Study Of Adsorption Of Biological And Nanoparticle Solutions At The Solid Liquid Interface
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Study Of Adsorption Of Biological And Nanoparticle Solutions At The Solid Liquid Interface
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Study Of Adsorption Of Biological And Nanoparticle Solutions At The Solid Liquid Interface written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
With advances in micromechanical machining and nanotechnology, the sample volume needed for biological research and other analysis decreases. With small volume, sample-surface interactions including adsorption must be considered. These adsorption effects can be observed by analyzing light reflected from the solid-liquid interface, and the contact angle of a solution on the surface. Presented is the design and construction of an ellipsometer, a device used to analyze light reflected off of a solid-liquid interface to find interfacial properties, including thickness of a thin film formed by adsorption. The taq enzyme is shown to have a large change in contact angle from seventy degrees to about ten degrees over a short (ten minute) time period when placed on an SU-8 substrate, indicating a change in energy at the interface and a large amount of adsorption. Silane substrates are found to produce similar results. Ellipticity of a colloidal gold nanoparticle solution on a glass substrate is also observed, whose results are difficult to interpret due to bulk shifts in the sample. With the ellipsometer running correctly, it can be used for a number of experiments, including spectroscopic ellipsometry and Brewster angle microscopy, with some modifications.
Adsorption And Nanostructures
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Author : Imre Dekany
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-10-03
Adsorption And Nanostructures written by Imre Dekany and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-03 with Science categories.
Adsorption at solid/liquid interfaces Ulbig P, Seippel J: Development of a group contribution method for liquid-phase adsorption onto activated carbons ..................... Laszlb K: Adsorption from aqueous phenol and 2,3,4-trichlorophenol solutions on nanoporous carbon prepared from poly(ethy1ene terephthalate) . . Mizukami M, Kurihara K: Alcohol cluster formation on silica surfaces in cyclohexane . . Tombacz E, Szekeres M: Effects of impurity and solid-phase dissolution on surface charge titration of aluminium oxide ............................... Horanyi G, Job P: Radiotracer study of the specific adsorption of anions on oxides Kovaeevit D, cop A, Bradetic A, Interfacial equilibria at a goethite aqueous interface in the presence Kallay N, Pohlmeier A, of amino acids ......................................... Narres H-D, Lewandowski H: Ruffmann B, Zimehl R: Liquid sorption and stability of polystyrene latices ........... Zimehl R, Hannig M: Adsorption onto tooth enamel the - biological interface and its modification ........................................... Lengyel Z, Foldinyi R: Adsorption of chloroacetanilide herbicides on Hungarian soils ..... Paszli I, Laszlo K: Stagnation phenomenon of solid/fluid interfaces ................ Mielke M, Zimehl R: Measures to determine the hydrophobicity of colloidal polymers . Farkas A, Dekany I: Interlamellar adsorption of organic pollutants on hydrophobic . . vermiculite ............................................ Dabrowski A, Biilow M, Adsorption against pollution: current state and perspectives ....... Podkocielny P: Textor T, Bahners T, Schollmeyer E: Organically modified ceramics for coating textile materials ........ Nanostructured materials Esumi K, Torigoe K: Preparation and characterization of noble metal nanoparticles using ........................... dendrimers as protective colloids Mogyorbsi K, Nemeth J, Dekany I, Preparation, characterization, and photocatalytic properties Fendler JH: of layered-silicate-supported TiOz and ZnO nanoparticles ........
Adsorption From Solution
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Author : R. H. Ottewill
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Adsorption From Solution written by R. H. Ottewill and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Science categories.
Adsorption From Solution discusses the significance of adsorption behavior in thermodynamic terms, with emphasis on the interplay between enthalpic and entropic contributions to the free energy. This book examines the role of simple models and of elementary thermodynamic and statistical mechanical arguments in relation to the concept of surface phase. Organized into 22 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the theoretical model for the solid/liquid interface. This text then proceeds with a discussion of the general thermodynamic treatment of adsorption from mixed solvents, which is designed to apply in situations where adsorbed species may be regarded as distinct from their bulk counterparts. Other chapters discuss the adsorption from solutions of various interfaces of liquid/gas, liquid/liquid, or liquid/solid. The final chapter deals with the roles of adsorption from solution in controlling other phenomena, such as liquid–liquid displacement, wetting, and the forces between colloidal particles. Physicists, chemists, and materials scientists will find this book extremely useful.
