Steel Bridge Strengthening
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Steel Bridge Strengthening
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Author : Iain L. Kennedy Reid
language : en
Publisher: Thomas Telford
Release Date : 2001
Steel Bridge Strengthening written by Iain L. Kennedy Reid and has been published by Thomas Telford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The stresses imposed on UK roads by forty tonne vehicles have led to an extensive programme of bridge improvements across the country. This book draws on case studies to create an essential tool for all bridge engineers involved in strengthening steel bridges to meet these challenges.Resulting from the Highways Agency's assessment and strengthening of steel and steel/concrete composite bridges, this report disseminates the knowledge gained and ingenuity used during this work and will be an invaluable reference for future work.
Post Tensioning A Steel Bridge
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Post Tensioning A Steel Bridge written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with categories.
The rehabilitation program carried out for the original Burlington Bay Skyway represented the Ontario Ministry of Transportation's first experience with the concept of prestressing structural steel. Part of the rehabilitation process required the strengthening of some of the structure's floorbeams, in order to meet current Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code (OHBDC) requirements. Originally built in 1958, the Skyway, a steel through truss structure, was generally designed according to CSA S6-1952 specifications for highway bridges. As a result of evaluating the entire structure according to the provisions of the 1983 edition of the OHBDC, it was found that floorbeam components were overloaded. This paper describes a novel technique of applying external prestress to the floorbeams to relieve the overstressing of members caused by member deterioration and increased design loads. The application of the prestressing forces resulted in the creation of loads acting opposite in direction to the usual gravity directed loads existing in the floorbeams. In the end, the decision to prestress the floorbeams was justified. The procedure was carried out safely, and proved to be a structurally effective and cost-efficient technique to strengthen the structure. For the covering abstract of the Conference see IRRD Abstract no. 807839.
Strengthening Steel Bridge Girders Using Cfrp
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Author : Ahmed Sabri Abd-El-Meguid
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Strengthening Steel Bridge Girders Using Cfrp written by Ahmed Sabri Abd-El-Meguid and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Bridges categories.
While traditional retrofitting methods for steel bridge girders could be time consuming and uneconomical, an alternative repair method is suggested using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) laminate strips, providing engineers with a competitive solution that will increase the life-cycle of repaired bridges. This study investigated its feasibility as an option to strengthen and rehabilitate steel bridges. The main advantages of using CFRP laminates are their light weight and durability, which results in ease of handling and maintenance. The research conducted experimental and analytical work to evaluate the effectiveness of strengthening steel beams by the use of novel CFRP laminate strips configurations. The research involved the testing of five experimental composite beams, in addition to the development of approximately 100 finite element models. The results showed a significant gain in the beam's elastic and ultimate capacities. The conclusion is that there are specific sensitive parameters controlling the effectiveness of the CFRP laminate rehabilitation technique. An adequate AASHTO design of the rehabilitation method, which takes into consideration the effective parameters, would result in an effective bridge structure.
Strengthening Of Existing Single Span Steel Beam And Concrete Deck Bridges
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Strengthening Of Existing Single Span Steel Beam And Concrete Deck Bridges written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Bridges categories.
Concrete Bridge Strengthening And Repair
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Author : Iain Kennedy-Reid
language : en
Publisher: Thomas Telford Limited
Release Date : 2009-01-15
Concrete Bridge Strengthening And Repair written by Iain Kennedy-Reid and has been published by Thomas Telford Limited this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Covering a wide range of structural elements and related defects, this collection of twenty concrete bridge strengthening and repair case studies showcases solutions to real problems encountered in the field and the processes by which those solutions were developed. Drawing on a lifetime of experience Atkins consultant Iain Kennedy Reid provides insight into methods of investigation and diagnosis of problems relating to beams, slabs, columns and panel walls, as well as how to apply demand-led research to these problems in a practical way. Following on from the success of Steel Bridge Strengthening, Concrete Bridge Strengthening and Repair is a timely and essential reference work for all those involved with concrete bridge design and maintenance, from bridge engineers and designers to consultants and local authorities. Concrete Bridge Strengthening and Repair is an invaluable resource for practitioners involved in all aspects of bridge engineering – from bridge maintenance engineers to bridge designers and consultants to local authorities. Lecturers and students within bridge engineering will also benefit.
Strengthening Existing Steel Bridge Girders By The Use Of Post Installed Shear Connectors
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Author : Gun Up Kwon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Strengthening Existing Steel Bridge Girders By The Use Of Post Installed Shear Connectors written by Gun Up Kwon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Bridges categories.
A number of older bridges built before the 1970's were constructed with floor systems consisting of a non-composite concrete slab over steel girders. Many of these bridges do not satisfy current load requirements and may require replacement or strengthening. A potentially economical means of strengthening these floor systems is to connect the existing concrete slab and steel girders to permit the development of composite action. This dissertation describes a research program investigating methods to develop composite action in existing non-composite floor systems by the use of postinstalled shear connectors. Three types of post-installed shear connection methods were investigated. These methods are referred to as the double-nut bolt, the high tension friction grip bolt, and the adhesive anchor. These post-installed shear connectors were tested under static and fatigue loading, and design equations for ultimate strength and fatigue strength were developed. These post-installed shear connectors showed significantly higher fatigue strength than conventional welded shear studs widely used for new construction. The superior fatigue strength of these post-installed shear connectors enables strengthening of existing bridge girders using partial composite design, thereby requiring significantly fewer shear connectors than possible with conventional welded shear studs. Five full-scale non-composite beams were constructed and four of these were retrofitted with post-installed shear connectors and tested under static load. The retrofitted composite beams were designed as partially composite with a 30-percent shear connection ratio. A non-composite beam was also tested as a baseline specimen. Test results of the full-scale composite beams showed that the strength and stiffness of existing non-composite bridge girders can be increased significantly. Further, excellent ductility of the strengthened partially composite girders was achieved by placing the postinstalled shear connectors near zero moment regions to reduce slip at the steel-concrete interface. Parametric studies using the finite element program ABAQUS were also conducted to investigate the effects of beam depth, span length, and shear connection ratio on the system behavior of strengthened partially composite beams. The studies showed that current simplified design approaches commonly used for partially composite beams in buildings provide good predictions of the strength and stiffness of partially composite bridge girders constructed using post-installed shear connectors.
