Sodium Hydroxide Via Membrane Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hydroxide E11a
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Sodium Hydroxide Via Membrane Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hydroxide E11a
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher: Intratec Solutions
Release Date : 2016-05-01
Sodium Hydroxide Via Membrane Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hydroxide E11a written by Intratec and has been published by Intratec Solutions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This report presents a cost analysis of Sodium Hydroxide production from brine. The process examined is a typical membrane process. In this process, an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine) is decomposed electrolytically in a membrane cell, producing Sodium Hydroxide and chlorine. The Sodium Hydroxide product obtained is a 50 wt% aqueous solution. Hydrogen is also generated as by-products in the process. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Chlorine", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Chlor-Alkali, Caustic Soda, NaOH
Sodium Hypochlorite Via Chemical Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hypochlorite E11a
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher: Intratec Solutions
Release Date : 2016-03-08
Sodium Hypochlorite Via Chemical Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hypochlorite E11a written by Intratec and has been published by Intratec Solutions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-08 with Business & Economics categories.
This report presents a cost analysis of sodium hypochlorite production from sodium hydroxide and chlorine. The process examined is a typical chemical process. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Chlorine Oxides and Chlorine Oxygen Acids", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Bleach, Chlorination, Caustic Soda, NaOH, Solvay Chemicals, Chlor-alkali
Sodium Hydroxide Flakes Production Cost Analysis Sodium Hydroxide E31a
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher: Intratec
Release Date : 2019-09-17
Sodium Hydroxide Flakes Production Cost Analysis Sodium Hydroxide E31a written by Intratec and has been published by Intratec this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-17 with Business & Economics categories.
This report presents a cost analysis of caustic soda flakes production from a caustic soda solution (50 wt%). In this process, caustic soda is concentrated to about 99 wt% in a specially designed evaporator and the resulting melt is fed by gravity to a flaking machine, where it is cooled and processed into flakes. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Sodium Hydroxide", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Chlor-Alkali, Caustic Soda, NaOH, Caustic Flakes
Sodium Hydroxide Via Diaphragm Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hydroxide E12a
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher: Intratec
Release Date : 2019-09-17
Sodium Hydroxide Via Diaphragm Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hydroxide E12a written by Intratec and has been published by Intratec this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-17 with Business & Economics categories.
This report presents a cost analysis of Sodium Hydroxide production from brine. The process examined is a typical diaphragm process. In this process, an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine) is decomposed electrolytically in a diaphragm cell, producing Sodium Hydroxide and chlorine. The Sodium Hydroxide product obtained is a 50 wt% aqueous solution. Hydrogen is also generated as by-products in the process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Chlorine", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) EP Patent 1427871, issued to Industrie De Nora in 2011 Keywords: Chlor-Alkali, Caustic Soda, NaOH
Sodium Hydroxide Via Lime Soda Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hydroxide E21a
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher: Intratec
Release Date : 2019-09-17
Sodium Hydroxide Via Lime Soda Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hydroxide E21a written by Intratec and has been published by Intratec this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-17 with Business & Economics categories.
This report presents a cost analysis of Sodium Hydroxide production from lime and sodium carbonate. The process examined is a conventional lime-soda process. In this process, calcium hydroxide is generated by treating lime (calcium oxide) with water. Then, calcium hydroxide reacts with soda ash (sodium carbonate) forming sodium hydroxide and Calcium Carbonate. Precipitated calcium carbonate, in solid form, and Sodium Hydroxide solution (50 wt%) are obtained as final products. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Hou, T.P., "Manufacture of Soda: With Special Reference to the Ammonia Process", 1942 Keywords: Hydrated Lime, Slaked Lime, Slake, Calcium Oxide, Lime-Soda Process
Sodium Hydroxide Via Mercury Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hydroxide E13b
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher: Intratec
Release Date : 2019-09-17
Sodium Hydroxide Via Mercury Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hydroxide E13b written by Intratec and has been published by Intratec this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-17 with Business & Economics categories.
