Slovenske Ve Ernice
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Dictionnaire Critique Et Documentaire Des Peintres Sculpteurs Dessinateurs Graveurs De Tous Les Temps Et De Tous Les Pays D K
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Author : Emmanuel Bénézit
language : fr
Publisher:
Release Date : 1911
Dictionnaire Critique Et Documentaire Des Peintres Sculpteurs Dessinateurs Graveurs De Tous Les Temps Et De Tous Les Pays D K written by Emmanuel Bénézit and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1911 with Artists categories.
A Monograph Of The Baltic Amber Bees And Evolution Of The Apoidea Hymenoptera
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Author : Michael S. Engel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
A Monograph Of The Baltic Amber Bees And Evolution Of The Apoidea Hymenoptera written by Michael S. Engel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Amber fossils categories.
[English abstract]. The bees found as Baltic amber inclusions are revised and the history of studies on these fossils is briefly reviewed. In total this subtropical Eocene fauna contains 36 species and 18 genera, all extinct. These are classified here into nine tribes, six subfamilies, and five families of which six tribes and one family are unknown in the modern fauna. The following taxa are described as new to science: Paleomelittidae, new family; Boreallodapini, Electrobombini, Eomacropidini, Melikertini, Protolithurgini, new tribes; Ctenoplectrellina, new subtribe; Boreallodape, Electrobombus, Electrolictus, Eomacropis, Glaesosmia, Liotrigonopsis, Melissites, Paleomelitta, Protolithurgus, Succinapis, Thaumastobombus, new genera; Boreallodape baltica, B. mollyae, B. striebichi, Ctenoplectrella cockerelli, C. grimaldii, Electrapis krishnorum, Electrobombus samlandensis, Electrolictus antiquus, Eomacropis glaesaria, Glaesosmia genalis, Glyptapis densopunctata, G. disareolata, Liotrigonopsis rozeni, Melikertes clypeatus, Melissites trigona, Paleomelitta nigripennis, Protobombus basilaris, Protolithurgus ditomeus, Succinapis goeleti, S. micheneri, S. proboscidea, Thaumastobombus andreniformis, new species (seven new family-, 11 new genus-, and 22 new species-group taxa). The genus Electrapis is found to be paraphyletic and the subgenera Melikertes, Roussyana, and Protobombus are given generic status outside of Electrapis. The subtribe Electrapina is elevated to tribal rank among the corbiculate Apinae and the subfamily Glyptapinae of Cockerell is reduced to subtribal rank within Osmiini. The genera Chalcobombus and Sophrobombus are newly synonymized with Protobombus. Glyptapis reducta Cockerell is synonymized with G. fuscula Cockerell, Electrapis minuta Kelner-Pillault with Apis palmnickenensis Roussy, Ctenoplectrella splendens Kelner-Pillault and C. dentata Salt both with C. viridiceps Cockerell, Electrapis apoides Manning and Chalcobombus humilis Cockerell both with Protobombus indecisus Cockerell, and Electrapis bombusoides Kelner-Pillault with E. tornquisti Cockerell (new synonymies). The following new combinations are proposed: Electrapis martialis (Cockerell), Melikertes proavus (Menge), M. stilbonotus (Engel), Kelneriapis eocenica (Kelner-Pillault), Protobombus fatalis (Cockerell), P. hirsutus (Cockerell), and Electrapis martialis (Cockerell) (new combinations). A lectotype is designated for Electrapis minuta Kelner-Pillault and neotypes designated for Apis meliponoides Buttel-Reepen, A. palmnickenensis Roussy, Chalcobombus humilis Cockerell, C. hirsutus Cockerell, C. martialis Cockerell, Ctenoplectrella dentata Salt, C. viridiceps Cockerell, Electrapis tornquisti Cockerell, Glyptapis reticulata Cockerell, G. neglecta Salt, Protobombus indecisus Cockerell, P. tristellus Cockerell, and Sophrobombus fatalis Cockerell. The subfamily Xylocopinae is recorded for the first time from amber, and the families Halictidae and Melittidae are confirmed as occurring in Baltic amber. The oldest fossils of the Halictidae, Megachilidae (Lithurginae and Megachilinae), Melittidae, and Xylocopinae are reported and described herein. Keys are presented for the identification of the Baltic amber bees. Three new recent taxa are also proposed: Penapini, Redivivini, and Meliturgulini (new tribes). Cladistic analyses of the Lithurginae, Xylocopinae, and corbiculate Apinae are presented. Preliminary investigation of lithurgine relationships demonstrates that the fossil, Protolithurgus, is sister to extant genera of the subfamily and that Lithurgus s.s. is likely paraphyletic with respect to Lithurgopsis and Microthurge. Xylocopine relationships are generally in accord with those previously proposed: Xylocopini sister to all other tribes and Manueliini sister to the abruptly narrowed mandible tribes (i.e., Ceratinini, Allodapini, and Boreallodapini). Boreallodapini, despite some apparently apomorphic similarities with Ceratinini, is supported as sister to Allodapini. The paleontological evidence for corbiculate bee phylogeny reinforces traditional concepts over relationships of these tribes and contradicts recent molecular studies. Two extinct corbiculate tribes are based on specimens that exhibit worker morphologies indicative of advanced eusocial behavior and are related to the living, advanced eusocial tribes Apini and Meliponini, supporting a hypothesis of a single origin for this behavioral characteristic. The composition of the Eocene bee fauna of Europe is discussed. The fauna is predominantly composed of long-tongued bees, but some short-tongued bees are represented in the families Halictidae, Paleomelittidae, and Melittidae. Bees in Baltic amber are generally allied with groups currently inhabiting sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia, a biogeographic pattern common to many Baltic amber groups. The phylogeny and origin of bees are discussed. The bees are a derived, monophyletic group of the spheciform wasps and presumably arose sometime in the earliest mid-Cretaceous after the origin of angiosperms. Reports of bees from Jurassic strata or earlier are all refuted. All available evidence supports the idea that bees originated shortly after flowering plants and diversified into higher lineages contemporaneously with the radiations of angiosperms. Major bee lineages (i.e., families) were thus presumably established by the late Cretaceous. A catalog of bees presently known in amber and copal is appended as is a catalog of family- and genus-group names for fossil bees (both amber inclusions and compression fossils). A preliminary outline of the tribal classification of Recent and fossil bees with their geological distribution is presented (with three new family-group taxa for living bees).
Bees Of The Family Halictidae Excluding Sphecodes Of Poland
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Author : I︠U︡. A. Pesenko
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Bees Of The Family Halictidae Excluding Sphecodes Of Poland written by I︠U︡. A. Pesenko and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Nature categories.
Solitary Wasps
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Author : Kevin M. O'Neill
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2001
Solitary Wasps written by Kevin M. O'Neill and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Nature categories.
"Solitary Wasps: Behavior and Natural History is the first general survey of the subject in more than 25 years and is the best place to turn for information about the biology and compelling behavior of these common insects. Topics covered in Solitary Wasps: Behavior and Natural History include: classification of the solitary wasps and their relation to other Hymenoptera; foraging and nesting behaviors; mating and parental strategies; thermoregulation; natural enemies; defensive strategies; and directions for future research."--Jacket.
Papers On Lepidoptera
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Author : Augustus Radcliffe Grote
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1877
Papers On Lepidoptera written by Augustus Radcliffe Grote and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1877 with Lepidoptera categories.
Slovenske Narodne Pravljice
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Author : Alojzij Bolhar
language : sl
Publisher:
Release Date : 1959
Slovenske Narodne Pravljice written by Alojzij Bolhar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1959 with Tales categories.
Collection of Slovenian folk and fairy tales.
