Studies On Genetic Parameters Of Agronomic Grain Structure And Malting Characteristics Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Studies On Genetic Parameters Of Agronomic Grain Structure And Malting Characteristics Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : José Geraldo Eugênio De França
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Studies On Genetic Parameters Of Agronomic Grain Structure And Malting Characteristics Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by José Geraldo Eugênio De França and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Heterosis categories.
This study had two distinct components: an agronomic/breeding segment and a sorghum malt component. The first consisted of field avaluation for traits related to agronomic performance, combinig ability, and heterosis. It was conducted during 1988 and 1989. The 1988 trial, with 51 genotypes, was sown at College Station and Halfway, TX. During 1989, the trial consisted of 7 females and 13 male parents, their 91 hybrids, a common check (ATx399*RTx430), and another hybrid check in one subset (ATx399*sc103-12E) to balance the whole design. It was conducted at College Station, Halfway, Chillicothe, and Corpus Christi, TX. In the first year each trial was divided into 4 subsets, while during the second, the trial consisted of 8 subsets, each with 15 experiment units.Hybrids, generally had larger panicles and higher yields, were taller, reached anthesis earlier, showed superior harvest indices, and lodged more than the parents. Combinig ability and GCA:SCA mean square ratios showed that general combinig ability variances were significant for all the variables studied. It showed also that additive variance was more important in controlling the genetic expression for the traits measured. The most superior parental lines for grain yield, across environments were ATx631, ATx623, ATx378, RTx430, R8505, VG146 and Dorado. Grain was saved from the field trials to be used in evaluation of some grain and malt characteristics. Sorghum beer is an important components of Africa culture and is used as a food or drink in many (...).
Intsormil Sorghum And Millet Collaborative Research Support Program Crsp Bibliography
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Author : USAID Title XII Collaborative Research Support Program on Sorghum and Pearl Millet
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Intsormil Sorghum And Millet Collaborative Research Support Program Crsp Bibliography written by USAID Title XII Collaborative Research Support Program on Sorghum and Pearl Millet and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Millets categories.
The Journal Of Agriculture Of The University Of Puerto Rico
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
The Journal Of Agriculture Of The University Of Puerto Rico written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Agriculture categories.
Agronomic Genetic And Genomic Approaches For Predicting Heterosis In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : Frank Maulana
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Agronomic Genetic And Genomic Approaches For Predicting Heterosis In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by Frank Maulana and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
The approach used to identify inbred lines that can produce superior hybrids is costly and time-consuming. It requires creation of all possible crosses and evaluation of the crosses to estimate combining abilities for the desired traits. Predicting heterosis or hybrid performance in any way possible may help to reduce the number of crosses to be made and evaluated. In this study, four sets of experiments were conducted to determine whether heterosis can be predicted based on inbred line performance, genetic distance between parents and genomic prediction model. The first experiment was aimed at assessing the levels of genetic diversity, population structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) in 279 public sorghum inbred lines, based on 66,265 SNPs generated using the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) platform. The inbred lines were developed at different times over the last two decades and harbor robust diversity in pedigree and agronomic characteristics. Some of the inbreds are resistant to Acetolactate synthase (ALS) and Acetyl co-enzyme-A carboxylase (ACC) inhibitor herbicides. The mean polymorphic information content (PIC) and gene diversity across the entire inbreds were 0.35 and 0.46, respectively with non-herbicide resistant inbreds harboring more diversity than the herbicide resistant ones. The population structure analysis clustered the inbred lines into three major subgroups according to pedigree and fertility-reaction with the maintainer lines (B-lines) distinctly forming a separate cluster. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed more variation within subgroups than among subgroups. Substantial linkage disequilibrium (LD) was detected between the markers in the population with marked variation between chromosomes. This information may facilitate the use of the inbreds in sorghum breeding programs and provide perspectives for optimizing marker density for gene mapping and marker-assisted breeding. The second experiment, based on 102 F1 hybrids developed by intercrossing closely and distantly related inbreds, was conducted to investigate the relationship of genetic distance between parents with hybrid vigor or heterosis. The F1 hybrids alongside their parents were evaluated at two environments in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results show that correlations of genetic distance between parents with hybrid performance and heterosis were variable and dependent on the trait. Though most were statistically non-significant and not strong to be used as predictor for heterosis, the results tend to show that certain level of genetic distance between parents is needed to capture maximum heterosis and hybrid performance. The objective of the third research study was to determine whether traits measured on parents can be used to predict hybrid performance in sorghum and to assess the combining ability of selected inbreds. Forty-six parental inbred lines and 75 F1 hybrids generated from intercrossing the inbreds were evaluated in four environments in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The average performance of the parents (mid-parent) was significantly correlated with hybrid performance for thousand kernel weight, days to flowering and plant height. Significant general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities were observed for most traits, with highly significant GCA effects observed for most traits as compared to SCA indicating that additive genetic effects are more important in affecting the inheritance of the traits measured. Results show that studying parental inbred line performance could generate important information for predicting hybrid performance in sorghum. The fourth experiment was aimed at assessing the efficacy of genomic prediction of hybrid performance in sorghum. Genomic prediction was performed with five-fold cross-validation procedure on 204 F1 hybrids developed using 102 inbred lines. A total of 66,265 SNP markers generated using genotyping-by-sequencing were used in this study. Results showed that increasing training population size increased prediction accuracies for all traits with the effect being different for different traits. Also, considering additive effects alone versus additive and dominance effects in the model showed similar trend of prediction accuracy but the full model (considering both additive and dominance effects of the markers) provided better prediction at least for some of the traits. The results suggest that genomic prediction could become an effective tool for predicting the performance of untested sorghum hybrids thus adding efficiency to hybrid selection.
