Sleep And Alertness Management Iii Effects Of A Nap And Hypnotics On Performance During The Late Evening Night And Early Morning In Marmosets
DOWNLOAD
Download Sleep And Alertness Management Iii Effects Of A Nap And Hypnotics On Performance During The Late Evening Night And Early Morning In Marmosets PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Sleep And Alertness Management Iii Effects Of A Nap And Hypnotics On Performance During The Late Evening Night And Early Morning In Marmosets book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Sleep And Alertness Management Iii Effects Of A Nap And Hypnotics On Performance During The Late Evening Night And Early Morning In Marmosets
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Sleep And Alertness Management Iii Effects Of A Nap And Hypnotics On Performance During The Late Evening Night And Early Morning In Marmosets written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
It was already shown that napping before duty may be a good strategy to prevent performance decline during periods in which the circadian rhythm indicates the need to sleep. However, in a military setting, operational factors may prevent the onset and/or maintenance of restful sleep. In this case the use of hypnotics can be beneficial. Since immediate performance after premature waking can be required in a military setting it is important to choose hypnotics that do not result in so-called post-nap hangovers. In this study, the marmoset monkey model was validated as a model for testing the effects of drugs on performance during time shift work as is the case in many military operations. Subsequently, the effect of hypnotics in the late afternoon on performance during late evening, night and early morning missions was tested. It was proven that the homeostasis in marmoset monkeys after sleep deprivation is similar to the human homeostasis: The sleep intensity after a night of sleep deprivation, which will happen during late night or early morning duty, is increased in the first hours of sleep similar to human. Furthermore, a short nap by these animals before the sleep deprivation period can prevent most detrimental effects on performance and activity, as is the case in humans. Therefore, the marmoset monkey can be considered as a valid model for testing effects of drugs affecting the sleep and alertness behavior.
Sleep And Alertness Management Iv
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Sleep And Alertness Management Iv written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Flumazenil might be effective to maintain normal performance in case of an alertness demanding situation directly after taking a hypnotic. However, in case personnel have to be alert during a time of the day that the circadian rhythm is programmed for sleep, the use of wake promoting drugs might be more efficient. The alertness enhancer caffeine counteracted the sleep deprivation induced decline on the performance and activity. Modafinil even improved the activity. Chronic use of caffeine or modafinil did not negatively affect the performance and the activity during daytime and resulted in comparable effects as after a single use of these compounds. This means that caffeine and modafinil are both effective in reducing the sleep deprivation induced declines in performance. Moreover, the stimulants remain effective when used in combination with a hypnotic and even after chronic use no worsening of day time performance was observed. Modafinil reach its maximum effect 2-4 hours after oral administration indicating that it can only be used in situation in which the operation is planned by forehand. Caffeine, a fast and short acting compound, should be useful for short scenarios. In case long term improved alertness is needed a slow release administration will be needed.
Sleep And Alertness Management Ii Effects On Sleep Pattern And Sleep Quality In Marmosets Slaap En Alertheidsmanagement Ii Effecten Op Slaapritme En Slaapkwaliteit In Marmosetapen
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Sleep And Alertness Management Ii Effects On Sleep Pattern And Sleep Quality In Marmosets Slaap En Alertheidsmanagement Ii Effecten Op Slaapritme En Slaapkwaliteit In Marmosetapen written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
In this study, the marmoset monkey model was validated using nocturnal electroencephalogram measurements for evaluating effects on sleep quality. In order to test whether the proposed sleep inducing drugs affect the quality of sleep and/or disrupt the normal sleep cycle/architecture, the effects of the short acting hypnotic drugs temazepam, zolpidem and zaleplon on sleep were determined in the marmoset monkey. The results showed that the marmoset monkey model is a valid model for the research of sleep. Furthermore, no large differences between the effects of the tested sleep inducing drugs on the quality of sleep could be observed. All three drugs tended to affect the quality of sleep in a positive way, but also induced some 'rebound-effects'. All drugs, but temazepam especially, resulted in some carry-over effects, - i.e. after awakening animals tended to fall asleep again. On the other hand, after temazepam sleep spindles were observed often. These spindles lower the chance of awakening as a result of sensory input like noise. This was in agreement with the finding that after temazepam less frequent wakening was observed. Furthermore, there some indications that zolpidem has undesired effects in women. This might indicate that for the management of sleep in a military setting the sleep inducing drugs temazepam and zaleplon might both be useful, with the preference for temazepam.