Biological Atlas Of Aquatic Insects
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Author : Wilfried Wichard
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-10-25
Biological Atlas Of Aquatic Insects written by Wilfried Wichard and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-25 with Science categories.
A completely updated and translated edition of the author's famous book Atlas zur Biologie der Wasserinsekten. br/> This comprehensive work gives a vivid overview of the numerous adaptations of aquatic insects to life in an aquatic environment. 148 picture plates show more than 900 scanning electron microscope photographs with magnifications from 2.5 to 12,000 times natural size. Besides the habitus, they depict the wealth of morphological structures on the body surfaces. Explanatory texts as well as more than 150 additional line drawings, graphs and diagrams accompany each picture plate on its opposite page. In order to create an overview, on which the readers can orient themselves, a broad spectrum of all insect orders that include aquatic and semiaquatic insects has been chosen: Collembola, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Plecoptera, Heteroptera (Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha), Megaloptera, Planipennia, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Trichoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera (Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Blephariceridae, Deuterophlebiidae, Psychodidae, Ptychopteridae, Dixidae, Chaoboridae, Culicidae, Simuliidae, Chironomidae, Ceratopogonidae, Stratiomyidae, Athericidae, Tabanidae, Syrphidae, Ephydridae, Muscidae). The book includes aquatic insects from all continents and from a wide variety of aquatic habitats. The Biological Atlas of Aquatic Insects was inspired by the fascinating variety of aquatic insects and their diverse adaptations to a life in the aquatic environment. Underlying the diversity of life histories and differing life forms (burrowers, climbers, sprawlers, clingers, and swimmers) and the adaptations of mouthparts and feeding behaviour to the trophic systems (shredders, collectors, scrapers, piercers, predators, and parasites) are the necessary physiological mechanisms that make it possible for the insects to ecologically adapt to an aquatic mode of life. The central themes of the book, the basic functions of an aquatic mode of life, respiration and osmoregulation, have been described for all of the insect groups. Without these basic functions life in fresh water would not be possible. They are important physiological components and play a significant role in answering the question: What makes originally land dwelling insects turn into aquatic insects? The Biological Atlas of Aquatic Insects is intended for both professional and amateur entomologists working with aquatic insects as well as for students of biology and limnology and should reveal to them the fully adapted aquatic insects, which participate in freshwater ecosystems. The Biological Atlas of Aquatic Insects has already had some fine reviews in entomological journals.
Cross Sword And Lyre
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Author : Steven Saunders
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Cross Sword And Lyre written by Steven Saunders and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Music categories.
This book introduces a nearly lost music culture: the Vienna court of the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II (1619-37). During the Thirty Years War, Vienna was home to one of the largest, most resplendent musical organizations in Europe, making it an important hub for the assimilation of modern Italianate music in the German-speaking lands. Saunders looks at the music in its cultural context, showing how sacred music at this pivotal center was shaped by the composers, institutions, and ideas of the period, and he examines the life and works of the most important court composers, particularly the two imperial chapel masters Giovanni Priuli and Giovanni Valentini.
New Optimization Techniques In Engineering
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Author : Godfrey C. Onwubolu
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-03-14
New Optimization Techniques In Engineering written by Godfrey C. Onwubolu and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Presently, general-purpose optimization techniques such as Simulated Annealing, and Genetic Algorithms, have become standard optimization techniques. Concerted research efforts have been made recently in order to invent novel optimization techniques for solving real life problems, which have the attributes of memory update and population-based search solutions. The book describes a variety of these novel optimization techniques which in most cases outperform the standard optimization techniques in many application areas. New Optimization Techniques in Engineering reports applications and results of the novel optimization techniques considering a multitude of practical problems in the different engineering disciplines – presenting both the background of the subject area and the techniques for solving the problems.
Patients Evaluate General Family Practice
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Author : Richard Grol
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Patients Evaluate General Family Practice written by Richard Grol and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.