Performance Stability Parameters Genetic Effects And Prediction Of Performance In Single Three Way And Double Cross Hybrids Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : George Anthony Ombakho
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Performance Stability Parameters Genetic Effects And Prediction Of Performance In Single Three Way And Double Cross Hybrids Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by George Anthony Ombakho and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with categories.
Research Progress Report On Inheritance And Improvement Of Protein Quality And Content In Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
Research Progress Report On Inheritance And Improvement Of Protein Quality And Content In Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Plant breeding categories.
Dissertation Abstracts International
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Dissertation Abstracts International written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Dissertations, Academic categories.
Annual Report On Inheritance And Improvement Of Protein Quality And Content In Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Annual Report On Inheritance And Improvement Of Protein Quality And Content In Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Sorghum categories.
Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting The Agronomic Performance Of A Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Recombinant Inbred Restorer Line Population
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Author : Jorge Luis Moran Maradiaga
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting The Agronomic Performance Of A Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Recombinant Inbred Restorer Line Population written by Jorge Luis Moran Maradiaga and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
Lately the rate of genetic gain in most agronomic crop species has been reduced due to several factors that limit breeding efficiency and genetic gain. New genetic tools and more powerful statistical analyses provide an alternative approach to enhance genetic improvements through the identification of molecular markers linked to genomic regions or QTLs controlling quantitative traits. The main objective of this research was to identify genomic regions associated with enhanced agronomic performance in lines per se and hybrid combination in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. A population composed of 187 F5:6 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) was derived from the cross of restorer lines RTx430 and RTx7000. Also, a testcross hybrid population (TCH) was developed by using each RIL as a pollinator onto ATx2752. A linkage map was constructed using 174 marker loci generated from AFLP and SSR primer combinations. These markers were assigned to 12 different linkage groups. The linkage map covers 1573 cM with marker loci spaced at an averaged 9.04 cM. In this study, 89 QTL that control variation in seven different morphological traits were identified in the recombinant inbred line population, while in the testcross hybrid population, 79 QTL were identified. These traits included grain yield, plant height, days to mid-anthesis, panicle number, panicle length, panicle exsertion and panicle weight. These putative QTL explained from 4 to 42% of the phenotypic variation observed for each trait. Many of the QTL were not consistent across populations and across environments. Nevertheless, a few key QTL were identified and the source of the positive additive genetics isolated. RTx7000 was consistently associated with better agronomic performance in RIL, while in testcrosses, RTx430 was. Some genomic regions from RTx7000 may be utilized to improve RTx430 as a line per se. However, it is very unlikely that such regions will have a positive effect on the combining ability of RTx430 since testcross results did not reveal any transgressive segregants from the RIL population.
Genetic And Environmental Effects On Phenolic Composition And Agronomic Performance In Black Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Hybrids
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Author : Chad Matthew Hayes
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Genetic And Environmental Effects On Phenolic Composition And Agronomic Performance In Black Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Hybrids written by Chad Matthew Hayes and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
A healthy diet requires a shift from the consumption of highly refined and processed foods with low nutritional value and towards whole grain food that have increased levels of antioxidants and phenolic compounds. Certain specialty sorghum genotypes have been identified as potential whole grain foods that have high levels of desired chemical compounds. Specifically, sorghums with a black pericarp are excellent sources of antioxidant compounds, including the unique compound 3-deoxyanthocyanin (3-DOA). Although extensive work has been performed on the chemistry and food properties of black sorghum inbreds, little research has been done studying the grain phenolic composition and agronomic performance of black sorghum hybrids in production environments. The goal of this study was to evaluate black sorghum hybrids with differing genetic backgrounds for grain phenolic composition and agronomic performance across multiple environments and identify the best lines for producing these hybrids. Results from this study confirm that sorghums with a black pericarp contain elevated levels of phenols, tannins and 3-DOA. Concentrations of these beneficial compounds were many times the concentration levels seen in traditional grain hybrids. Grain yields of black sorghum hybrids averaged 36% below commercial hybrids in this study. Lower grain yields could be due to reduced heterosis in black sorghum hybrids and other unknown factors associated with the black phenotype. From this study, the Texas AgriLife Sorghum Breeding Program has developed two elite black sorghum lines for release as the first publicly available black pericarp seed parents. These newly developed seed parents, proposed for release as Tx3363 and Tx3364, allow for the creation of the first temperately adapted black seeded grain hybrid. These hybrids help address the growing demand for products that are healthy, and provide natural and stable antioxidant compounds for a growing health food industry. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148249