themselves important outcomes of the study. A second study explores the behavior of structural wall buildings using unbonded post-tensioned structural walls. Such walls offer the opportunity to better control yielding mechanisms and promote self-centering behavior. The study focuses on the measured responses of a full-scale, four-story building model tested on the E-Defense shaking table in Japan. The seismic force-resisting system of the test building comprised two post-tensioned (PT) precast frames in one direction and two unbonded PT precast walls in the other direction. The building was designed using the latest code requirements and design recommendations available both in Japan and the U.S., including the ACI ITG-5.2-09. The test building was subjected to several earthquake ground motions, ranging from serviceability level to near collapse. Analytical studies were carried out to test the capability of the structural models to replicate behaviors important to structural engineers, and to assess whether available analysis tools are sufficient to model dynamic behavior that results when a full-scale building is subjected to realistic earthquake ground shaking. Measured response data from such an outstanding test provides an opportunity to fully understand the response characteristics of PT walls and assess the ability of nonlinear analytical models to reproduce important global and local responses, including three-dimensional system interactions, both prior to and after loss of significant lateral strength. Moreover, this study to assess behavior and system interaction of PT walls leads to improvements of the current design ideas and performance expectations. The present study examines both the collapse of the Alto Rio building in Chile and the shaking table tests of the unbonded post-tensioned wall building in Japan. The collapse study suggests areas of improvement in current design and detailing practice. The shaking table study suggests an alternative approach to design of shear walls in buildings. Both studies demonstrate the use of modern structural analysis tools to interpret building responses to earthquake shaking. Taken together, the studies provide added confidence in earthquake simulation capabilities and demonstrate alternatives for designing earthquake-resistant buildings that use structural walls.
Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure Nheri 2016 2020 Mitigating The Impact Of Natural Hazards On Civil Infrastructure And Communities
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Author : Julio Alfonso Ramirez
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-08-18
Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure Nheri 2016 2020 Mitigating The Impact Of Natural Hazards On Civil Infrastructure And Communities written by Julio Alfonso Ramirez and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Applied Mechanics Reviews
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Mechanics, Applied categories.
Proceedings Of The World Conference On Earthquake Engineering
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Proceedings Of The World Conference On Earthquake Engineering written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Buildings categories.
Each of the volumes for the 1984 conference deals with one or more topics related to earthquake engineering.
Journal Of The American Concrete Institute
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Author : American Concrete Institute
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Journal Of The American Concrete Institute written by American Concrete Institute and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Concrete categories.
Abstract Journal In Earthquake Engineering
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Abstract Journal In Earthquake Engineering written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Buildings categories.
Seismic Analysis Of Multi Story Unreinforced Masonry Buildings With Flexible Diaphragms
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Author : Juan Aleman Hernandez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Seismic Analysis Of Multi Story Unreinforced Masonry Buildings With Flexible Diaphragms written by Juan Aleman Hernandez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Studies regarding the regional seismicity of New York City (NYC) indicate that earthquakes of magnitude greater than or equal to 5 have a 20-40% probability of occurring in a 50 year period. Considering that more than 50% of the large population of the region (19.1 million) is living in an area where 80% of the buildings are of old Unreinforced Masonry (URM) construction, it is likely that even a moderate earthquake could have critical consequences on public safety and the economy of this area. The main goal of this study was to develop simulation capabilities supported by experimental testing to evaluate the seismic performance of typical unreinforced masonry buildings with flexible diaphragms located in NYC. Simplified nonlinear macro-models of wood diaphragms, masonry walls and floor-to-wall connections were developed and validated individually using data from past experiments. The models are implemented in both commercial and research software to demonstrate their practical use. In particular, a new approach for modeling flexible diaphragms is proposed that is shown to provide similar accuracy to detailed finite element models at a fraction of the computation cost. The models developed were also validated as at the system level, through shake table testing of two full-scale specimens conducted as part of this study. The specimens were designed and constructed to represent the expected loading conditions of a central portion of a one-story URM building and constructed of materials representative of older masonry construction. The tests provide a unique data set that captures the interaction between flexible floors, out-of-plane walls and their connections at, full scale.The validated macro-models can be used for performance-based seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry building in NYC and elsewhere. To demonstrate their use, preliminary studies were conducted to develop out-of-plane URM fragility curves, a building-specific collapse fragility function, and estimate the seismic response of the building when subjected to a ground shaking intensity similar to the 2011 Virginia Earthquake. The probabilistic framework and new performance definitions provided by the FEMA P58 project were used to conduct a performance-based seismic assessment for an archetype unreinforced masonry building in New York City with an emphasis on out-of-plane behavior. This preliminary study served to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed models for applications in performance-based design.
The U S Tccmar Full Scale Five Story Masonry Research Building Test
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
The U S Tccmar Full Scale Five Story Masonry Research Building Test written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Buildings, Reinforced concrete categories.