Sipehi
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The Sipahi
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Author : Charles River
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2023-06
The Sipahi written by Charles River and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06 with categories.
In terms of geopolitics, perhaps the most seminal event of the Middle Ages was the successful Ottoman siege of Constantinople in 1453. The city had been an imperial capital as far back as the 4th century, when Constantine the Great shifted the power center of the Roman Empire there, effectively establishing two almost equally powerful halves of antiquity's greatest empire. Constantinople would continue to serve as the capital of the Byzantine Empire even after the Western half of the Roman Empire collapsed in the late 5th century. Naturally, the Ottoman Empire would also use Constantinople as the capital of its empire after their conquest effectively ended the Byzantine Empire, and thanks to its strategic location, it has been a trading center for years and remains one today under the Turkish name of Istanbul. In the wake of taking Constantinople, the Ottoman Empire would spend the next few centuries expanding its size, power, and influence, bumping up against Eastern Europe and becoming one of the world's most important geopolitical players. It was a rise that would not truly start to wane until the 19th century. Among those who were responsible for the projection of Ottoman power, few deserve as much credit as the Sipahi. Civilizations across the steppes and the Middle East relied heavily on cavalry, and the Sipahi were elite cavalry units during medieval times for a couple of powers. That said, they were a massive contributor to the success of Ottoman warfare, and during good times for the empire, the Sipahi were rewarded, to the extent that they became their own social class, much like the Janissaries. In fact, much the way the Janissaries became less effective over time as being one denoted social status, the Sipahi and Janissaries had class resentments among each other, one of the various cracks in the Ottoman Empire that would help bring about its decline. As a result, the Sipahi's private lives in the Ottoman Empire were varied and complex, depending on their social status, wealth, education, and religion. Their homes were often luxuriously decorated, and they were usually portrayed as highly-educated and sophisticated people. The Sipahi frequently had several wives and concubines, and their houses were equipped to accommodate their many guests. They had harems, where they kept their concubines and slaves, and the maintenance of their harems was important for each Sipahi's reputation and status. Their wives and concubines were often confined to the harem, and they did not have much freedom, but in some cases, especially in wealthier families, the women were educated and had an active social life. Furthermore, the Sipahi were often involved in art, music, and writing poetry. They had castles and villas they used for parties and social events, and they were also known for organizing hunts and other sporting activities. Many of them were also highly educated and engaged in the sciences, such as mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. Religion played a dominant role in the life of the Sipahi. The majority were Muslims, and they satisfied their spiritual needs by going to mosques. However, there was often room for all faiths in their homes, and many Sipahi were tolerant of other religious groups and gave them their protection. Despite all the privileges, or perhaps because of them, being a Sipahi was dangerous, and they were the targets of assassinations by bandits, other Sipahi, rebels, or foreign powers. As such, they often traveled with their armies to protect themselves from potential attacks.
The Janissaries And Sipahi
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Author : Charles River
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2023-12-13
The Janissaries And Sipahi written by Charles River and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-13 with categories.
In terms of geopolitics, perhaps the most seminal event of the Middle Ages was the successful Ottoman siege of Constantinople in 1453. The city had been an imperial capital as far back as the 4th century, when Constantine the Great shifted the power center of the Roman Empire there, effectively establishing two almost equally powerful halves of antiquity's greatest empire. Constantinople would continue to serve as the capital of the Byzantine Empire even after the Western half of the Roman Empire collapsed in the late 5th century. Naturally, the Ottoman Empire would also use Constantinople as the capital of its empire after their conquest effectively ended the Byzantine Empire, and thanks to its strategic location, it has been a trading center for years and remains one today under the Turkish name of Istanbul. In the wake of taking Constantinople, the Ottoman Empire would spend the next few centuries expanding its size, power, and influence, bumping up against Eastern Europe and becoming one of the world's most important geopolitical players. It was a rise that would not truly start to wane until the 19th century. Among those who were responsible for the projection of Ottoman power, few deserve as much credit as the Janissaries. Established by Murad I, the Janissaries became an elite infantry force that was loyal only to the sultan. Their mission was to protect only him and in battles they were always the closest to him, forming a human shield. Originally, they consisted of non-Muslim slaves, mainly Christian boys from Byzantium. Jewish boys were not taken as soldiers and Muslims could not, by law, be enslaved. Murad had instituted a tax of one fifth on all the slaves taken in war, and the idea of only taking boys fit for fighting was called Devshirme, or blood tax. The slaves went through a very strict training, first learning to speak Turkish and practicing Ottoman traditions by living with a family chosen by the sultan. The boys also were forcibly converted to Islam, forbidden from wearing a beard and lived under monastic circumstances in celibacy. They were overseen by eunuchs and trained in special schools, enhancing their personal abilities. The main difference between these and other slaves was that they were being paid for their services. This served as a motivator and kept the soldiers loyal. Civilizations across the steppes and the Middle East relied heavily on cavalry, and the Sipahi were elite cavalry units during medieval times for a couple of powers. That said, they were a massive contributor to the success of Ottoman warfare, and during good times for the empire, the Sipahi were rewarded, to the extent that they became their own social class, much like the Janissaries. In fact, much the way the Janissaries became less effective over time as being one denoted social status, the Sipahi and Janissaries had class resentments among each other, one of the various cracks in the Ottoman Empire that would help bring about its decline. As a result, the Sipahi's private lives in the Ottoman Empire were varied and complex, depending on their social status, wealth, education, and religion. Their homes were often luxuriously decorated, and they were usually portrayed as highly-educated and sophisticated people. The Sipahi frequently had several wives and concubines, and their houses were equipped to accommodate their many guests. They had harems, where they kept their concubines and slaves, and the maintenance of their harems was important for each Sipahi's reputation and status. Their wives and concubines were often confined to the harem, and they did not have much freedom, but in some cases, especially in wealthier families, the women were educated and had an active social life.
