Subsidy Agreements
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Subsidy Agreements
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Author : Kyle Bagwell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Subsidy Agreements written by Kyle Bagwell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Subsidies categories.
"International disputes over subsidies are increasingly disrupting the world trading system. The creation of the WTO was nearly prevented by disputes in the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations over the issue of negotiating disciplines on agricultural subsidies, an issue which continues to plague the ongoing Doha Round of WTO negotiations. Ongoing disputes over subsidies that violate existing WTO rules have led to the largest amount of authorized retaliation in GATT/WTO history. Yet the international rules that govern subsidies have received little attention in the form of systematic economic analysis. In this paper we provide a first formal analysis of the international rules that govern the use of subsidies to domestic production (as distinct from export subsidies). Our analysis highlights the impact of the new disciplines on subsidies that were added to GATT rules with the creation of the WTO. Our results suggest that, although GATT subsidy rules were typically viewed as weak and inadequate while the WTO subsidy rules are seen as representing a significant strengthening of multilateral disciplines on subsidies, the key changes introduced by the WTO subsidy rules may ultimately do more harm than good to the multilateral trading system, by undermining the ability of tariff negotiations to serve as the mechanism for expanding market access to more efficient levels"--NBER website
A Commitment Theory Of Subsidy Agreements
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Author : Daniel Brou
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
A Commitment Theory Of Subsidy Agreements written by Daniel Brou and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Suspending Operating Differential Subsidy Agreements During The War
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Author : United States. Congress. House
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1942
Suspending Operating Differential Subsidy Agreements During The War written by United States. Congress. House and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1942 with Merchant marine categories.
Suspension Of Operating Differential Subsidy Agreements
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Merchant Marine and Fisheries
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1942
Suspension Of Operating Differential Subsidy Agreements written by United States. Congress. House. Merchant Marine and Fisheries and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1942 with categories.
Subsidies Countervailing Duties And The Wto
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Author : Jürgen Stehn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Subsidies Countervailing Duties And The Wto written by Jürgen Stehn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with categories.
Wto Agreement On Subsidies And Countervailing Measures
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Author : Wolfgang Müller
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-08-18
Wto Agreement On Subsidies And Countervailing Measures written by Wolfgang Müller and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-18 with Law categories.
Panels and the WTO Appellate Body have rendered a large number of complex and lengthy rulings on the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. The reasoning behind these rulings is often intimately linked to the underlying facts of a particular case and the methods of litigation adopted by the parties. Without guidance, it is difficult to find and research a specific subsidy issue quickly. This book provides an essential article-by-article commentary on the Agreement and sets out the law as it emerges from this body of rulings, providing the legal basis for further analysis of subsidy disciplines within the realms of economics and political science. It also includes a useful summary of the negotiating history and the links to other WTO Agreements such as GATT 1994. This important reference work will appeal to international trade lawyers, government officials, researchers, students of international trade law, business associations and NGOs.
The Wto Law Of Subsidies
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Author : Marc Benitah
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2019-05-23
The Wto Law Of Subsidies written by Marc Benitah and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-23 with Law categories.
Subsidies are arguably the dominant theme in International Economic Law. A prolific case law has been elaborated by WTO Panels and Appellate Body in response to the multitude of complaints lodged in the past two decades (Softwood Lumber, Airbus, Boeing, etc.) Unfortunately, it is possible to be overwhelmed by the complexity of this case law. This book provides a comprehensive approach in response to this complexity. First, it avoids unnecessary legal jargon, making it accessible to a large public. Second, it adopts a comprehensive and progressive approach where legal subtleties are not avoided but presented at the right moment and the right place. The reader is therefore not overwhelmed from the outset by a multitude of details. The first Part of the book adopts the perspective of a WTO Member seeking to counter an alleged subsidy granted by another Member. To this end, this first Part scans and analyzes in detail all WTO Agreements, containing cumulative disciplines and remedies relating to subsidies. Therefore, it is not only the SCM Agreement that is scanned and analyzed but also the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA), GATT 1994, and even the 1980 Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft (ATCA). The second Part of the book adopts the perspective of a WTO Member accused of granting subsidies violating subsidies disciplines.To this end, an original classification is offered of the various strategies that can be used by this Member. For this purpose, a distinction is made between the “threshold strategy” where the existence of a challengeable subsidy is recused from the outset, the “denying violation of disciplines strategy,”the “exemption or exception strategy,” the “procedural and evidentiary strategy,” and finally the “implementing strategy.” The last Part of this book, which could turn out to be the most useful for the community of agents concerned by subsidies, offers an original examination of pending legal issues. To this end, a relevant distinction is established between pending legal issues partially answered by present case law and pending legal issues not still answered by present case law. This case law and the norms disciplining subsidies in WTO Agreements are of utmost importance first for International Trade Ministries, Parliaments, and International Institutions (OECD, CNUCED, FAO, etc.). However, Non-Governmental Organizations (World Wide Fund, etc.) are also directly concerned by this topic regarding, for example, fisheries subsidies and their impact on overexploitation of marine resources. The private sector (fishing fleets, fishermen, extractive industries, etc.) is also affected by this topic particularly regarding future investments.Law firms involved in subsidies cases are naturally at the forefront of the community of agents concerned by this topic.
Subsidies And Countervailing Measures
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Author : Andrew L. Stoler
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Subsidies And Countervailing Measures written by Andrew L. Stoler and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Antidumping duties categories.
The Regulation Of Subsidies Within The General Agreement On Trade In Services Of The Wto
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Author : Pietro Poretti
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2009-01-01
The Regulation Of Subsidies Within The General Agreement On Trade In Services Of The Wto written by Pietro Poretti and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-01 with Law categories.
"The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) extends the multilateral trading system to services. Little is said In the GATS about subsidies, beyond stipulating that subsidies are subject to the existing provisions, including the most-favoured-nation and national-treatment principles, and that Members shall enter into negotiations with a view to developing the disciplines necessary to avoid the trade distorting effects of subsidies." "This timely book provides a comprehensive analysis of services subsidies under the GATS. It begins with a description of services and trade in services, and of the salient characteristics that make regulation of services subsidies more complex than those associated with agricultural and industrial goods. It then analyzes the economic arguments underpinning the need for regulation, as well as the need for governments to retain sufficient latitude to implement non-trade-related policy measures. A description of the information available on services subsidies is followed by a classification of services subsidies according to their distortive effects, and by a detailed analysis of those elements that may form a definition of services subsidies for the purpose of a future regulatory framework." "A key section is devoted to the analysis of those existing provisions of the GATS that may exert a certain measure of discipline on services subsidies, and to the question of the desirability and technical feasibility of countervailing measures. Rules on services subsidies contained in regional trade agreements and the need for special and differential treatment for services subsidies by developing countries are also discussed. Finally, and prior to the conclusion, two sectoral studies deal with the question of subsidies aimed at attracting foreign direct investment and subsidies to the audiovisual sector." "This work represents the first extensive and comprehensive analysis of the issue of services subsidies in the context of the GATS, and includes numerous references to relevant European Union State Aid legislation and jurisprudence." --Book Jacket.
Commitments And Flexibilities In The Wto Agreement On Subsidies And Countervailing Measures
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Author : José Guilherme Moreno Caiado
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-05-02
Commitments And Flexibilities In The Wto Agreement On Subsidies And Countervailing Measures written by José Guilherme Moreno Caiado and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-02 with Business & Economics categories.
Examines the WTO rules governing industrial subsidies, as established by the SCM Agreement and interpreted by relevant case law.
