Sharing Economy Misclassification
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Sharing Economy Misclassification
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Author : Robert Redfearn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Sharing Economy Misclassification written by Robert Redfearn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This Note examines employment classification in the sharing economy by analyzing the misclassification suit launched against Uber Technologies, Inc., by its drivers. This Note concludes that a jury is likely to find, based on the current legal classification test, that all Uber drivers in the class action suit are Uber's employees. However, this Note argues that such a blanket result would be inappropriate and advocates that courts or legislatures need to construct a new employment classification test that is tailored to the complex working relationships in the sharing economy.
After The Gig
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Author : Juliet Schor
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2020-09-01
After The Gig written by Juliet Schor and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Management & Workplace Culture Book of the Year, 2020 Porchlight Business Book Awards A Publishers Weekly Fall 2020 Big Indie Book The dark side of the gig economy (Uber, Airbnb, etc.) and how to make it equitable for the users and workers most exploited. When the “sharing economy” launched a decade ago, proponents claimed that it would transform the experience of work—giving earners flexibility, autonomy, and a decent income. It was touted as a cure for social isolation and rampant ecological degradation. But this novel form of work soon sprouted a dark side: exploited Uber drivers, neighborhoods ruined by Airbnb, racial discrimination, and rising carbon emissions. Several of the most prominent platforms are now faced with existential crises as they prioritize growth over fairness and long-term viability. Nevertheless, the basic model—a peer-to-peer structure augmented by digital tech—holds the potential to meet its original promises. Based on nearly a decade of pioneering research, After the Gig dives into what went wrong with this contemporary reimagining of labor. The book examines multiple types of data from thirteen cases to identify the unique features and potential of sharing platforms that prior research has failed to pinpoint. Juliet B. Schor presents a compelling argument that we can engineer a reboot: through regulatory reforms and cooperative platforms owned and controlled by users, an equitable and truly shared economy is still possible.
Perspectives On The Sharing Economy
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Author : Indre Maurer
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2019-08-15
Perspectives On The Sharing Economy written by Indre Maurer and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-15 with Business & Economics categories.
Sharing instead of owning is one of the major trends in modern (business) life. By changing how people consume, the rise of the sharing economy has the potential to redefine the role of owners, consumers and producers, change their mode of transaction, create innovative business models, disrupt existing industries, and challenge political and regulative institutions. In addition to these practical implications, the sharing economy phenomenon represents a novel playground for theoretical advancement, attracting a multitude of research and researchers from different disciplines. While this can potentially open up new avenues for practice and theory to stimulate each other, they do not seem to go hand-in-hand at the moment. This volume brings together research from a wide variety of theoretical backgrounds and disciplines to encourage academic discourse on the sharing economy phenomenon. It comprises contributions that are grounded in different theoretical perspectives, including business history, economics, strategic management, organization studies, information systems, political science, legal studies, linguistics, and semantics. While all contributions focus on the sharing economy phenomenon, they examine the subject from different disciplinary angles. Together, they provide a coherent and comprehensive overview of research on the sharing economy.
The Sharing Economy
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Author : Maria Regina Redinha
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2018-11-21
The Sharing Economy written by Maria Regina Redinha and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-21 with Law categories.
The sharing economy is just one of several possible expressions to designate the complex model of social and economic relationships based on the intensive use of digital technology. Constant permutations and combinations allow these relationships to be established through the intervention of a third party making traditional contractual positions flexible in such a way that today’s employee is tomorrow’s entrepreneur, or today’s consumer is tomorrow’s supplier of goods and services. The current legal framework is, in many respects, unable to accommodate such big changes and new legal regulations are required where adaptation of the existing ones proves to be inadequate. This book highlights where changes are needed and where adaptations are required, with a particular focus on the Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, British and Brazilian contexts. For that, four different approaches are undertaken, namely the meta-legal, macro-legal, micro-legal and transnational approaches. The study that results from these different approaches enables readers to acquire a general view on the current legal problems arising from the sharing economy, and was a direct result of a research project of the Centre for Legal and Economic Research, at the University of Porto, funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia.