Adsorption From Solution At The Solid Liquid Interface
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Author : G. D. Parfitt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Adsorption From Solution At The Solid Liquid Interface written by G. D. Parfitt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Science categories.
Non-electrolytes. Adsorption of small molecules. Adsorption from mixtures of miscible liquids. Adsorption of nonionic surfactants. Adsorption of polymers. Electrolytes. Adsorption of small ions. Adsorption of ionic surfactants. Adsorption of dyes. Adsorption of polyelectrolytes from dilute solution.
The Adsorption Of Nanoparticles At The Solid Liquid Interface
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Author : Dan Xu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
The Adsorption Of Nanoparticles At The Solid Liquid Interface written by Dan Xu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
This study aims to investigate the adsorption of nanoparticles at the solid-water interface. Surface treatments with nanoparticles have been increasingly explored for a broad range of potential applications. However, the adsorption behaviour of inorganic nanoparticles has not been well studied to-date. Nanoparticle adsorption can be affected by several factors, such as the type of solid substrate, nanoparticle shape, nanoparticle concentration and salt concentration in the nanoparticle suspension, Two types of nanoparticles are used in this thesis: spherical Ludox silica (20 nm) and disk-like laponite clay (25 nm across, 1 nm thick). The adsorption of Laponite nanoparticles at the solid-water interface on various substrates and over a range of Laponite concentrations has been investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and an optical reflectometer (OR). Adsorption of laponite was only observed on a positively charged poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) surface, whereas no adsorption was seen on hydrophilic/hydrophobic, negative or neutrally charged surfaces. This shows that when fully wetted, Laponite adsorption depends primarily on the surface charge. The adsorption of both Laponite and Ludox silica onto PDADMAC coated surfaces over the first few seconds were studied by OR. The initial adsorption rate of Laponite was faster than Ludox, possibly due to reorientation of the laponite nanoparticles as they approach the substrate. Over longer times, the QCM data for Ludox III nanopartic1es demonstrated more complex adsorption behaviour than Laponite, demonstrating intermixing processes taking place within the PDADMAC-Ludox layer. The effect of a monovalent salt (NaCI) on the adsorption behaviour of both PDADMAC and Ludox nanopartic1es was also investigated using QCM. These data suggest that the adsorbed amount of Ludox increase with NaCI concentration. This can be explained by the roughening of the PDADMAC surface at high salt concentrations leading to more Ludox nanopartic1es adsorbing per unit area. Preliminary evidence for less intermixing between the PDADMAC and the Ludox when the PDADMAC layer was adsorbed and then pre-dried was also found.
Adsorption And The Gibbs Surface Excess
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Author : D. Chattoraj
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Adsorption And The Gibbs Surface Excess written by D. Chattoraj and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The subject matter of this book is not entirely new in that much has been written about the state of the interfacial chemistry in other textbooks. However, the authors have found that there is really a need for a book which can lead an investigator, a student, or a beginn er through the in-depth understanding and descriptions involved in the derivations and usage of the adsorption equations based on the unified concept of the Gibbs surface excess. The derivation of the original Gibbs equation for the liquid interface has been amplified with reformulations and criticisms. Attempts have been frequently made to relate the surface excess quantities with the thermodynamic properties of the physically defined interfacial phase. In the last two decades, useful applications of the Gibbs equations have been made for the study of adsorption at solid-liquid as weIl as liquid-gas interfaces formed in the presence of the multicomponent solutions in the bulk. These recent treatments become useful for the experimental studies of the adsorption of electrolytes and interfacial properties related to neutral and charged monolayers. The consistency of the experimental results with those to be expected from the theories of the electrical double layer needs careful examination. An attempt has been made to present in a single volume all these developments based on the unified concept of the Gibbs surface excess. The study of the adsorption from solution is of considerable importance in the field of biology and in many other branches of applied science.
