Structure And Origins Of Trends In Hydrological Measures Over The Western United States
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Structure And Origins Of Trends In Hydrological Measures Over The Western United States
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Structure And Origins Of Trends In Hydrological Measures Over The Western United States written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
This study examines, at 1/8 degree spatial resolution, the geographic structure of observed trends in key hydrologically relevant variables across the western United States (U.S.) over the period 1950-1999, and investigates whether these trends are statistically significantly different from trends associated with natural climate variations. A number of variables were analyzed, including late winter and spring temperature, winter-total snowy days as a fraction of winter-total wet days, 1st April Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) as a fraction of October through March precipitation total (P{sub ONDJFM}), and seasonal (January-February-March; JFM) accumulated runoff as a fraction of water year accumulated runoff. The observed changes were compared to natural internal climate variability simulated by an 850-year control run of the CCSM3-FV climate model, statistically downscaled to a 1/8 degree grid using the method of Constructed Analogues. Both observed and downscaled temperature and precipitation data were then used to drive the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrological model to obtain the hydrological variables analyzed in this study. Large trends (magnitudes found less than 5% of the time in the long control run) are common in the observations, and occupy substantial part of the area (37-42%) over the mountainous western U.S. These trends are strongly related to the large scale warming that appears over 89% of the domain. The strongest changes in the hydrologic variables, unlikely to be associated with natural variability alone, have occurred at medium elevations (750 m to 2500 m for JFM runoff fractions and 500 m-3000 m for SWE/PONDJFM) where warming has pushed temperatures from slightly below to slightly above freezing. Further analysis using the data on selected catchments across the simulation domain indicated that hydroclimatic variables must have changed significantly (at 95% confidence level) over at least 45% of the total catchment area to achieve a detectable trend in measures accumulated to the catchment scale.
Hydrological Trends Over The Western United States Patterns And Potential Causes
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Hydrological Trends Over The Western United States Patterns And Potential Causes written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Climatic changes categories.
Water Policy And Planning In A Variable And Changing Climate
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Author : Kathleen A. Miller
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-12-19
Water Policy And Planning In A Variable And Changing Climate written by Kathleen A. Miller and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-19 with Nature categories.
Water Policy and Planning in a Variable and Changing Climate addresses the current challenges facing western water planners and policy makers in the United States and considers strategies for managing water resources and related risks in the future. Written by highly-regarded experts in the industry, the book offers a wealth of experience, and explains the physical, socioeconomic, and institutional context for western water resource management. The authors discuss the complexities of water policy, describe the framework for water policy and planning, and identify many of the issues surrounding the subject. A provocative examination of policy issues surrounding western water resources, this book: Considers the implications of natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change for the region’s water resources, and explains limitations on the predictability of local-scale changes Stresses linkages between climate patterns and weather events, and related hydrologic impacts Describes the environmental consequences of historical water system development and the challenges that climate change poses for protection of aquatic ecosystems Examines coordination of drought management by local, state and national government agencies Includes insights on planning for climate change adaptation from case studies across the western United States Discusses the challenges and opportunities in water/energy/land system management, and its prospects for developing climate change response strategies Presents evidence of changes in water scarcity and flooding potential in the region and identifies a set of adaptation strategies to support the long-term sustainability of irrigated agriculture and urban communities Draws upon Colorado’s experience in defining rights for surface and tributary groundwater use to explain potential conflicts and challenges in establishing fair and effective coordination of water rights for these resources Assesses the role of policy in driving flood losses Explores policy approaches for achieving equitable and environmentally responsible planning outcomes despite multiple sources of uncertainty Water Policy and Planning in a Variable and Changing Climate describes patterns of water availability, existing policy problems and the potential impacts of climate change in the western United States, and functions as a practical reference for the student or professional invested in water policy and management.
Vegetation Dynamics On The Mountains And Plateaus Of The American Southwest
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Author : John Vankat
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-05-27
Vegetation Dynamics On The Mountains And Plateaus Of The American Southwest written by John Vankat and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-27 with Science categories.
The book provides information essential for anyone interested in the ecology of the American Southwest, including land managers, environmental planners, conservationists, ecologists and students. It is unique in its coverage of the hows and whys of dynamics (changes) in the major types of vegetation occurring on southwestern mountains and plateaus. It explains the drivers and processes of change, describes historical changes and provides conceptual models that diagrammatically illustrate past, present, and potential future changes. All major types of vegetation are covered: spruce-fir, mixed conifer, and ponderosa pine forests, pinyon-juniper vegetation, subalpine-montane grassland, and Gambel oak and interior chaparral shrublands. The focus is on vegetation that is relatively undisturbed, i.e., in natural and near-natural condition, and how it responds to natural disturbances such as fire and drought, as well as to anthropogenic disturbances such as fire exclusion and invasive species
New Publications Of The Geological Survey
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Author : Geological Survey (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
New Publications Of The Geological Survey written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Geology categories.
New Publications Of The U S Geological Survey
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
New Publications Of The U S Geological Survey written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Geology categories.
Climate Change And Sea Level Rise Scenarios For California Vulnerability And Adaptation Assessment
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Climate Change And Sea Level Rise Scenarios For California Vulnerability And Adaptation Assessment written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with California categories.
New Publications Of The U S Geological Survey
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Author : Geological Survey (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
New Publications Of The U S Geological Survey written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Geology categories.
Managing California S Water
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Author : Ellen Hanak
language : en
Publisher: Public Policy Instit. of CA
Release Date : 2011
Managing California S Water written by Ellen Hanak and has been published by Public Policy Instit. of CA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business & Economics categories.
River Flow 2012
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Author : Rafael Murillo Munoz
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2012-10-05
River Flow 2012 written by Rafael Murillo Munoz and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-05 with Science categories.
Containing the most recent theoretical accomplishments, numerical developments, experimental investigations and field studies in Fluvial Hydraulics, River Flow 2012 is an excellent resource for researchers, civil and environmental engineers, and practitioners in river-related disciplines.