State Fiscal Constitutions And The Law And Politics Of Public Pensions
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State Fiscal Constitutions And The Law And Politics Of Public Pensions
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Author : Amy Monahan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
State Fiscal Constitutions And The Law And Politics Of Public Pensions written by Amy Monahan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Pension plans for state and local employees are, as a whole, significantly underfunded. This underfunding creates intense fiscal pressure on governments and often either crowds out other desired governmental spending or results in employees and retirees losing earned benefits. Political theorists often explain that underfunded public pension plans are all but inevitable given the political realities that affect funding decisions. Politicians who desire to be reelected should rationally prefer to spend money on current constituents, rather than commit scarce funds to a pension plan to pay benefits due to workers decades in the future. These dynamics are exacerbated by existing state fiscal constitutions that require balanced budgets and often restrict the ability to raise taxes. Paying a pension plan less than the amount due provides an easy way to free up money in the state budget by creating a form of debt that is not reflected on the state's balance sheet. This article presents original analysis of the effect that state fiscal constitutions - even those that contain explicit requirements to fund public pension plans - impact public pension funding dynamics. It finds that even where explicit constitutional funding requirements are in place, plans often continue to be underfunded both because of political and financial pressures, and also because of the distinct lack of an enforcement mechanism. The article concludes by suggesting that these weakness in pension funding requirements can be addressed through the creation of clear and objective funding standards and, most importantly, through the creation of enforcement mechanisms that can, where appropriate, override legislative decisions to underfund public pension plans.
Public Pensions And City Solvency
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Author : Susan M. Wachter
language : en
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Release Date : 2016-02-03
Public Pensions And City Solvency written by Susan M. Wachter and has been published by University of Pennsylvania Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-03 with Business & Economics categories.
Underfunded pension liabilities are severely threatening many cities, and policymakers are increasingly turning their attention to the legacy issues surrounding the funding of pensions. Public Pensions and City Solvency addresses this complex fiscal issue and presents strategies to achieve financial sustainability.
Constitutions In Times Of Financial Crisis
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Author : Tom Ginsburg
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-06-30
Constitutions In Times Of Financial Crisis written by Tom Ginsburg and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-30 with Law categories.
Many constitutions include provisions intended to limit the discretion of governments in economic policy. In times of financial crises, such provisions often come under pressure as a result of calls for exceptional responses to crisis situations. This volume assesses the ability of constitutional orders all over the world to cope with financial crises, and the demands for emergency powers that typically accompany them. Bringing together a variety of perspectives from legal scholars, economists, and political scientists, this volume traces the long-run implications of financial crises for constitutional order. In exploring the theoretical and practical problems raised by the constitutionalization of economic policy during times of severe crisis, this volume showcases an array of constitutional design options and the ways they channel governmental responses to emergency.
Yale Law Journal Volume 125 Number 5 March 2016
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Author : Yale Law Journal
language : en
Publisher: Quid Pro Books
Release Date : 2016-03-30
Yale Law Journal Volume 125 Number 5 March 2016 written by Yale Law Journal and has been published by Quid Pro Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-30 with Law categories.
This issue of the Yale Law Journal (the fifth issue of academic year 2015-2016) features articles and essays by notable scholars, as well as extensive student research. The contents include: "Governance Reform and the Judicial Role in Municipal Bankruptcy," by Clayton P. Gillette & David A. Skeel, Jr. "Professional Speech," by Claudia E. Haupt "Casey and the Clinic Closings: When 'Protecting Health' Obstructs Choice," by Linda Greenhouse & Reva B. Siegel "Returning to Common-Law Principles of Insider Trading After United States v. Newman," by Richard A. Epstein The student contributions are: Note, "Will Putting Cameras on Police Reduce Polarization?," by Roseanna Sommers Note, "Federal Questions and the Domestic-Relations Exception," by Bradley G. Silverman Comment, "Toward an Efficient Licensing and Rate-Setting Regime: Reconstructing § 114(i) of the Copyright Act," by Joseph Pomianowski Quality digital editions include active Contents for the issue and for individual articles, linked footnotes, active URLs in notes, and proper digital and Bluebook presentation from the original edition.
Pensions
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Author : Sinéad Agnew
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2020-08-20
Pensions written by Sinéad Agnew and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-20 with Law categories.
State pensions are the largest item in the UK social security budget, costing £96.7 billion in 2017/18. In the same year, 45.6 million people were members of UK occupational pension schemes (out of a total population of 66.4 million) and the total amount saved into workplace schemes in 2018 was £90.4 billion. A consequence of the pensions sector's large size has been that pensions law and social security law have become increasingly specialised areas of practice. Yet despite their social and economic importance and the fascinating legal issues they generate, pensions have not been the subject of sustained academic attention. This book starts to fill this gap by initiating a dialogue between practitioners and scholars working on pensions law and policy, groups who have much to learn from one another.