Sleep And Alertness Management I Pharmacokinetics Of Hypnotics And Alertness Enhancers In Marmoset Monkeys Slaap En Alertheidsmanagement I Farmacokinetiek Van Slaap En Alertheidsverhogendemiddelen In Marmosetapen
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Sleep And Alertness Management I Pharmacokinetics Of Hypnotics And Alertness Enhancers In Marmoset Monkeys Slaap En Alertheidsmanagement I Farmacokinetiek Van Slaap En Alertheidsverhogendemiddelen In Marmosetapen written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
In earlier studies, possible solutions with direct usefulness in crew endurance plans were recommended; among the recommendations was the use of sleep-inducing and wake-promoting drugs. However, any pharmacological intervention may result in unwanted side-effects. Therefore, for sleep and alertness management in a military setting a combination of a short acting hypnotic drug and a fast acting stimulant drug are preferred. Human pharmacokinetics are usually well-known for approved drugs. However, if these drugs are to be used in a novel animal model setting (the marmoset), pharmacokinetics will be different and need to be re-assessed. Therefore, in this study, the pharmacokinetics of the short acting hypnotic drugs temazepam,%%zolpidem and zaleplon, and the alertness enhancers flumazenil, caffeine and modafinil were investigated to determine whether they fulfill the prerequisites of short and fast action to allow the use of these drugs in aiding sleep and enhancing alertness during military service. In order to attain this goal, sensitive and selective methods of sample preparation and analysis (HPLC and (IC-MS) were developed by using high quality separation and detection methods. The blood samples were obtained using a low-stress protocol which makes the use of an anesthetic unnecessary. This also prevents possible intervention with the anesthetic drug with the drugs under investigation.
Night Noise Guidelines For Europe
DOWNLOAD
Author : Charlotte Hurtley
language : en
Publisher: WHO Regional Office Europe
Release Date : 2009
Night Noise Guidelines For Europe written by Charlotte Hurtley and has been published by WHO Regional Office Europe this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Health & Fitness categories.
The WHO Regional Office for Europe set up a working group of experts to provide scientific advice to the Member States for the development of future legislation and policy action in the area of assessment and control of night noise exposure. The working group reviewed available scientific evidence on the health effects of night noise, and derived health-based guideline values. In December 2006, the working group and stakeholders from industry, government and nongovernmental organizations reviewed and reached general agreement on the guideline values and key texts for the final document of the "Night noise guidelines for Europe". Considering the scientific evidence on the thresholds of night noise exposure indicated by "Lnight,outside" [L suffix night,outside] as defined in the Environmental Noise Directive (2002/49/EC), an Lnight, outside of 40 dB should be the target of the night noise guideline (NNG) to protect the public, including the most vulnerable groups such as children, the chronically ill and the elderly. "Lnight,outside" value of 55 dB is recommended as an interim target for the countries where the NNG cannot be achieved in the short term for various reasons, and where policy-makers choose to adopt a stepwise approach. These guidelines are applicable to the Member States of the European Region, and may be considered as an extension to, as well as an update of, the previous WHO "Guidelines for community noise" (1999). [Ed.]
Foundations Of Psychiatric Sleep Medicine
DOWNLOAD
Author : John W. Winkelman
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010-12-23
Foundations Of Psychiatric Sleep Medicine written by John W. Winkelman and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-23 with Medical categories.
Sleep-related complaints are extremely common across the spectrum of psychiatric illness. Accurate diagnosis and management of sleep disturbances requires an understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying sleep and wakefulness, the characteristics of sleep disturbance inherent to psychiatric illness and primary sleep disorders, as well as the psychopharmacologic and behavioral treatments available. Foundations of Psychiatric Sleep Medicine provides a uniquely accessible, practical, and expert summary of current clinical concepts at the sleep-psychiatry interface. Topics covered include: basic principles in sleep science, clinical sleep history taking, primary sleep disorders in psychiatric contexts, and sleep disturbance across a range of mood, anxiety, psychotic, substance use, cognitive and developmental disorders. Written by outstanding experts in the field of sleep medicine and psychiatry, this academically rigorous and clinically useful text is an essential resource for psychiatrists, psychologists and other health professionals interested in the relationship between sleep and mental illness.
