Studies On The Germination Growth Development And Control Of Common Ragweed Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L
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Studies On The Germination Growth Development And Control Of Common Ragweed Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L
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Author : Chester Tolbert Dickerson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Studies On The Germination Growth Development And Control Of Common Ragweed Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L written by Chester Tolbert Dickerson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Ragweeds categories.
Dormancy Germination And Respiration Studies With Common Ragweed Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L
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Author : Larry Grover Bennett
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971
Dormancy Germination And Respiration Studies With Common Ragweed Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L written by Larry Grover Bennett and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with Ragweeds categories.
Effect Of Heavy Metals On Establishment Of Common Ragweed Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L And Ground Cover Legumes In Roadside Edges
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Author : Jichul Bae
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Effect Of Heavy Metals On Establishment Of Common Ragweed Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L And Ground Cover Legumes In Roadside Edges written by Jichul Bae and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
"Poor establishment of supplement ground cover (i.e. Trifolium species) has led to unsuccessful turf-recruitment and creating empty niches near pavement edges of major roadways and highways in southern Québec, Canada. The resulting empty niches are frequently occupied by dense monocultures of Ambrosia artemisiifolia. Due to its adverse impacts on agroeconomy and public health, understanding ecological cause(s) associated with A. artemisiifolia's successful establishment along roadside edges will help us to control this problematic weeds and prevent its dispersal into nearby agricultural and urban areas. Surface soils adjacent to major roads and highways commonly contain heavy metals at phytotoxic levels. We hypothesized that during early establishment stage higher metal tolerance of A. artemisiifolia compared to the current cover legume (Trifolium spp.) may cause its successful establishment along roadside edges. Growth chamber experiments investigated germination and early seedling behaviors of four test species (Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Coronilla varia, Lotus corniculatus, and Trifolium arvense) exposed to Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, and Cd. All metal additions hindered the seedling growth of all test species, and the inhibitory effect was greater on the belowground growth than the aboveground growth. The germinability and seedling survival of T. arvense were inhibited by the studied metals, whereas those of A. artemisiifolia were tolerant to the metal additions. Low levels of Pb and Ni promoted germination initiation of A. artemisiifolia. While sensitive to Cu and Cd, the germinabilities of L. corniculatus and C. varia were tolerant to the other metals. The germinability of L. corniculatus was more tolerant of Zn, Pb, and Ni than that of C. varia. The seedling survivals of L. corniculatus and C. varia were not affected by the metal additions, except for Ni and Cu. In addition to the interspecific comparisons, germination and early seedling responses to metals (Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, and Cd) between the agriculture and roadside populations of A. artemisiifolia were compared under laboratory condition. Germinability and early seedling behaviours of the two A. artemisiifolia populations had similar responses to heavy metal additions. However, there was population-specific difference in germination rate, suggesting that this variation might arise from different maternal environmental factors between the two source populations. A field experiment was conducted to verify the establishment potential of the test species near roadside edges along a heavy metal gradient. Seedling emergence of T. arvense was negatively correlated with Zn, Pb, and Cu concentrations, while emergence of A. artemisiifolia was positively correlated with these metal elements. Similar to A. artemisiifolia, the emergence of L. corniculatus was positively related with the metal contents, but no correlation was found for C. varia. The present research project outlines a potential mechanism that may drive the successful establishment of A. artemisiifolia along roadside edges. Based on the findings from the laboratory and field studies, A. artemisiifolia establishment along roadside edges appears to be caused by its higher metal tolerance relative to T. arvense. Because its metal tolerance and establishment potential was similar to A. artemisiifolia, L. corniculatus could be an alternative supplement ground cover for effective turf-recruitment and control of A. artemisiifolia along edges of highways in southern Québec. This study provides integrated roadside ground cover management strategy for controlling A. artemisiifolia, supporting turf-recruitment and stabilizing disturbed soil near pavement edges of high traffic roadways, which may eventually alleviate economic burdens (involving health care, roadside maintenance, and agricultural production) on society." --
The Annual Ragweeds Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L Ambrosia Trifida L
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Author : Lucie Meyer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
The Annual Ragweeds Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L Ambrosia Trifida L written by Lucie Meyer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The first aim of this work was to investigate the risk for the evolution of resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitor (ALS) herbicides in the common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) through four points: (i) the selection pressure (effectiveness of a range of ALS inhibitor herbicides), (ii) the adaptive response of Ambrosia artemisiifolia (recurrent selection experiment), (iii) a resistance monitoring in fields in France, and (iv) the investigation of the mechanisms underlying herbicide resistance (target-site (TSR) and non-target-site resistance (NTSR) using transcriptomic analyses). The second aim was to study the connectivity of A. artemisiifolia populations in agricultural landscapes using microsatellite markers developed during this work, to determine factors that could facilitate the spread of this invasive weed species and the spread of herbicide resistance.In regards to herbicide resistance:-The sensitivity of A. artemisiifolia to ALS-inhibiting herbicides is variable between active ingredients.-Plants that survived the French maximum authorized field rate and higher rates of metsulfuron were selected to implement a recurrent breeding program. After two selection cycles, the resistance level to metsulfuron increased and resistance to imazamox and tribenuron emerged.-Three cases of imazamox resistance were identified in the field, including two cases of pure NTSR and one case of TSR - NTSR coexistence.-A transcriptome for A. artemisiifolia, AMBELbase, was generated using the PacBio sequencing technology to search for genes involved in NTSR mechanisms (RNAseq approach). 62 candidate contigs were identified including ABC transporters, cytochromes P450 and glutathione S-transferases known to be involved in the degradation of herbicides.In regards to population connectivity:-26 microsatellite markers were developed and revealed high genetic variability. Genetic structuring has been studied on a large scale for populations of A. artemisiifolia from Europe (invasion range) and North America (native range).-On a finer scale (agricultural landscape), the genetic structure of populations was influenced by colonization events. Migration events detected among the areas colonized by A. artemisiifolia suggested moderate pollen/seed flows and connectivity at the farmland scale. In agricultural environments, herbicide resistant alleles could be easily spread among neighbouring populations via pollen flow, and also at longer distances via seed dispersal. Human-related activities play a major role in the dispersal of seeds (agricultural machinery, contaminated seed lots, etc.).-The mating system analysis confirmed that A. artemisiifolia is an obligate outcrossing species which leads to important intra- and inter-population gene flow.The knowledge acquired during this work may help to foster the development of better management strategies to effectively control A. artemisiifolia to limit its spread, such as:-Diversified weed control strategies: combination of mechanical (including false-seed) and chemical weeding (diversification of herbicide modes of action).-Longer diversified crop rotations including more winter crops and/or cover and competitive crops to break the life cycle of A. artemisiifolia.These knowledge may also be used to better control of another weed species of the genus Ambrosia, Ambrosia trifida L.
