Skill And Occupational Change
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Skill And Occupational Change
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Author : Roger Penn
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 1994
Skill And Occupational Change written by Roger Penn and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Business & Economics categories.
In this major new book leading sociologists, economists, and social psychologists present their highly original research into changes in jobs in Britain in the 1980s. Combining large-scale sample surveys, personal life-histories, and case studies of towns, employers, and worker groups, their findings give clear and often surprising answers to questions debated by social and economic observers in all advanced countries. Does technology destroy skills or rebuild them? How does skill affect the attitudes of employees and their managers towards their jobs? Are women gaining greater skill equality with men, or are they still stuck on the lower rungs of the skill and occupational ladders? The book also takes up neglected issues (what do employees really mean by a skilled job? How does skill-change link with changes in social values?) and challenges and discredits the widely held view that new technology has de-skilled the work force. Skill and Occupational Change exploits the richest single data-set available in contemporary Europe and the authors exemplify many new techniques for researching skills at work: as an economic resource, as a motor of occupational change, and as a basis for personal careers and identity. It provides the most comprehensive, authoritative, and carefully researched set of conclusions to date on skill trends and their implications and draws the authoritative new map of skill-change in British society.
Skill Prices Occupations And Changes In The Wage Structure For Low Skilled Men
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Author : Christopher Taber
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Skill Prices Occupations And Changes In The Wage Structure For Low Skilled Men written by Christopher Taber and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This paper studies the effect of the change in demand for occupations on wages for low skilled men. We develop an equilibrium model of occupational assignment in which workers have multi-dimensional skills that are exploited differently across different occupations. We allow for a rich specification of technological change which has heterogenous effects on different occupations and different parts of the skill distribution. We estimate the model combining four datasets: (1) O*NET, to measure skill intensity across occupations, (2) NLSY79, to identify life-cycle supply effects, (3) CPS (ORG), to estimate the evolution of skill prices and occupations over time, and (4) NLSY97 to see how the gain to specific skills has changed and to identify change in preferences. We have three main findings. First, the reallocation away from manual jobs towards services and changes in the wage structure were driven by demand factors while the supply of skills, selection into different occupations, and changes in preferences across cohorts played lesser role. Second, frictions play a crucial role in preventing wages in traditional blue collar occupations from falling substantially relative to other occupations. Finally, while we see an increase in the payoff to interpersonal skills over time, manual skills are substantially more important than others and still remain so for low educated males.
Skill Prices Occupations And Changes In The Wage Structure For Low Skilled Men
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Author : Christopher R. Taber
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Skill Prices Occupations And Changes In The Wage Structure For Low Skilled Men written by Christopher R. Taber and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Labor market categories.
This paper studies the effect of the change in occupational structure on wages for low skilled men. We develop a model of occupational choice in which workers have multi-dimensional skills that are exploited differently across different occupations. We allow for a rich specification of technological change which has heterogenous effects on different occupations and different parts of the skill distribution. We estimate the model combining four datasets: (1) O*NET, to measure skill intensity across occupations, (2) NLSY79, to identify life-cycle supply effects, (3) CPS (ORG), to estimate the evolution of skill prices and occupations over time, and (4) NLSY97 to see how the gain to specific skills has changed. We find that while changes in the occupational structure have affected wages of low skilled workers, the effect is not dramatic. First, the wages in traditional blue collar occupations have not fallen substantially relative to other occupations-a fact that we can not reconcile with a competitive model. Second, our decompositions show that changes in occupations explain only a small part of the patterns in wage levels over our time period. Price changes within occupation are far more important. Third, while we see an increase in the payoff to interpersonal skills, manual skills still remain the most important skill type for low educated males.
Occupational Change
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Author : Sebastian Steffen (S.M.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Occupational Change written by Sebastian Steffen (S.M.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
We derive a novel occupation-industry level panel of skill demands from the near-universe of tagged online job postings in the US for the last decade (2010-2018). We use this data to study how the skill demands of occupations have changed and how these changes affect the returns to skills. Low- and medium-wage occupations' skill demands changed more than those of high-wage ones. Thus, lower-wage workers face not only higher risks of technological displacement but also increased risks of reskilling in order to stay productive. We show that routine-biased technological change (RBTC) due to automation technologies such as ML can best explain these results, while skill-biased and (endogenously) directed technological change cannot. Technical skills, such as ML, Business, Software, and Data Skills have particularly high implied market values, as do Social Skills and Creativity. These therefore represent lucrative (re-)skill investment opportunities for workers, unlike writing and non-cognitive skills. Finally, there is significant heterogeneity in industry fixed effects with the Utilities, Mining, Management and IT Industries offering much higher returns than the Food and Retail industries, even after controlling for skills.