Sleep Deprivation Stimulant Medications And Cognition
DOWNLOAD
Author : Nancy J. Wesensten
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-08-23
Sleep Deprivation Stimulant Medications And Cognition written by Nancy J. Wesensten and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-23 with Health & Fitness categories.
Provides a critical review of stimulant medication literature regarding stimulant efficacy for restoring/maintaining cognition during sleep loss.
Why We Nap
DOWNLOAD
Author : STAMPI
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-27
Why We Nap written by STAMPI and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-27 with Science categories.
J ÜRGEN AscHOFF "Very bad habit! Very bad habit!" Captain Giles to Joseph Conrad who had taken a siesta. -Conrad: The Shadow Line On the Multiplicity of Rest-Activity Cycles: Some Historical and Conceptual Notes According to its title this book tries to answer the profound question of why we nap-and why Captain Giles was wrong in blaming Conrad for having napped. However, in this volume the term nap is not used in the narrower sense of an afternoon siesta; instead, emphasis is placed on the recurrent alternation between states of alertness and drowsiness, i. e. , on rest-activity cycles of high er frequency throughout the 24 hr. In view of this focus, two authors (Stampi, in Chapter I, and Ball, in Chapter 3) rightly refer to the psychologist Szymanski who was among the first to describe "polyphasic" activity patterns. Hence, I consider it appropriate to open this foreword with a few historical remarks. At the time when Szymanski (1920) made the distinction between "monophasic" and "polyphasic" rest-activity patterns and sleep-wake cy cles, respectively, not much was known about the mechanisms of such temporal structures. Although the botanists quite some time ago had demonstrated the endogenous nature of the "monophasic" sleep movements in plants, the hypothesis of an (still unknown) external driving force was favored by those who studied rhythms in animals and humans (Aschoff, 1990).
Neuroimaging Of Sleep And Sleep Disorders
DOWNLOAD
Author : Eric Nofzinger
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-03-07
Neuroimaging Of Sleep And Sleep Disorders written by Eric Nofzinger and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-07 with Medical categories.
An up-to-date, superbly illustrated practical guide to the effective use of neuroimaging in the patient with sleep disorders. The only book to date to provide comprehensive coverage of this topic. A must for all healthcare workers interested in understanding the causes, consequences and treatment of sleep disorders.
The 71f Advantage
DOWNLOAD
Author : National Defense University Press
language : en
Publisher: NDU Press
Release Date : 2010-09
The 71f Advantage written by National Defense University Press and has been published by NDU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09 with Psychology categories.
Includes a foreword by Major General David A. Rubenstein. From the editor: "71F, or "71 Foxtrot," is the AOC (area of concentration) code assigned by the U.S. Army to the specialty of Research Psychology. Qualifying as an Army research psychologist requires, first of all, a Ph.D. from a research (not clinical) intensive graduate psychology program. Due to their advanced education, research psychologists receive a direct commission as Army officers in the Medical Service Corps at the rank of captain. In terms of numbers, the 71F AOC is a small one, with only 25 to 30 officers serving in any given year. However, the 71F impact is much bigger than this small cadre suggests. Army research psychologists apply their extensive training and expertise in the science of psychology and social behavior toward understanding, preserving, and enhancing the health, well being, morale, and performance of Soldiers and military families. As is clear throughout the pages of this book, they do this in many ways and in many areas, but always with a scientific approach. This is the 71F advantage: applying the science of psychology to understand the human dimension, and developing programs, policies, and products to benefit the person in military operations. This book grew out of the April 2008 biennial conference of U.S. Army Research Psychologists, held in Bethesda, Maryland. This meeting was to be my last as Consultant to the Surgeon General for Research Psychology, and I thought it would be a good idea to publish proceedings, which had not been done before. As Consultant, I'd often wished for such a document to help explain to people what it is that Army Research Psychologists "do for a living." In addition to our core group of 71Fs, at the Bethesda 2008 meeting we had several brand-new members, and a number of distinguished retirees, the "grey-beards" of the 71F clan. Together with longtime 71F colleagues Ross Pastel and Mark Vaitkus, I also saw an unusual opportunity to capture some of the history of the Army Research Psychology specialty while providing a representative sample of current 71F research and activities. It seemed to us especially important to do this at a time when the operational demands on the Army and the total force were reaching unprecedented levels, with no sign of easing, and with the Army in turn relying more heavily on research psychology to inform its programs for protecting the health, well being, and performance of Soldiers and their families."