Synthesis And Characterization Of Biomedical Materials
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Synthesis And Characterization Of Biomedical Materials
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Author : Leszek Adam Dobrza ́ Nski
language : en
Publisher: Mdpi AG
Release Date : 2021-12-21
Synthesis And Characterization Of Biomedical Materials written by Leszek Adam Dobrza ́ Nski and has been published by Mdpi AG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book aims to summarize the latest achievements in the development and manufacturing of modern biomaterials used in modern medicine and dentistry, for example, in cases where, as a result of a traffic or sports accident, aging, resection of organs after oncological surgery, or dangerous inflammation, there is a need to replace lost organs, tissues, and parts of the human body. The essence of biomedical materials is their constant contact with living tissues, organisms, or microorganisms and, therefore, they should meet numerous requirements from various fields, including medicine, biology, chemistry, tissue engineering, and materials science. For this reason, biomaterials must be compatible with the organism, and biocompatibility issues must be addressed before using the product in a clinical setting. The production and synthesis of biomaterials require the use of various technologies and methods to obtain the appropriate material, which is then processed using advanced material processing technologies. Often, however, it is necessary to directly manufacture a specific product with individualized geometric features and properties tailored to the requirements of a particular patient. In such cases, additive manufacturing methods are increasingly used. In this sense, it can be considered that the Biomaterials 4.0 stage has been reached, and detailed information is included in the individual chapters of this book on the achievements in the development and manufacturing of modern biomaterials used in modern regenerative medicine, regenerative dentistry, and tissue engineering.
Polymers For Biomedicine
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Author : Carmen Scholz
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2017-06-20
Polymers For Biomedicine written by Carmen Scholz and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-20 with Science categories.
Highlighting dynamic developments in polymer synthesis, this book focuses on the chemical techniques to synthesize and characterize biomedically relevant polymers and macromolecules. • Aids researchers developing polymers and materials for biomedical applications • Describes biopolymers from a synthetic perspective, which other similar books do not do • Covers areas that include: cationically-charged macromolecules, pseudo-peptides, polydrugs and prodrugs, controlled radical polymerization, self-assembly, polycondensates, and polymers for surface modification
Natural And Synthetic Biomedical Polymers
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Author : Sangamesh G. Kum bar
language : en
Publisher: Newnes
Release Date : 2014-01-21
Natural And Synthetic Biomedical Polymers written by Sangamesh G. Kum bar and has been published by Newnes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Polymers are important and attractive biomaterials for researchers and clinical applications due to the ease of tailoring their chemical, physical and biological properties for target devices. Due to this versatility they are rapidly replacing other classes of biomaterials such as ceramics or metals. As a result, the demand for biomedical polymers has grown exponentially and supports a diverse and highly monetized research community. Currently worth $1.2bn in 2009 (up from $650m in 2000), biomedical polymers are expected to achieve a CAGR of 9.8% until 2015, supporting a current research community of approximately 28,000+. Summarizing the main advances in biopolymer development of the last decades, this work systematically covers both the physical science and biomedical engineering of the multidisciplinary field. Coverage extends across synthesis, characterization, design consideration and biomedical applications. The work supports scientists researching the formulation of novel polymers with desirable physical, chemical, biological, biomechanical and degradation properties for specific targeted biomedical applications. Combines chemistry, biology and engineering for expert and appropriate integration of design and engineering of polymeric biomaterials Physical, chemical, biological, biomechanical and degradation properties alongside currently deployed clinical applications of specific biomaterials aids use as single source reference on field. 15+ case studies provides in-depth analysis of currently used polymeric biomaterials, aiding design considerations for the future
Characterization Of Biomaterials
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Author : Ryan K. Roeder
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-03-12
Characterization Of Biomaterials written by Ryan K. Roeder and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-12 with Science categories.
