Standards And Standardization
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Standards And Their Stories
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Author : Martha Lampland
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2009
Standards And Their Stories written by Martha Lampland and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Business & Economics categories.
Standardization is one of the defining aspects of modern life, its presence so pervasive that it is usually taken for granted. However cumbersome, onerous, or simply puzzling certain standards may be, their fundamental purpose in streamlining procedures, regulating behaviors, and predicting results is rarely questioned. Indeed, the invisibility of infrastructure and the imperative of standardizing processes signify their absolute necessity. Increasingly, however, social scientists are beginning to examine the origins and effects of the standards that underpin the technology and practices of everyday life.Standards and Their Stories explores how we interact with the network of standards that shape our lives in ways both obvious and invisible. The main chapters analyze standardization in biomedical research, government bureaucracies, the insurance industry, labor markets, and computer technology, providing detailed accounts of the invention of "standard humans" for medical testing and life insurance actuarial tables, the imposition of chronological age as a biographical determinant, the accepted means of determining labor productivity, the creation of international standards for the preservation and access of metadata, and the global consequences of "ASCII imperialism" and the use of English as the lingua franca of the Internet.Accompanying these in-depth critiques are a series of examples that depict an almost infinite variety of standards, from the controversies surrounding the European Union's supposed regulation of banana curvature to the minimum health requirements for immigrants at Ellis Island, conflicting (and ever-increasing) food portion sizes, and the impact of standardized punishment metrics like "Three Strikes" laws. The volume begins with a pioneering essay from Susan Leigh Star and Martha Lampland on the nature of standards in everyday life that brings together strands from the several fields represented in the book. In an appendix, the editors provide a guide for teaching courses in this emerging interdisciplinary field, which they term "infrastructure studies," making Standards and Their Stories ideal for scholars, students, and those curious about why coffins are becoming wider, for instance, or why the Financial Accounting Standards Board refused to classify September 11 as an "extraordinary" event.
Information Technology Standards And Standardization A Global Perspective
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Author : Jakobs, Kai
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 1999-07-01
Information Technology Standards And Standardization A Global Perspective written by Jakobs, Kai and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-07-01 with Computers categories.
In light of the emerging global information infrastructure, information technology standards are becoming increasingly important. At the same time, however, the standards setting process has been criticized as being slow, inefficient and out of touch with market needs. What can be done to resolve this situation?To provide a basis for an answer to this question, Information Technology Standards and Standardization: A Global Perspective paints as full a picture as possible of the varied and diverse aspects surrounding standards and standardization. This book will serve as a foundation for research, discussion and practice as it addresses trends, problems and solutions for and by numerous disciplines, such as economics, social sciences, management studies, politics, computer science and, particularly, users.
Economic Policy And Technological Performance
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Author : Partha Dasgupta
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1987-10-15
Economic Policy And Technological Performance written by Partha Dasgupta and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-10-15 with Business & Economics categories.
A growing awareness of the contribution that technological change has made and can make to economic and social welfare has brought science and technology policy to the forefront of public discussions in both national and international forums. The papers in this volume, first presented at a Centre for Economic Policy Research conference held in London in September 1986 on the Economics of Technology Policy, represent a wide ranging contribution to the debate. Generally aimed at the non-specialist, the papers cover both the experience and application of policy as well as providing in-depth discussions of the rationale for intervention in the process of technological change. The authors include both policy-makers (Barber, Ergas and White) and the academic economists (Dasgupta, David, Griliches, Lyons, Pakes, Stiglitz and Stoneman). The volume will be of particular interest to policy-makers and their advisers concerned with technology-related issues and will contribute significantly to undergraduate and graduate courses in the same area.
Advanced Topics In Information Technology Standards And Standardization Research Volume 1
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Author : Jakobs, Kai
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2005-12-31
Advanced Topics In Information Technology Standards And Standardization Research Volume 1 written by Jakobs, Kai and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-12-31 with Computers categories.
"A collection of articles addressing a variety of aspects related to IT standards and the setting of standards"--Provided by publisher.
Engineering Rules
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Author : JoAnne Yates
language : en
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
Release Date : 2019-06-11
Engineering Rules written by JoAnne Yates and has been published by Johns Hopkins University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The first global history of voluntary consensus standard setting. Finalist, Hagley Prize in Business History, The Hagley Museum and Library / The Business History Conference Private, voluntary standards shape almost everything we use, from screw threads to shipping containers to e-readers. They have been critical to every major change in the world economy for more than a century, including the rise of global manufacturing and the ubiquity of the internet. In Engineering Rules, JoAnne Yates and Craig N. Murphy trace the standard-setting system's evolution through time, revealing a process with an astonishingly pervasive, if rarely noticed, impact on all of our lives. This type of standard setting was established in the 1880s, when engineers aimed to prove their status as professionals by creating useful standards that would be widely adopted by manufacturers while satisfying corporate customers. Yates and Murphy explain how these engineers' processes provided a timely way to set desirable standards that would have taken much longer to emerge from the market and that governments were rarely willing to set. By the 1920s, the standardizers began to think of themselves as critical to global prosperity and world peace. After World War II, standardizers transcended Cold War divisions to create standards that made the global economy possible. Finally, Yates and Murphy reveal how, since 1990, a new generation of standardizers has focused on supporting the internet and web while applying the same standard-setting process to regulate the potential social and environmental harms of the increasingly global economy. Drawing on archival materials from three continents, Yates and Murphy describe the positive ideals that sparked the standardization movement, the ways its leaders tried to realize those ideals, and the challenges the movement faces today. Engineering Rules is a riveting global history of the people, processes, and organizations that created and maintain this nearly invisible infrastructure of today's economy, which is just as important as the state or the global market.
An Introduction To Standards And Standardization
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Author : Wilfried Hesser
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
An Introduction To Standards And Standardization written by Wilfried Hesser and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Standardization categories.
Standards
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Author : Lawrence Busch
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2011
Standards written by Lawrence Busch and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Science categories.
This book investigates standards as the recipes that shape not only the physical world, but human social interactions. The author outlines the history of formal standards and describes how modern science came to be associated with the moral-technical project of standardization of both people and things. The author also explores how standards are intimately connected to power, empowering some but disempowering others.
The Cambridge Handbook Of Language Standardization
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Author : Wendy Ayres-Bennett
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-07-22
The Cambridge Handbook Of Language Standardization written by Wendy Ayres-Bennett and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-22 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Language standardization is the process by which conventional forms of a language are established and maintained. Bringing together internationally renowned experts, this Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of standardization, norms and standard languages. Chapters are grouped into five thematic areas: models and theories of standardization, questions of authority and legitimacy, literacy and education, borders and boundaries, and standardization in Late Modernity. Each chapter addresses a specific issue in detail, illustrating it with linguistic case studies and taking into account the particular political, social and cultural context. Showcasing cutting-edge research, it offers fresh perspectives that go beyond traditional accounts of the standardization of national European languages, and affords new insights into minoritized, indigenous and stateless languages. Surveying a wide range of languages and approaches, this Handbook is an essential resource for all those interested in language standards and standard languages.
The Power Of Standards
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Author : Jean-Christophe Graz
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-07-11
The Power Of Standards written by Jean-Christophe Graz and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-11 with Business & Economics categories.
Examines a new form of power in contemporary global political economy, focusing on the hybrid authority of standards in the globalisation of services. This book is also available as Open Access.
An Introduction To Standards And Standardization
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Author : Hesser
language : en
Publisher: Beuth Verlag GmbH
Release Date : 1998-10
An Introduction To Standards And Standardization written by Hesser and has been published by Beuth Verlag GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-10 with Business & Economics categories.