Occupational Change Employer Change And The Transferability Of Skills
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Author : Kathryn L. Shaw
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Occupational Change Employer Change And The Transferability Of Skills written by Kathryn L. Shaw and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with categories.
Human Capital In Transition
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Author : Ljubica Nedelkoska
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Human Capital In Transition written by Ljubica Nedelkoska and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
During the last several decades developed economies underwent salient employment shifts from manufacturing toward service production. This dissertation investigates the meaning of these changes for the occupational and skill structure of the German economy. It elaborates on the skills and occupations at risk of leaving the economy, as well as the factors that drive this risk. The altering skill structure is partly reflected in occupational switching. Therefore, in one chapter I analyze the transferability of human capital across occupations. When workers change occupations part of the previously acquired skills becomes idle at the new job and new skills have to be learnt. In the thesis, previously learnt skills which are not usable at the new occupation are called human capital redundancy and skills that yet have to be learnt are called human capital shortage. After creating measures of human capital shortage and human capital redundancy, we study their role in occupational change and wage dynamics.
The Changing Nature Of Work
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1999-10-07
The Changing Nature Of Work written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-10-07 with Business & Economics categories.
Although there is great debate about how work is changing, there is a clear consensus that changes are fundamental and ongoing. The Changing Nature of Work examines the evidence for change in the world of work. The committee provides a clearly illustrated framework for understanding changes in work and these implications for analyzing the structure of occupations in both the civilian and military sectors. This volume explores the increasing demographic diversity of the workforce, the fluidity of boundaries between lines of work, the interdependent choices for how work is structured-and ultimately, the need for an integrated systematic approach to understanding how work is changing. The book offers a rich array of data and highlighted examples on: Markets, technology, and many other external conditions affecting the nature of work. Research findings on American workers and how they feel about work. Downsizing and the trend toward flatter organizational hierarchies. Autonomy, complexity, and other aspects of work structure. The committee reviews the evolution of occupational analysis and examines the effectiveness of the latest systems in characterizing current and projected changes in civilian and military work. The occupational structure and changing work requirements in the Army are presented as a case study.
Occupational Change In Europe
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Author : Daniel Oesch
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-09-19
Occupational Change In Europe written by Daniel Oesch and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-19 with Business & Economics categories.
What types of jobs are growing: well-paid managerial jobs or low-paid auxiliary jobs, high-end professional jobs or bottom-end service jobs? Can occupational change transform affluent countries into enlarged middle-class societies? Or, on the contrary, are we heading towards a future of increasingly divided class societies? Do changes in the employment structure allow forthcoming generations to move towards more rewarding jobs than those held by their parents - or is downward mobility the more likely outcome? This book throws new light on these timely questions by drawing on extensive evidence of employment data on the pattern of occupational change in Britain, Denmark, Germany, Spain, and Switzerland since 1990. It documents the change in the employment structure, and examines the five underlying driving forces: technology, globalization, education, migration, and institutions. The book discusses whether governments really have no other choice than either occupational upgrading with soaring unemployment or full employment with expanding low-end jobs. The book gives a clear picture of the future of work, skills, and employment in today's Europe, contributing to the debate in economic sociology and labour economics.
Skill Mismatch In Labor Markets
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Author : Solomon W. Polachek
language : en
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Release Date : 2017-05-15
Skill Mismatch In Labor Markets written by Solomon W. Polachek and has been published by Emerald Group Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-15 with Business & Economics categories.
This volume contains original research articles which analyze the linkages between education and skills and the causes and consequences of different types of skill mismatch. The volume yields new insights regarding overeducation, underskilling, graduate jobs, wages returns to skills, aggregate productivity, job complexity and skill development.
The Income Effects Of Occupational Change And The Investment In Occupational Skills
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Author : Kathryn Lee Shaw
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
The Income Effects Of Occupational Change And The Investment In Occupational Skills written by Kathryn Lee Shaw and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Human capital categories.