Worker Mis Classification In The Sharing Economy
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Author : Robert Sprague
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Worker Mis Classification In The Sharing Economy written by Robert Sprague and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
How is it that the world's largest taxi service claims it is not a transportation company? How can an iconic worldwide package delivery company argue that it is not in the package delivery business? These are just two idiosyncrasies of the modern economy in which microentrepreneurial contractors using their own resources carry out the fundamental operations of enterprises. Businesses and courts have long struggled trying to determine whether certain workers are employees or independent contractors. Originally, the focus was on whether the employer should be held liable to third parties for injuries arising from the employer's workers -- it controlled the actions of the workers; it should therefore be responsible for those actions. More recently, however, the focus has been on whether the employer should be responsible to the worker for unemployment insurance, workers' compensation, tax responsibilities and compensation benefits, and other liabilities associated with employees. In this latter analysis, while the focus has been on the economic reality of the employment relationship -- i.e., whether the independent contractor is truly economically independent -- control is still a critical factor. If the employer controls the worker, how can the worker truly be independent?Part of the control factor in the economic reality test is the extent to which the worker is dependent upon the employer for his or her livelihood, under the argument that the more dependent the worker is the less independent he or she actually is. With the rise of the “sharing economy” where individuals are connected through online intermediaries with potential customers needing a task performed, a room to rent, or a ride to the airport, the workers are much less dependent on the intermediary employer. As such, the tests used to classify the workers -- employees or independent contractors -- which still fundamentally focus on control, are failing. There is still some control exercised by the employer, but less worker dependence on that employer. This paper argues that the nature of work exemplified by the sharing economy requires the classification tests adjust to focus not on the dependence of the workers on the employer, but the dependence of the employer on the workers. If the enterprise arranging all of these individualized tasks and services is dependent on the service providers for its existence, then those service providers should be considered employees of the enterprise.
Sharing Economy At The Base Of The Pyramid
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Author : Israr Qureshi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-08-20
Sharing Economy At The Base Of The Pyramid written by Israr Qureshi and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-20 with Business & Economics categories.
This book explores how the sharing economy models present opportunities and also pose challenges in achieving sustainable development at the base of the pyramid. Through a 3S Framework (sharing, socialization, and social intermediation) and Reformative-Transformative classification, this book demonstrates how sharing economy models offer the potential for more inclusive and sustainable development. The book includes case studies on sharing economy models that offer products and services for free or at prices more affordable than traditional options, while also finding ways toward economic sustainability and inclusive growth. This book identifies how local resources, community social capital, and bricolage could be leveraged in the development of sharing economy models that take into account the specificities of particular communities while ensuring that the solutions can be quickly modified and replicated. Further, this book highlights that sharing economy models leverage the digital revolution to take advantage of cheaper computational capacity and global connectivity, while rapidly adapting to engage with those that have less digital literacy at the base of the pyramid. This edited book aims to present analyses of sharing economy models at the base of the pyramid, identifying characteristics that can be particularly important for sustainable development and barriers that would need to be overcome to realize its full potential. The chapters in this book are contributed by a wide range of academics and scholars who are experts in the field.
The Sharing Economy
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Author : Arun Sundararajan
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2017-04-21
The Sharing Economy written by Arun Sundararajan and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-21 with Business & Economics categories.