In Situ Adsorption Studies At The Solid Liquid Interface
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Author : D. C. Phillips
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
In Situ Adsorption Studies At The Solid Liquid Interface written by D. C. Phillips and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) have been used to study the molecular surface structure, surface topography and mechanical properties, and quantitative adsorbed amount of biological molecules at the solid-liquid interface. The molecular-level behavior of designed peptides adsorbed on hydrophobic polystyrene and hydrophilic silica substrates has been examined as a model of protein adsorption on polymeric biomaterial surfaces. Proteins are such large and complex molecules that it is difficult to identify the features in their structure that lead to adsorption and interaction with solid surfaces. Designed peptides which possess secondary structure provide simple model systems for understanding protein adsorption. Depending on the amino acid sequence of a peptide, different secondary structures ({alpha}-helix and {beta}-sheet) can be induced at apolar (air/liquid or air/solid) interfaces. Having a well-defined secondary structure allows experiments to be carried out under controlled conditions, where it is possible to investigate the affects of peptide amino acid sequence and chain length, concentration, buffering effects, etc. on adsorbed peptide structure. The experiments presented in this dissertation demonstrate that SFG vibrational spectroscopy can be used to directly probe the interaction of adsorbing biomolecules with a surface or interface. The use of well designed model systems aided in isolation of the SFG signal of the adsorbing species, and showed that surface functional groups of the substrate are sensitive to surface adsorbates. The complementary techniques of AFM and QCM allowed for deconvolution of the effects of surface topography and coverage from the observed SFG spectra. Initial studies of biologically relevant surfaces are also presented: SFG spectroscopy was used to study the surface composition of common soil bacteria for use in bioremediation of nuclear waste.
Advanced Research In Nanosciences For Water Technology
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Author : Ram Prasad
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-04
Advanced Research In Nanosciences For Water Technology written by Ram Prasad and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-04 with Science categories.
The establishment of clean, safe water is one of the major challenges facing societies around the globe. The continued urbanization of human populations, the increasing manipulation of natural resources, and the resulting pollution are driving remarkable burden on water resources. Increasing demands for food, energy, and natural resources are expected to continue to accelerate in the near future in response to the demands of these changing human populations. In addition, the complexity of human activities is leading to a diversity of new chemical contaminants in the environment that represent a major concern for water managers. This will create increased pressure on both water quantity and quality, making it increasingly difficult to provide a sustainable supply of water for human welfare and activities. Although protection of water resources is the best long-term solution, we will also need innovative novel approaches and technologies to water treatment to ensure an adequate superior quality resource to meet these needs. Solving tomorrow’s water issues will require unique approaches that incorporate emerging new technologies. Great advances have been made in the area of nanotechnology. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, nanomaterials are extensively used in antibacterial medical products, membrane filters, electronics, catalysts, and biosensors. Nanoparticles can have distinctly different properties from their bulk counterparts, creating the opportunity for new materials with a diversity of applications. Recent developments related to water treatment include the potential use of carbon nanotubes, nanocompositae, nanospheres, nanofibers, and nanowires for the removal of a diversity of chemical pollutants. By exploiting the assets and structure of these new materials, such as increased surface area, high reactivity, and photocatalytic action, it will be possible to create technologies that can be very efficient at removing and degrading environmental pollutants. Understanding and using these unique properties should lead to innovative, cost-effective applications for addressing the complexities of emerging needs for water treatment and protection. Although still in the early stages, research into the application of nanotechnology shows great promise for solving some of these major global water issues. This comprehensive text describes the latest research and application methods in this rapidly advancing field.
Understanding The Adsorption At Solid Liquid Interface And Its Consequences On Interfacial Phenomena
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Author : Nishad Dhopatkar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Understanding The Adsorption At Solid Liquid Interface And Its Consequences On Interfacial Phenomena written by Nishad Dhopatkar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Adhesion categories.