Bridge Strengthening With Epoxy Bonded Steel Plates
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Author : Donita K. Eberline
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Bridge Strengthening With Epoxy Bonded Steel Plates written by Donita K. Eberline and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Concrete bridges categories.
Strengthening And Rehabilitation Of Steel Bridge Girders Using Cfrp Laminates
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Author : Ahmed Sabri Abd-El-Meguid
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Strengthening And Rehabilitation Of Steel Bridge Girders Using Cfrp Laminates written by Ahmed Sabri Abd-El-Meguid and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Bridges categories.
Rehabilitation Of Deteriorated Steel Bridge Girders In Flexure Using Cfrp Composites
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Author : Hany Mohamed Seif Eldin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Rehabilitation Of Deteriorated Steel Bridge Girders In Flexure Using Cfrp Composites written by Hany Mohamed Seif Eldin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Structural deficiencies in Railway steel bridges are usually the result of deterioration caused by ageing, corrosion, fatigue, and higher load demands. In this context, steel bridge girders are the structural members prone to corrosion which implies a substantially reduction of their flexural capacities. As a result, a large number of steel railway bridges are in need for strengthening or retrofit. In this thesis, experimental and analytical investigations are conducted to predict the reduction in the flexural capacity of existing deteriorated steel girders under static loading and several retrofitting schemes are developed in the light of strengthening the girder cross-section. The experimental study covers the use of two Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composite types, namely, normal modulus sheets (NM-CFRP) and high modulus strips (HM-CFRP). A total of thirteen medium-scale W-shape steel beams with a span of 1.6m were tested under four-point bending setup. The thirteen beams were divided in four groups such as: i) Group G1 consisted of four beams with different percentages of cross-sectional area reduction without any strengthening; ii) Group G2 consisted of four notched beams strengthened with bonded NM-CFRP sheets. Herein, two out of the four strengthened beams, were bonded using saturant epoxy, while the other two were strengthened using high performance adhesive; iii) Group G3 consisted of two notched beams strengthened with bonded HM-CFRP strip with and without a wrapping system; iv) Group G4 consisted of three notched beams strengthened with unbonding NM-CFRP sheets and a ductile anchoring system. The results of the experimental study underline the effectiveness of the proposed retrofitting schemes in terms of flexural capacity increase and deflection control of the existing corroded steel girders. In addition to the experimental program, an analytical model was developed to set up a numerical method that is capable of predicting the elastic and post-yield behaviour of the unstrengthened and strengthened deteriorated steel girders. This numerical method can be used by designers to calculate the losses in the moment capacity of the deteriorated steel girders to an acceptable level of accuracy. The analytical model was validated using the experimental results that were presented in the experimental program.
Evaluation Of Post Tension Strengthened Steel Girder Bridge Using Frp Bars
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Author : Terry J. Wipf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Evaluation Of Post Tension Strengthened Steel Girder Bridge Using Frp Bars written by Terry J. Wipf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Concrete bridges categories.
Many state, county, and local agencies are faced with deteriorating bridge infrastructure composed of a large percentage of relatively short to medium span bridges. In many cases, these older structures are rolled or welded longitudinal steel stringers acting compositely with a reinforced concrete deck. Most of these bridges, although still in service, need some level of strengthening due to increases in legal live loads or loss of capacity due to deterioration. Although these bridges are overstressed in most instances, they do not warrant replacement; thus, structurally efficient but cost-effective means of strengthening needs to be employed. In the past, the use of bolted steel cover plates or angles was a common retrofit option for strengthening such bridges. However, the time and labor involved to attach such a strengthening system can sometimes be prohibitive. This project was funded through the Federal Highway Administration's Innovative Bridge Research and Construction program. The goal is to retrofit an existing structurally deficient, three-span continuous steel stringer bridge using an innovative technique that involves the application of post-tensioning forces; the post-tensioning forces were applied using fiber reinforced polymer post-tensioning bars. When compared to other strengthening methods, the use of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite materials is very appealing in that they are highly resistant to corrosion, have a low weight, and have a high tensile strength. Before the post-tensioning system was installed, a diagnostic load test was conducted on the subject bridge to establish a baseline behavior of the unstrengthened bridge. During the process of installing the post-tensioning hardware and stressing the system, both the bridge and the post-tensioning system were monitored. The installation of the hardware was followed by a follow-up diagnostic load test to assess the effectiveness of the post-tensioning strengthening system. Additional load tests were performed over a period of two years to identify any changes in the strengthening system with time. Laboratory testing of several typical carbon fiber reinforced polymer bar specimens was also conducted to more thoroughly understand their behavior. This report documents the design, installation, and field testing of the strengthening system and bridge.