This report presents a cost analysis of Sodium Hydroxide production from brine. The process examined is a typical mercury cell process. In this process, an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine) is decomposed electrolytically in a mercury cell, producing Sodium Hydroxide and chlorine. The Sodium Hydroxide product obtained is a 50 wt% aqueous solution. Hydrogen is also generated as by-products in the process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Chlorine", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Chlor-Alkali, Caustic Soda, NaOH
Calcium Hypochlorite Production Via Sodium Method Cost Analysis Calcium Hypochlorite E11a
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher: Intratec
Release Date : 2017-06-01
Calcium Hypochlorite Production Via Sodium Method Cost Analysis Calcium Hypochlorite E11a written by Intratec and has been published by Intratec this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This report presents a cost analysis of Calcium Hypochlorite production from slaked lime, sodium hydroxide and chlorine The process examined is a typical sodium process. This process consists mainly in passing chlorine into a slurry of slaked lime and sodium hydroxide, generating Calcium Hypochlorite and sodium chloride. After separation steps, Calcium Hypochlorite (about 70 wt%) and an aqueous solution of sodium chloride are obtained as products. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 4390512, issued to PPG Industries, Inc., in 1983 (2) US Patent 4428919, issued to PPG Industries, Inc., in 1984 Keywords: Caustic Soda, Calcium Salt, Bleaching Powder, Chlorination, Sodium Method, Slaked Lime
Chlorine Production From Sodium Chloride Cost Analysis Chlorine E11a
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher: Intratec Solutions
Release Date : 2019-09-17
Chlorine Production From Sodium Chloride Cost Analysis Chlorine E11a written by Intratec and has been published by Intratec Solutions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-17 with Business & Economics categories.
This report presents a cost analysis of Chlorine production from sodium chloride. The process examined is a typical membrane process. In this process, an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine) is decomposed electrolytically in a membrane cell, producing Chlorine. Caustic soda (50 wt%) and hydrogen are also generated as products. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) Handbook of Chlor-Alkali Technology, 2005 (2) "Chlorine", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Chlor-Alkali, Caustic Soda, NaOH
Recent Improvements Of Power Plants Management And Technology
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Author : Aleksandar Nikolic
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2017-07-13
Recent Improvements Of Power Plants Management And Technology written by Aleksandar Nikolic and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Since first AC current high-power hydropower plant was put in operation, built by Nikola Tesla and George Westinghouse in 1895 on Niagara Falls, electrification of the world has dramatically changed. The growing power demand and energy consumption in the last decades require fundamental changes in the process, power production, and services. These requirements tend to use both conventional and nonconventional energy generation in order to have power plants economically useful and environmentally friendly to the society. The goal of this textbook is to provide an up-to-date review of this important topic with specific emphasis on the current guidelines for improving overall efficiency, lowering emissions, and using large share of renewable energy.
Osmotically Driven Membrane Processes
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Author : Hongbo Du
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2018-03-28
Osmotically Driven Membrane Processes written by Hongbo Du and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Osmotically driven membrane processes (ODMPs) including forward osmosis (FO) and pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) have attracted increasing attention in fields such as water treatment, desalination, power generation, and life science. In contrast to pressure-driven membrane processes, e.g., reverse osmosis, which typically employs applied high pressure as driving force, ODMPs take advantages of naturally generated osmotic pressure as the sole source of driving force. In light of this, ODMPs possess many advantages over pressure-driven membrane processes. The advantages include low energy consumption, ease of equipment maintenance, low capital investment, high salt rejection, and high water flux. In the past decade, over 300 academic papers on ODMPs have been published in a variety of application fields. The number of such publications is still rapidly growing. The ODMPs' approach, fabrications, recent development and applications in wastewater treatment, power generation, seawater desalination, and gas absorption are presented in this book.