The Quaternary Period In The United States
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Author : A.R. Gillespie
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2003-12-17
The Quaternary Period In The United States written by A.R. Gillespie and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-12-17 with Science categories.
This book reviews advances in understanding of the past ca. two million years of Earth history - the Quaternary Period - in the United States. It begins with sections on ice and water - as glaciers, permafrost, oceans, rivers, lakes, and aquifers. Six chapters are devoted to the high-latitude Pleistocene ice sheets, to mountain glaciations of the western United States, and to permafrost studies. Other chapters discuss ice-age lakes, caves, sea-level fluctuations, and riverine landscapes. With a chapter on landscape evolution models, the book turns to essays on geologic processes. Two chapters discuss soils and their responses to climate, and wind-blown sediments. Two more describe volcanoes and earthquakes, and the use of Quaternary geology to understand the hazards they pose. The next part of the book is on plants and animals. Five chapters consider the Quaternary history of vegetation in the United States. Other chapters treat forcing functions and vegetation response at different spatial and temporal scales, the role of fire as a catalyst of vegetation change during rapid climate shifts, and the use of tree rings in inferring age and past hydroclimatic conditions. Three chapters address vertebrate paleontology and the extinctions of large mammals at the end of the last glaciation, beetle assemblages and the inferences they permit about past conditions, and the peopling of North America. A final chapter addresses the numerical modeling of Quaternary climates, and the role paleoclimatic studies and climatic modeling has in predicting future response of the Earth's climate system to the changes we have wrought.
Dissertation Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Dissertation Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Dissertations, Academic categories.
Invasive Alien Species
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Author : Thammineni Pullaiah
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2021-04-21
Invasive Alien Species written by Thammineni Pullaiah and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES Invasive Alien Species: Observations and Issues from Around the World Volume 1: Issues and Invasions in Africa Invasive alien species are spreading into new ecosystems each year. The impacts caused by these invaders can be swift and devastating. The topic of invasive alien species is large, complex, and globally significant at various scales, exacerbated by the globalization of world economies and increased trade and commerce that has overcome natural barriers to species movement. Invasive alien species threaten global food supplies, water quality and availability, and energy production and delivery. With the added risks associated with global climate change, the global homogenization of plants, animals, and microbes is a major factor in the decline in ecosystem health and ecosystem services worldwide. To counter this trend, there is a critical need to unify governments, cultures, and programs to improve cross-boundary coordination to effectively address the wide range of invasive alien species threats to the environment, economies, and to plant and animal health; particularly human health. This 4-volume work is the first to compile a set of useful material for key topics, to provide a better understanding of the overall global threat of invasive alien species and the diverse array of problems faced around the world, and assemble material that includes potential replicable solutions to overcome these threats. The books also highlight the threat posed by invasive alien species in terms of a global ‘call to action’. Since invasive species know no boundaries, it is our hope that by compiling material from different scientific and social perspectives around the world, and sharing knowledge and examples of a diverse array of associated topics, we can advance global awareness and improve unified national responses to the threat posed by invasive alien species.
American Journal Of Botany
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
American Journal Of Botany written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Botany categories.
Integrated Weed Management For Reduced Weed Infestations In Sustainable Cropping Systems
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Author : Rodrigo Werle
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-10-30
Integrated Weed Management For Reduced Weed Infestations In Sustainable Cropping Systems written by Rodrigo Werle and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Weeds pose a major challenge to the sustainability of agricultural production systems, causing significant crop yield, economic and environmental losses. Chemical weed control tactics play a major role in modern weed management, maintaining the productivity of diverse cropping systems, reducing yield losses and facilitating conservation agriculture. However, the over-reliance on chemical weed control has led to shifts in weed communities in agroecosystems which are now becoming dominated by high competitors and herbicide resistance. Thus, weed scientists and practitioners are urged to develop and incorporate innovative and feasible integrated weed management (IWM) systems that can reduce weed infestations and environmental impacts.
Noxious Weeds Of Australia
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Author : William Thomas Parsons
language : en
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
Release Date : 2001
Noxious Weeds Of Australia written by William Thomas Parsons and has been published by CSIRO PUBLISHING this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Science categories.
"This is a reference book containing information on over 200 species, including where each is proclaimed and what the legal requirements are for its control. Each weed has a detailed description and colour photograph to make identification straightforward." - product description.