“An insightful guide to the forces shaping our economy” that explores the far-ranging implications of the shift to crowd-based capitalism—with case studies on Uber, Airbnb, and others (Hal Varian, Chief Economist at Google) Sharing isn’t new. Giving someone a ride, having a guest in your spare room, running errands for someone, participating in a supper club—these are not revolutionary concepts. What is new, in the “sharing economy,” is that you are not helping a friend for free; you are providing these services to a stranger for money. In this book, Arun Sundararajan, an expert on the sharing economy, explains the transition to what he describes as “crowd-based capitalism”—a new way of organizing economic activity that may supplant the traditional corporate-centered model. As peer-to-peer commercial exchange blurs the lines between the personal and the professional, how will the economy, government regulation, what it means to have a job, and our social fabric be affected? Drawing on extensive research and numerous real-world examples—including Airbnb, Lyft, Uber, Etsy, TaskRabbit, France's BlaBlaCar, China’s Didi Kuaidi, and India’s Ola, Sundararajan explains the basics of crowd-based capitalism. He describes the intriguing mix of “gift” and “market” in its transactions, demystifies emerging blockchain technologies, and clarifies the dizzying array of emerging on-demand platforms. He considers how this new paradigm changes economic growth and the future of work. Will we live in a world of empowered entrepreneurs who enjoy professional flexibility and independence? Or will we become disenfranchised digital laborers scurrying between platforms in search of the next wedge of piecework? Sundararajan highlights the important policy choices and suggests possible new directions for self-regulatory organizations, labor law, and funding our social safety net.
The Cambridge Handbook Of The Law Of The Sharing Economy
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Author : Nestor M. Davidson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-11-22
The Cambridge Handbook Of The Law Of The Sharing Economy written by Nestor M. Davidson and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-22 with Law categories.
This Handbook grapples conceptually and practically with what the sharing economy - which includes entities ranging from large for-profit firms like Airbnb, Uber, Lyft, Taskrabbit, and Upwork to smaller, non-profit collaborative initiatives - means for law, and how law, in turn, is shaping critical aspects of the sharing economy. Featuring a diverse set of contributors from many academic disciplines and countries, the book compiles the most important, up-to-date research on the regulation of the sharing economy. The first part surveys the nature of the sharing economy, explores the central challenge of balancing innovation and regulatory concerns, and examines the institutions confronting these regulatory challenges, and the second part turns to a series of specific regulatory domains, including labor and employment law, consumer protection, tax, and civil rights. This groundbreaking work should be read by anyone interested in the dynamic relationship between law and the sharing economy.
Theorizing The Sharing Economy
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Author : Indre Maurer
language : en
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Release Date : 2020-04-10
Theorizing The Sharing Economy written by Indre Maurer and has been published by Emerald Group Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-10 with Social Science categories.
This volume takes advantage of this opportunity by presenting a collection of empirical and conceptual work that explores the variety and the trajectories of new forms of organizing in the sharing economy, and in doing so builds on, rejuvenates, and refines existing organization theories.
Two Models For A Fairer Sharing Economy
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Author : Mark Graham
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Two Models For A Fairer Sharing Economy written by Mark Graham and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Millions of workers around the world join the so-called “sharing economy” every day to perform a variety of jobs. Most of these jobs are digitally mediated through internet-based platforms which connect buyers and sellers of goods and services. However, recent research has begun to highlight the many risks associated with jobs in the sharing economy (Scholz, 2016; Slee, 2016). Many such jobs are characterised by temporary contracts, long and irregular hours, low income, and are often unregulated. The work is highly commoditised, and a global market for this work means that many workers feel they are replaceable, with little bargaining power (Graham et al., 2017a). Workers are made to compete against each other which drives down wages. Thus, many workers will earn below the national minimum wage of their country of location. Since many of these jobs are small “tasks”, clients may have no formal or legal requirement to provide employment benefits to workers. In other words, many sharing economy work practices carry with them various forms of insecurities, and workers typically have less bargaining power than in standard labour markets. These risks are even more pronounced among workers in low and middle-income countries, where our research is situated. In this chapter, we discuss ways in which the sharing economy can contribute towards economic development by making its work practices fairer not just for workers in low and middle-income countries contexts, but also for those in other parts of the world. We first argue that there is a need to reframe work practices in the sharing economy. In some cases, this will mean ensuring that platforms are seen as employers (and workers are seen as employees rather than being seen as being self-employed) in cases where they exert a large amount of control over working lives. Secondly, a better understanding of the important nodes in sharing economy value chains (that is, points of influence and control) can help formulate strategies involving disruption and intervention by labour so that more value is captured for and by workers. This chapter introduces and reviews two models of cooperative working that could work in conjunction with each other to make the sharing economy fairer for workers around the world.