Physical adsorption at solid-liquid interface is an effective way to dynamically alter the surface properties text/italics{in-situ} and is prevalent in biology, geoscience, biotechnology, catalysis, food processing, agriculture, textiles, coatings, adhesives and lubricants, and cosmetics Over the last century an extensive framework of the thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorption as well as the intermolecular forces that govern the physical interactions between the substrate, solute, and solvent has been established, helping elucidate the structure of adsorbates. However, there lacks an understanding of the connection between the local conformation of the adsorbed molecules and its influence on the macroscopic interfacial phenomena. In this research we have employed vibrational spectroscopy techniques namely the interface-selective non-linear sum frequency generation (SFG) and linear attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) in conjugation with contact mechanics to develop the molecular level insights into macroscopic phenomena of wetting, adhesion, and sliding friction. We study the interfacial structure of small molecules (surfactants and solvents) as well as macromolecules adsorbed on model surfaces of sapphire (aluminum oxide) and silicone dioxide. Using SFG, we discovered a strongly coordinated ice-like water layer confined between two charged surfaces, under hydration pressures, formed by the adsorption of a cationic surfactant (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, CTAB) on dissimilar hydrophobic surfaces (phenylethyl trichlorosilane, PETS self-assembled monolayer, and polydimethylsiloxane elastomer, PDMS). This strongly coordinated water structure forms past the surfactant concentration needed for a monolayer surface coverage and is observed to reduce the sliding friction. Correlating interface-selective spectroscopy with hydration forces, and their macroscopic manifestation on adhesion and friction requires us to reconsider how we understand water under confinement and its significance in more complicated interfacial processes prevalent in biology, chemistry, and engineering. To investigate the adsorption of a basic polymer (PMMA) on acidic surfaces in carbon tetrachloride (neutral), Chloroform (acidic), and acetone (basic) solvents, we used SFG and ATR-FTIR to build on to the established concept of acid-base interactions that explains limited adsorption from basic and acidic solutions compared to neutral solution due to competitive interactions. We show that besides the differences in adsorbed amount, chains adsorbed from an acidic solvent adopt a flat conformation with a much smaller ratio of segments of loops and tails to trains compared to those adsorbed from a neutral solvent. Surface interaction parameters alone cannot predict the differences in conformation of chains adsorbed from acidic or neutral solvents. Such differences in the static and dynamic conformations have consequences in understanding the exchange kinetics, colloidal stabilization, chromatographic separations, adhesion and friction, and stabilization of nanocomposites. The adsorption of polyelectrolytes driven by Coulombic interactions becomes complicated when mixed with oppositely charged surfactant which modulates the net charge and solubility of polyelectrolytes in water resulting in a characteristic bulk phase diagram. We have investigated the adsorption from pre-mixed solutions of a cationic polysaccharide (PQ10) and the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), on an amphoteric alumina surface using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCMD). By tuning the surface charge of the amphoteric alumina, we confirmed the importance of electrostatic interactions on the adsorption on a hydrophilic charged surface, a suggestion that was made earlier solely based on the measurements on negatively charged surfaces. We also directly correlate the bulk phase transitions at the interface adsorption by observing a maximum extent of adsorption on both negatively and positively charged surfaces from a solution corresponding to the maximum turbidity. Using the Voight based viscoelastic model, QCMD also provided information on the viscosity, shear modulus, and thickness of the adsorbed polymeric complex, findings of which were corroborated by underwater atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. Shifting gears from adsorption to understanding the polymer thin films surface structure in different environments, we used SFG to observe the surface restructuring of an amphiphilic glassy homopolymer poly(alpha-hydroxy-n-butyl acrylate, PHNB) from hydrophobic to aqueous environment. We observed relative changes in ordering of hydrophobic and hydroxyl pendant groups upon going from air to water at different temperatures showing their impact on wetting of the polymer surface observed by means of dynamic contact angles measurement.
Adsorption From Solutions Of Non Electrolytes
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Author : J. J. Kipling
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Adsorption From Solutions Of Non Electrolytes written by J. J. Kipling and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.
Adsorption from Solutions of Non-Electrolytes provides a general discussion of the subject, which has so far been given little or no attention in current textbooks of physical chemistry. A general view of the subject is particularly needed at a time when we wish to see how far it will be possible to use theories of solutions to explain the phenomena of adsorption. The book opens with an introductory chapter on the types of interface, aspects of adsorption from solution, types of adsorption, and classification of systems. This is followed by separate chapters on experimental methods, adsorption at the liquid-solid interface, adsorption from completely miscible and partially liquids, adsorption of gases and solids from solution, adsorption of polymers, and adsorption in multicomponent systems. Subsequent chapters deal with factors influencing competitive adsorption at the liquid-solid interface. adsorption at the liquid-vapor and liquid-liquid interface, kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption from the liquid phase, the use of columns in adsorption, and use of adsorption from solution to measure surface area.