The design of biomedical devices almost always involves some form of mechanical characterization of biomaterials. This chapter provides a broad overview of experimental methods and important considerations for mechanical characterization of biomaterials, with special attention to the practical needs of engineers and scientists who encounter a need to characterize the mechanical properties of a biomaterial but may not know where to begin or what the key considerations should be. Many details are necessarily omitted from this broad overview, but numerous references are provided for greater technical depth on a particular topic, standardized methodologies, and exemplary studies. Fundamental concepts are introduced, beginning with stress and strain versus force and displacement. The mechanical properties measured from a stress–strain curve, different types of stress–strain curves, and corresponding constitutive models are reviewed, including differences in material classes and anisotropy. Three primary methods of analysis for fracture mechanics are introduced, including stress concentrations, energy criteria for crack initiation and propagation (fracture toughness), and statistical methods for the probability of fracture. The mechanical characterization of biomaterials begins with selection and preparation of standardized test specimens, which are critical to obtaining accurate and reproducible measurements of material properties. Practical considerations are outlined for selection and preparation of the specimen size, geometry, surface finish, and precracking. The mechanical characterization of biomaterial test specimens always involves the application and measurement of load and deformation. Practical considerations are outlined for the selection and use of load frames, load cells, load fixtures, extensometers, and strain gauges. A number of common loading modes are introduced and compared: uniaxial tension, uniaxial compression, biaxial tension, torsion, diametral compression, three-point bending, four-point bending, and in-plane shear (including biomaterial-tissue interfacial shear strength). Strain-rate sensitivity or time-dependent behavior can profoundly influence stress–strain behavior and thus measured mechanical properties. The effects of high strain rates may be characterized by impact testing using a pendulum, drop tower, or split Hopkinson pressure bar. The effects of low strain rates may be characterized by creep deformation or creep rupture tests. The time-dependent behavior of viscoelastic materials is introduced, including creep, stress relaxation, common constitutive models, and practical considerations for testing. The frequency of loading, or cyclic loading, is another aspect of time-dependent behavior, which is critical for mechanical characterization of biomaterials, leading to fatigue deformation and failure or viscoelastic creep and stress relaxation. Practical considerations are described for selecting the waveform, frequency, cyclic stress/strain levels, loading mode, and test duration. Common methods are introduced for fatigue lifetime testing (including S-N curves, notch factors, and fatigue damage), fatigue crack propagation, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Nondestructive tests are particularly useful for sampling small volumes of a biomaterial (e.g., implant retrieval or biopsy) or characterizing spatial heterogeneity in mechanical properties. Various indentation tests and indenter geometries are introduced and compared, including classic hardness (Brinell and Rockwell), microhardness (Knoop and Vickers), and instrumented nanoindentation (Berkovich, cube corner, etc.). Methods and limitations are described for characterizing the reduced modulus, viscoelasticity, and fracture toughness using indentation. Ultrasonic wave-propagation methods are also introduced with an emphasis on methods for characterizing anisotropic elastic constants. Biomaterials are typically subjected to various sterilization methods prior to service and an aqueous physiological environment in service. Therefore, the effects of temperature, pressure, various aqueous media (water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), media, foetal bovine serum (FBS), lipids, etc.), and irradiation on mechanical characterization of biomaterials are considered, including the degradation of mechanical properties by various mechanisms involving water uptake, hydrolysis, and oxidation. Finally, methods and guidelines are provided for data acquisition from transducers and data analysis, including an introduction to some basic statistical methods.
Soft Matter Biological Materials And Biomedical Materials Synthesis Characterization And Applications Volume 1301
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Author : Adam J. Nolte
language : en
Publisher: Materials Research Society
Release Date : 2011-06-27
Soft Matter Biological Materials And Biomedical Materials Synthesis Characterization And Applications Volume 1301 written by Adam J. Nolte and has been published by Materials Research Society this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Symposium V, 'Harnessing Instabilities in Soft Material Films and Interfaces', Symposium NN, 'Biomineralization and Bioinspired Inorganic and Inorganic/Organic Materials', Symposium OO, 'Multiscale Mechanics of Hierarchical Biological, Bioinspried, and Biomedical Materials', and Symposium PP, 'Materials and Sensors for Biomedical Applications', were held Nov. 29-Dec. 3 at the 2010 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston, Massachusetts. This volume contains the joint proceedings based on these four symposia. Although organized by separate teams of scientific and engineering researchers, these symposia explore a common theme of how biological and soft material properties may be harnessed to build new structural features or elicit useful structural responses, either to understand the fundamental chemistry and mechanical principles, or to design practical sensors and metrology tools. Challenges in this field are best addressed by interdisciplinary collaborations and communication between various science and engineering disciplines. Building such collaborations was a primary goal of all of the symposia represented in this volume.
Lignin Based Materials For Biomedical Applications
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Author : Patrícia Figueiredo
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2021-07-26
Lignin Based Materials For Biomedical Applications written by Patrícia Figueiredo and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Lignin-based Materials for Biomedical Applications: Preparation, Characterization, and Implementation explores the emerging area of lignin-based materials as a platform for advanced biomedical applications, guiding the reader from source through to implementation. The first part of the book introduces the basics of lignin, including extraction methods, chemical modifications, structure and composition, and properties that make lignin suitable for biomedical applications. In addition, structural characterization techniques are described in detail. The next chapters focus on the preparation of lignin-based materials for biomedical applications, presenting methodologies for lignin-based nanoparticles, hydrogels, aerogels, and nanofibers, and providing in-depth coverage of lignin-based materials with specific properties—including antioxidant properties, UV absorbing capability, antimicrobial properties, and colloidal particles with tailored properties—and applications, such as drug and gene delivery, and tissue engineering. Finally, future perspectives and possible new applications are considered. This is an essential reference for all those with an interest in lignin-based materials and their biomedical applications, including researchers and advanced students across bio-based polymers, polymer science, polymer chemistry, biomaterials, nanotechnology, materials science and engineering, drug delivery, and biomedical engineering, as well as industrial R&D and scientists involved with bio-based polymers, specifically for biomedical applications. Unlocks the potential of lignin-based materials with advanced properties for cutting-edge applications in areas such as drug delivery, gene delivery and tissue engineering Presents state-of-the-art methodologies used in the development of lignin-based nanoparticles, hydrogels, aerogels and nanofibers Explains the fundamentals of lignin, including structure and composition, extraction and isolation methods, types and properties, chemical modifications, and characterization techniques
Biocompatible Nanomaterials
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Author : S. Ashok Kumar
language : en
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Release Date : 2010
Biocompatible Nanomaterials written by S. Ashok Kumar and has been published by Nova Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Biocompatibility categories.