Peace
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Author : Oliver P. Richmond
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2023-02-23
Peace written by Oliver P. Richmond and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-23 with Political Science categories.
Very Short Introductions: Brilliant, Sharp, Inspiring The concept of peace has always attracted radical thought, action, and practices. It has been taken to mean merely an absence of overt violence or war, but in the contemporary era it is often used interchangeably with 'peacemaking', 'peacebuilding', 'conflict resolution', and 'statebuilding'. The modern concept of peace has therefore broadened from the mere absence of violence to something much more complicated. In this Very Short Introduction, Oliver Richmond explores the evolution of peace in practice and in theory, exploring our modern assumptions about peace and the various different interpretations of its applications. This second edition has been theoretically and empirically updated and introduces a new framework to understand the overall evolution of the international peace architecture. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
State And Local Pensions
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Author : Alicia H. Munnell
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2012-08-27
State And Local Pensions written by Alicia H. Munnell and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-27 with Business & Economics categories.
In the wake of the financial crisis and Great Recession, the health of state and local pension plans has emerged as a front burner policy issue. Elected officials, academic experts, and the media alike have pointed to funding shortfalls with alarm, expressing concern that pension promises are unsustainable or will squeeze out other pressing government priorities. A few local governments have even filed for bankruptcy, with pensions cited as a major cause. Alicia H. Munnell draws on both her practical experience and her research to provide a broad perspective on the challenge of state and local pensions. She shows that the story is big and complicated and cannot be viewed through a narrow prism such as accounting methods or the role of unions. By examining the diversity of the public plan universe, Munnell debunks the notion that all plans are in trouble. In fact, she finds that while a few plans are basket cases, many are functioning reasonably well. Munnell's analysis concludes that the plans in serious trouble need a major overhaul. But even the relatively healthy plans face three challenges ahead: an excessive concentration of plan assets in equities; the risk that steep benefit cuts for new hires will harm workforce quality; and the constraints plans face in adjusting future benefits for current employees. Here, Munnell proposes solutions that preserve the main strengths of state and local pensions while promoting needed reforms.
The Oxford Handbook Of Law And Politics
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Author : Keith E. Whittington
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2010-06-11
The Oxford Handbook Of Law And Politics written by Keith E. Whittington and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06-11 with Political Science categories.
The study of law and politics is one of the foundation stones of the discipline of political science, and it has been one of the most productive areas of cross-fertilization between the various subfields of political science and between political science and other cognate disciplines. This Handbook provides a comprehensive survey of the field of law and politics in all its diversity, ranging from such traditional subjects as theories of jurisprudence, constitutionalism, judicial politics and law-and-society to such re-emerging subjects as comparative judicial politics, international law, and democratization. The Oxford Handbook of Law and Politics gathers together leading scholars in the field to assess key literatures shaping the discipline today and to help set the direction of research in the decade ahead.
The Politics Of Public Budgeting
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Author : Irene S. Rubin
language : en
Publisher: CQ Press
Release Date : 2019-01-21
The Politics Of Public Budgeting written by Irene S. Rubin and has been published by CQ Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-21 with Political Science categories.
Using a "power struggles" theme to examine the dynamics of budgeting, The Politics of Public Budgeting shines a bright light on the political jockeying between interest groups, parties, officials, policymakers, and the public. Bestselling author Irene S. Rubin explains budgeting changes over time by setting issues like the federal deficit and health care expenditures in political and comparative context. The Ninth Edition offers students recent examples of public budgeting from all levels of government, emphasizing the relationship among them. Analyzing each strand of the decision-making process, Rubin shows the extraordinary coordination involved in passing a budget and achieving accountability.
Abusive Constitutional Borrowing
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Author : Rosalind Dixon
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021
Abusive Constitutional Borrowing written by Rosalind Dixon and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Authoritarianism categories.
Law is fast globalizing as a field, and many lawyers, judges and political leaders are engaged in a process of comparative borrowing. But this new form of legal globalization has darksides: it is not just a source of inspiration for those seeking to strengthen and improve democratic institutions and policies. It is increasingly an inspiration - and legitimation device - for those seeking to erode democracy by stealth, under the guise of a form of faux liberal democratic cover. Abusive Constitutional Borrowing: Legal globalization and the subversion of liberal democracy outlines this phenomenon, how it succeeds, and what we can do to prevent it. This book address current patterns of democratic retrenchment and explores its multiple variants and technologies, considering the role of legitimating ideologies that help support different modes of abusive constitutionalism. An important contribution to both legal and political scholarship, this book will of interest to all those working in the legal and political disciplines of public law, constitutional theory, political theory, and political science.