Premchand Kalam Ka Sipahi
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Author : Amrit Rai
language : ur
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006-01-01
Premchand Kalam Ka Sipahi written by Amrit Rai and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-01 with Authors, Hindi categories.
Urdu Translation By Balraj Komal Of Raja Rao'S Award-Winning In English The Serpent And The Rope.
Economic Life In Ottoman Europe
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Author : Bruce McGowan
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1981
Economic Life In Ottoman Europe written by Bruce McGowan and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Business & Economics categories.
A painstaking study of Ottoman records, providing analyses of the economic, fiscal and demographic situation.
Hittite Landscape And Geography
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Author : Mark Weeden
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2022-05-20
Hittite Landscape And Geography written by Mark Weeden and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-20 with Reference categories.
Hittite Landscape and Geography provides a holistic geographical perspective on the study of the Late Bronze Age Hittite Civilization from Anatolia (Turkey) both as it is represented in Hittite texts and modern archaeology.
Late 18th Century Turkish Cavalry
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Author : Chris Flaherty
language : en
Publisher: Soldiershop Publishing
Release Date : 2023-10-25
Late 18th Century Turkish Cavalry written by Chris Flaherty and has been published by Soldiershop Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-25 with History categories.
A hallmark of late 18th Century Turkish style of warfare was an initial attack by thousands of massed Cavalry as the main offensive force on the battlefield. Regarded as the best in Europe, and feared with some justification for their sword mastery and valor in battle, European tactics changed in the face of the Turkish Cavalry threat. The Kapikulu Ocaklari: Standing Army’s Cavalry consisted of Sultan’s Household Guard Regiments, Zirkhli: Cuirassier - Armoured Sipahi, Sipahi Light Cavalry or Lancers; Deli; Mameluke, Bedouin and Tatar Light Cavalry. New Order Army military reforms of Sultan Selim III (1789 till 1807), had by start of the Napoleonic Wars added several Provincial Mounted Regiments of Uskudar Barracks Trained Mounted Infantry, and ten Regiments of Paid Mounted Regulars, providing Light Cavalry or Lancers. This book also covers Cavalry weapons, equipment, and battle tactics.
Warfare And Empires
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Author : Douglas M. Peers
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2022-02-16
Warfare And Empires written by Douglas M. Peers and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-16 with History categories.
It is commonplace that warfare was integral to the European expansion, pitting the superiorities of the European against the inferiorities of the ’native’. The aim of this book is to look deeper, and to examine the technological, political and economic structures and capacities of the competing forces that shaped their ability to wage war, and the impact that colonial wars had on European and non-European states and societies alike. Questions of the extent to which one side could adapt its military institutions, tactics and technology to those of its opponents figure prominently. This was far from an inevitable one-way process, and environment and disease remained vital factors. The studies also situate these conflicts within the broader debate concerning the so-called military revolution, and show that our ideas of this need to be reconsidered in the light of what was happening outside Europe.
The Industrial Electronics Handbook Five Volume Set
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Author : Bogdan M. Wilamowski
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2011-03-04
The Industrial Electronics Handbook Five Volume Set written by Bogdan M. Wilamowski and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Industrial electronics systems govern so many different functions that vary in complexity-from the operation of relatively simple applications, such as electric motors, to that of more complicated machines and systems, including robots and entire fabrication processes. The Industrial Electronics Handbook, Second Edition combines traditional and new
Time Delay Systems
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Author : Tamás Insperger
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-03-30
Time Delay Systems written by Tamás Insperger and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume collects contributions related to selected presentations from the 12th IFAC Workshop on Time Delay Systems, Ann Arbor, June 28-30, 2015. The included papers present novel techniques and new results of delayed dynamical systems. The topical spectrum covers control theory, numerical analysis, engineering and biological applications as well as experiments and case studies. The target audience primarily comprises research experts in the field of time delay systems, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students alike.
Grievance Administration Ikayet In An Ottoman Province
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Author : Michael Ursinus
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2005
Grievance Administration Ikayet In An Ottoman Province written by Michael Ursinus and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with History categories.
The 'Record Book of Complaints', from the office of the governor-general ( beylerbey ) of Rumelia, is an exceptional manuscript of the Ottoman archive. It offers a unique insight into the experience of Ottoman administration in the most important province of Ottoman Europe, Rumelia. For the first time, this important document has been translated into English and its original facsimile is reproduced. Additionally, the author provides a concise introduction to the historical context of the 'Record Book of Complaints'. This book is the first volume to appear in the Ibrahim Pasha Fund of Egypt series, a sub-series of the Royal Asiatic Society Books series.