'Biocompatible Nanomaterials' are found as important and keep growing in the field of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Researchers are investing much effort on the synthesis and applications of various biocompatible nanomaterials, due to their potential applications in biomedical science, biosensors, bio-chip designing, drug delivery etc. In particular, biocompatible nanomaterials are used to replace or applied directly instead of natural materials to function or contact with the living systems. This book provides new research and developments about the biocompatible nanomaterials conducted by the scientists who are currently working on Nanoscience.
Polymer Gels
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Author : Vijay Kumar Thakur
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-08-07
Polymer Gels written by Vijay Kumar Thakur and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book addresses a range of synthesis and characterization techniques that are critical for tailoring and broadening the various aspects of polymer gels, as well as the numerous advantages that polymer gel-based materials offer. It presents a comprehensive collection of chapters on the recent advances and developments in the science and fundamentals of both synthetic and natural polymer-based gels. Topics covered include: synthesis and structure of physically/chemically cross-linked polymer-gels/polymeric nanogels; gel formation through non-covalent cross-linking; molecular design and characterization; polysaccharide-based polymer gels: synthesis, characterization, and properties; modified polysaccharide gels: silica-based polymeric gels as platforms for the delivery of pharmaceuticals; gel-based approaches in genomic and proteomic sciences; emulgels in drug delivery; and organogels. The book provides a cutting-edge resource for researchers and scientists working in various fields involving polymers, biomaterials, bio-nanotechnology and functional materials.
Chemistry Of Bioconjugates
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Author : Ravin Narain
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-12-02
Chemistry Of Bioconjugates written by Ravin Narain and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-02 with Science categories.
Explores bioconjugate properties and applications of polymers, dendrimers, lipids, nanoparticles, and nanotubes Bioconjugation has enabled breakthroughs across many areas of industry and biomedicine. With its emphasis on synthesis, properties and applications, this book enables readers to understand the connection between chemistry and the biological application of bioconjugated materials. Its detailed descriptions of methods make it possible for researchers to fabricate and take full advantage of bioconjugates for a broad range of applications. Moreover, the book sets the foundation for the development of new applications, including assays, imaging, biosensors, drug delivery, and diagnostics. Chemistry of Bioconjugates features contributions from an international team of leading experts and pioneers in the field. These contributions reflect the authors’ firsthand laboratory experience as well as a thorough review of the current literature. The book’s six sections examine: General methods of bioconjugation Polymer bioconjugates Organic nanoparticle-based bioconjugates Inorganic nanomaterial bioconjugates, including metals and metal oxides Cell-based, hydrogel/microgel, and glyco-bioconjugates Characterization, physico-(bio)chemical properties, and applications of bioconjugates This comprehensive exploration of bioconjugates includes discussions of polymers, dendrimers, lipids, nanoparticles, and nanotubes. References at the end of each chapter serve as a gateway to the most important original research findings and reviews in the field. By drawing together and analyzing all the latest chemical methods and research findings on the physico-chemical and biochemical properties of bioconjugates, Chemistry of Bioconjugates sheds new light on the significance and potential of bioconjugation. The book is recommended for organic and polymer chemists, biochemists, biomaterial scientists, carbohydrate chemists, biophysicists, bioengineers, and drug and gene delivery scientists.
Artificial Protein And Peptide Nanofibers
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Author : Gang Wei
language : en
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Release Date : 2020-07-28
Artificial Protein And Peptide Nanofibers written by Gang Wei and has been published by Woodhead Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Artificial Protein and Peptide Nanofibers: Design, Fabrication, Characterization, and Applications provides comprehensive knowledge of the preparation, modification and applications of protein and peptide nanofibers. The book reviews the synthesis and strategies necessary to create protein and peptide nanofibers, such as self-assembly (including supramolecular assembly), electrospinning, template synthesis, and enzymatic synthesis. Then, the key chemical modification and molecular design methods are highlighted that can be utilized to improve the bio-functions of these synthetic fibers. Finally, fabrication methods for key applications, such as sensing, drug delivery, imaging, tissue engineering and electronic devices are reviewed. This book will be an ideal resource for those working in materials science, polymer science, chemical engineering, nanotechnology and biomedicine. Reviews key chemical modification and molecular design methods to improve the bio-functions of synthetic peptide and protein nanofibers Discusses the most important synthesis strategies, including supramolecular assembly, electrospinning, template synthesis and enzymatic synthesis Provides information on fabrication of nanofibers for key applications such as sensing, imaging, drug delivery and tissue engineering