Spatial Organisation Of The Cells In The Mammalian Lens Epithelium And Its Role In Lens Growth
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Spatial Organisation Of The Cells In The Mammalian Lens Epithelium And Its Role In Lens Growth
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Author : Weiju Wu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Spatial Organisation Of The Cells In The Mammalian Lens Epithelium And Its Role In Lens Growth written by Weiju Wu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Eye categories.
The eye lens consists of epithelial cells, fibre cells and an outer capsule. The epithelium plays a crucial role in maintaining lens growth by continuous cell proliferation and differentiation into fibre cells throughout life. Many studies make or support the assumption that cell organisation within the epithelia of different mammalian lenses follows a common plan, while this has not been studied in detail. To better understand this and how it is associated with the development of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) in the human capsular bag after cataract surgery, I studied some basic cell characteristics in five kinds of mammalian lenses and in human donor capsular bags. The apoptotic cell number was very low in the lens epithelium. Cell density, height, cross-sectional area and volume were different in the three zones of the epithelium, and changed with age in the human lens epithelium. The majority of the cells in the peripheral capsular bag retained their polygonal morphology and were as a single layer. Cell proliferation was mainly restricted to the germinative zone (GZ) in the normal lenses and capsular bags. The proliferation index decreased with age in the human lens epithelium. FGF-2 could initiate cell proliferation by activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) signalling pathway. An FGF-2 gradient was detected in the inner surface of the bovine lens capsule and its level was statistically higher at the equator where cell proliferation and differentiation occurred. Cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and cell density and size in each zone were all consistent in the young lenses from bovine, mice, rats, rabbits and humans. This suggests that a single model may explain cell organisation in the mammalian lens epithelium and age will be one of its important parameters. Moreover, destroying the residual cell organisation in the peripheral capsular bags might prevent PCO.
Cell Biology Of The Eye
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Author : David Mcdevitt
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Cell Biology Of The Eye written by David Mcdevitt and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Science categories.
Cell Biology of the Eye discusses the eye tissues and its role in the investigations on active transport, growth factors, receptors, and differentiation. The book is comprised of articles which discuss corneal proteoglycans; transport of ions and metabolites across the corneal endothelium; the ontogeny and localization of the crystallins in eye lens development and regeneration; the biological-physical basis of lens transparency; the chromatic organization of the retina; and the dopamine neurons in the retina. This treatise will serve as a valuable reference text for graduate and professional students, teachers, researchers, clinicians, and to all in the vision field.
Ocular Size And Shape Regulation During Development
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Author : S.R. Hilfer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Ocular Size And Shape Regulation During Development written by S.R. Hilfer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The eye has fascinated scientists from the earliest days of biological investigation. The diversity of its parts and the precision of their interac tion make it a favorite model system for a variety of developmental studies. The eye is a particularly valuable experimental system not only because its tissues provide examples of fundamental processes, but also because it is a prominent and easily accessible structure at very early embryonic ages. In order to provide an open forum for investigators working on all aspects of ocular development, a series of symposia on ocular and visual de velopment was initiated in 1973. A second purpose has been to foster communication between the basic research worker and the clinical community. It is our feeling that much can be learned on both sides from this interaction. The idea for an informal meeting allowing a maximum exchange of ideas originated with Dr. Leon Candeub, who supplied the necessary driving force that made the series a reality.
Environmental Factors Influencing The Growth Of Mammalian Lens Epithelial Cells
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Author : Susan M. Meddaugh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Environmental Factors Influencing The Growth Of Mammalian Lens Epithelial Cells written by Susan M. Meddaugh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Cell culture categories.
Development Of The Ocular Lens
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Author : Frank J. Lovicu
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-02-17
Development Of The Ocular Lens written by Frank J. Lovicu and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-17 with Medical categories.
