Switching Kinetics And Charge Transport In Organic Ferroelectrics

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Switching Kinetics And Charge Transport In Organic Ferroelectrics

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Author : Tim Cornelissen
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2020-08-26

Switching Kinetics And Charge Transport In Organic Ferroelectrics written by Tim Cornelissen and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-26 with Electronic books categories.

The continued digitalization of our society means that more and more things are getting connected electronically. Since currently used inorganic electronics are not well suited for these new applications because of costs and environmental issues, organic electronics can play an important role here. These essentially plastic materials are cheap to produce and relatively easy to recycle. Unfortunately, their poor performance has so far hindered widespread application beyond displays. One key component of any electronic device is the memory. For organic electronics several technologies are being investigated that could serve as memories. One of these are the ferroelectrics, materials that have a spontaneous electrical polarization that can be reversed with an electric field. This bistable polarization which shows hysteresis makes these materials excellent candidates for use as memories. This thesis focuses on a specific type of organic ferroelectric, the supramolecular discotics. These materials consist of disk?like molecules that form columns in which all dipolar groups are aligned, giving a macroscopic ferroelectric polarization. Of particular interest are the benzenetricarboxamides (BTA), which are used as a model system for the whole class of discotic ferroelectrics. BTA uses a core?shell architecture which allows for easy modification of the molecular structure and thereby the ferroelectric properties. To gain a deeper understanding of the switching processes in this organic ferroelectric BTA, both microscopic and analytical modeling are used. This is supported by experimental data obtained through electrical characterization. The microscopic model reduces the material to a collection of dipoles and uses electrostatics to calculate the probability that these dipoles flip. These flipping rates are the input for a kinetic Monte Carlo simulation (kMC), which simulates the behavior of the dipoles over time. With this model we simulated three different switching processes on experimental time and length scales: hysteresis loops, spontaneous depolarization, and switching transients. The results of these simulations showed a good agreement with experiments and we can rationalize the obtained parameter dependencies in the framework of thermally activated nucleation limited switching (TA?NLS). The microscopic character of the model allows for a unique insight into the nucleation process of the polarization switching. We found that nucleation happens at different locations for field driven polarization switching as compared to spontaneous polarization switching. Field?driven nucleation happens at the contacts, whereas spontaneous depolarization starts at defects. This means that retention times in disordered ferroelectrics could be improved by reducing the disorder, without affecting the coercive field. Detailed analysis of the nucleation process also revealed a critical nucleation volume that decreases with applied field, which explains the Merz?like field?dependence of the switching time observed in experiments. In parallel to these microscopic simulations we developed an analytical framework based on the theory of TA?NLS. This framework is mainly focused on describing the switching transients of disordered ferroelectrics. It can be combined with concepts of the Preisach model, which considers a non?ideal ferroelectric as a collection of ideal hysterons. We were able to relate these hysterons and the distribution in their up? and down?switching fields to the microscopic structure of the material and use the combined models to explain experimentally observed dispersive switching kinetics. Whereas ferroelectrics on their own could potentially serve as memories, the readout of ferroelectric memories becomes easier if they are combined with semiconductors. We have introduced several molecular materials following the same design principle of a core?shell structure, which uniquely combine ferroelectricity and semiconductivity in one material. The experimental IV?curves of these materials could be described using an asymmetric Marcus hopping model and show their potential as memories. The combination of modeling and experimental work in this thesis thereby provides an increased understanding of organic ferroelectrics, which is crucial for their application as memories.

Charge Transport Simulations For Organic Electronics

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015

Charge Transport Simulations For Organic Electronics written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.

Organic Ferroelectric Materials And Applications

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Author : Kamal Asadi
language : en
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Release Date : 2021-10-27

Organic Ferroelectric Materials And Applications written by Kamal Asadi and has been published by Woodhead Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Organic Ferroelectric Materials and Applications aims to bring an up-to date account of the field with discussion of recent findings. This book presents an interdisciplinary resource for scientists from both academia and industry on the science and applications of molecular organic piezo- and ferroelectric materials. The book addresses the fundamental science of ferroelectric polymers, molecular crystals, supramolecular networks, and other key and emerging organic materials systems. It touches on important processing and characterization methods and provides an overview of current and emerging applications of organic piezoelectrics and ferroelectrics for electronics, sensors, energy harvesting, and biomedical technologies. Organic Ferroelectric Materials and Applications will be of special interest to those in academia or industry working in materials science, engineering, chemistry, and physics. Provides an overview of key physical properties of the emerging piezoelectric and ferroelectric molecular and supramolecular systems Discusses best practices of processing, patterning, and characterization methods and techniques Addresses current and emerging applications for electronics, materials development, sensors, energy harvesting, and biomedical technologies

Nuclear Science Abstracts

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975

Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Nuclear energy categories.

Ferroelectrics

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Author : Mickaël Lallart
language : en
Publisher: IntechOpen
Release Date : 2011-08-23

Ferroelectrics written by Mickaël Lallart and has been published by IntechOpen this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-23 with Science categories.

Ferroelectric materials have been and still are widely used in many applications, that have moved from sonar towards breakthrough technologies such as memories or optical devices. This book is a part of a four volume collection (covering material aspects, physical effects, characterization and modeling, and applications) and focuses on the underlying mechanisms of ferroelectric materials, including general ferroelectric effect, piezoelectricity, optical properties, and multiferroic and magnetoelectric devices. The aim of this book is to provide an up-to-date review of recent scientific findings and recent advances in the field of ferroelectric systems, allowing a deep understanding of the physical aspect of ferroelectricity.

Physics Of The Solid State

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995

Physics Of The Solid State written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Solid state physics categories.

Hybrid Organic Inorganic Perovskites

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Author : Li Wei
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-10-19

Hybrid Organic Inorganic Perovskites written by Li Wei and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-19 with Science categories.

Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have attracted substantial interest due to their chemical variability, structural diversity and favorable physical properties the past decade. This materials class encompasses other important families such as formates, azides, dicyanamides, cyanides and dicyanometallates. The book summarizes the chemical variability and structural diversity of all known hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites subclasses including halides, azides, formates, dicyanamides, cyanides and dicyanometallates. It also presents a comprehensive account of their intriguing physical properties, including photovoltaic, optoelectronic, dielectric, magnetic, ferroelectric, ferroelastic and multiferroic properties. Moreover, the current challenges and future opportunities in this exciting field are also been discussed. This timely book shows the readers a complete landscape of hybrid organic-inorganic pervoskites and associated multifuctionalities.

Ferroelectric Polymers

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Author : Hari Singh Nalwa
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1995-06-20

Ferroelectric Polymers written by Hari Singh Nalwa and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-06-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This work covers the chemistry and physics of polymeric materials and their uses in the fields of electronics, photonics, and biomedical engineering. It discusses the relationship between polymeric supermolecular structures and ferroelectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties.

Ferroelectric Thin Films

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Author : Masanori Okuyama
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-02-22

Ferroelectric Thin Films written by Masanori Okuyama and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-02-22 with Computers categories.

Ferroelectric thin films continue to attract much attention due to their developing applications in memory devices, FeRAM, infrared sensors, piezoelectric sensors and actuators. This book, aimed at students, researchers and developers, gives detailed information about the basic properties of these materials and the associated device physics. The contributing authors are acknowledged experts in the field.

Physics Briefs

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990

Physics Briefs written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Physics categories.