This book provides a comprehensive view of research in lens developmental biology, emphasising technical and molecular breakthroughs. Elucidation of the mechanisms that govern lens development has enabled us to understand how the normal lens forms and how developmental processes are involved in the maintenance of its normal structure, function and growth throughout life. This knowledge is fundamental to our understanding of many lens disorders. The ocular lens has also become a model for understanding the developmental biology of more complex organ systems. In this 2004 book, leading experts in lens cell biology and development discuss lens evolution, induction, morphology, the regulation of the lens cell cycle and fiber cell differentiation, as well as lens regeneration. This book is an authoritative treatment of the subject that will serve as a reference for graduate students and research scientists in developmental biology and in the visual sciences, as well as for ophthalmologists.
Functional Role Of Connexin 46 In Lens Epithelial Cell Differentiation And Growth
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Functional Role Of Connexin 46 In Lens Epithelial Cell Differentiation And Growth written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
The vertebrate lens relies on gap junction-mediated intercellular communication to maintain cellular homeostasis and lenticular transparency. Differentiation of cuboidal lens epithelial cells into cortical fiber cells involves the degradation of endogenous gap junction protein, connexin 43 (Cx43) and the up-regulation of connexin 46 (Cx46). Cx46 may also be involved in the hypoxia response in other tissues; a function that can possibly be attributed to unique phosphorylation sites at the cytoplasmic C-terminus. In this study, we have developed a mammalian (rabbit) lens epithelial cell (RLEC) culture model that overexpresses Cx46 to ascertain the role of Cx46 in differentiation and oxidative stress response. The cell line N/N1003A was stably transfected with a GFPCx46 plasmid construct, and analyzed for differentiation markers including endogenous gap junction protein isoforms (Cx43 and Cx50). Western blot analysis and visual observation determined that the stable overexpression of Cx46 (sCx46OE) induced the degradation of Cx43 and elicited morphological changes indicative of fiber cell elongation. Total RNA from RLEC culture was isolated and analyzed for mRNA levels using RT-PCR. Comparable levels of Cx43 transcript were present in wild type, transient Cx46OE (tCx46OE), and sCx46OE which suggests a post-transcriptional regulation of Cx43 degradation. Treatment of sCx46OE with proteasome inhibitors restored Cx43 protein levels, and scanning confocal microscopy supported our hypothesis that Cx43 is degraded in differentiating lens cells by way of a ubiquitinmediated proteasomal pathway. It is our conclusion that Cx46 has application in hypoxic conditioning and differentiation in addition to its conventional role as a gap junction protein.
Webvision
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Author : Helga Kolb
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Webvision written by Helga Kolb and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
International Review Of Cell And Molecular Biology
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Author : Kwang W. Jeon
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2012-05-11
International Review Of Cell And Molecular Biology written by Kwang W. Jeon and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-11 with Science categories.
International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology--both plant and animal. Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field Provides up-to-date information and directions for future research Valuable reference material for advanced undergraduates, graduate students and professional scientists
Adler S Physiology Of The Eye
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Author : Leonard A Levin
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2011-04-04
Adler S Physiology Of The Eye written by Leonard A Levin and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-04 with Medical categories.
Drs. Paul L. Kaufman, Albert Alm, Leonard A Levin, Siv F. E. Nilsson, James Ver Hoeve, and Samuel Wu present the 11th Edition of the classic text Adler's Physiology of the Eye, updated to enhance your understanding of ocular function. This full-color, user-friendly edition captures the latest molecular, genetic, and biochemical discoveries and offers you unparalleled knowledge and insight into the physiology of the eye and its structures. A new organization by function, rather than anatomy, helps you make a stronger connection between physiological principles and clinical practice; and more than 1,000 great new full-color illustrations help clarify complex concepts. You can also access the complete contents online at www.expertconsult.com. Deepen your grasp of the physiological principles that underlie visual acuity, color vision, ocular circulation, the extraocular muscle, and much more. Improve your understanding of physiology by referring to this totally updated volume--organized by function, rather than anatomy--and make a stronger connection between physiological principles and clinical practice. Better visualize information with a new, revamped format that includes 1,000 illustrations presented in full-color to better clarify complex concepts and functions. Access the most recent molecular, genetic, and biochemical discoveries affecting eye function, and gain fresh perspectives from a new, international editorial team. Search the entire contents online and download all the illustrations at www.expertconsult.com.
Molecular Biology Of The Cell
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Author : Bruce Alberts
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Molecular Biology Of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Cytology categories.