Synthesis And Characterization Of Block Copolymer Ionomers With Coexisting Dual Microphase Separated Morphologies
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Synthesis And Characterization Of Block Copolymer Ionomers With Coexisting Dual Microphase Separated Morphologies
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Synthesis And Characterization Of Block Copolymer Ionomers With Coexisting Dual Microphase Separated Morphologies written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with categories.
Three types of block copolymers were used to prepare block copolymer ionomers: (1) a triblock copolymer of styrene and ethylene-co-butylene (SEBS) obtained commercially and diblock and triblock copolymers of styrene and ethylene-co-propylene (SEP and SEPS) that were synthesized by anionic polymerization of styrene and isoprene followed by hydrogenation of the polyisoprene block. The styrene content of the SEBS was 30% (wt); the styrene content of the SEP and SEPS was varied from 10-50% to obtain spherical, cylindrical or lamellar microstructures. The styrene blocks were sulfonated to 0-18 mol% with acetyl sulfate, and the free acid derivative and the Na(+) and Zn(2+) salts were prepared. The block copolymer ionomers exhibited two different levels of microphase separation: (1) a block microstructure with a characteristic dimension of the order of 10-20 nm and an ionic microstructure of the order of 2A nm that was located within the styrene block microdomains. The effects of sulfonation, nature of the cation, temperature and sample preparation on the different microstructures and the properties of the polymers were studied by dynamic mechanical analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and small angle x-ray scattering. The effect of adding homopolymers that are miscible with the ionic phase was also studied. jg.
Synthesis And Characterization Of Ionically Bonded Diblock Copolymers
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Author : Lei Feng (Chemical engineer)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Synthesis And Characterization Of Ionically Bonded Diblock Copolymers written by Lei Feng (Chemical engineer) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Diblock copolymers categories.
Block copolymers consist of two or more incompatible polymer chains linked by covalent bonds. These block copolymer can separate into nanometer sized domains whose morphology depends upon the size of the block and interactions between them. The properties of block copolymers can be modified and potentially improved by introducing noncovalent interactions to replace covalent linkages between blocks to form supramolecular block copolymers. These kinds of materials combine the microphase separation inherent to block copolymers with the facile synthesis of supramolecular materials thereby affording new and unique materials. This dissertation focuses on synthesis and characterization of PS-b-PMA block copolymers with ion-pair junctions.Firstly, the chain-end sulfonated polystyrene ([omega]-sulfonated PS) was synthesized by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and postpolymerization modification. In the postpolymerization modification two methods were investigated: in the first one, the polymer was converted to a thiol-terminated polymer by aminolysis. Then a sulfonic acid end-group was produced then by oxidation of the thiol end-group with m-chloroperoxybenzoicacid (m-CPBA); in the second method, the RAFT-polymerized polymer was directly sulfonated by oxidation with m-CPBA. After purification by column chromatography, [omega]-sulfonated PS was obtained by both methods with greater than 95% end-group functionality as measured by titration. The sulfonic acid end-group could be neutralized with various ammonium or imidazolium counter ions through acid-base or ionic metathesis reactions. These polymers with ionic end-group can be used as model supramolecular building blocks.Secondly, ammonium end functionalized polymethylacrylate (PMA) was synthesized directly by RAFT polymerization using functional RAFT agent. Then chain-end sulfonated polystyrene and ammonium end functionalized polymethylacrylate (PMA) were used to synthesize A-B block copolymers by two different methods: the first method was by mixing two oppositely charged end group functionalized polymers; the second method was to ionically bond a RAFT agent to the chain end of an end sulfonated polymer to generate a supramolecular macro RAFT agent then an A-B block copolymer was prepared by RAFT polymerization using supramolecular macro-RAFT agent. The polymerization kinetics were investigated and the molecular weight and the chemical structure of the block copolymers were characterized by 1H-NMR and SEC. The results show that the ion-bonded supramolecular block copolymer, PS-PMA, have been successfully prepared with controlled molecular weight and narrow distribution.Thirdly, the morphology of the ion-bonded supramolecular PS-PMA diblock copolymers were investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and rheological techniques. Several covalently bonded PS-PMA block copolymers were synthesized by RAFT polymerization and their micro domain structures and rheology behaviors were also investigated. The results showed that the electrostatic interactions between the end ion groups are able to overcome the thermodynamic repulsion of two blocks result in the formation of diblock copolymers with similar behaviors and morphology of traditional covalent bonded diblock copolymers and their micro domain structures remain to high temperatures.
Hydrophilic Hydrophobic Microphase Separated Block Copolymers Synthesis Characterization And Blood Compatibility
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Author : David William Grainger
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Hydrophilic Hydrophobic Microphase Separated Block Copolymers Synthesis Characterization And Blood Compatibility written by David William Grainger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with categories.
Government Reports Announcements Index
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995-11
Government Reports Announcements Index written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-11 with Science categories.
Synthesis Characterization And Self Assembly Of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers
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Author : Xiaojun Wang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Synthesis Characterization And Self Assembly Of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers written by Xiaojun Wang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
This dissertation presents a review on state-of-the-art research of well-defined charged block copolymers, including synthesis, characterization, bulk morphology and self-assembly in aqueous solution of amphiphilic block polyelectrolytes. In Chapter 1, as a general introduction, experimental observations and theoretical calculations devoted towards understanding morphological behavior in charged block copolymer systems are reviewed along with some of the new emerging research directions. Further investigation of charged systems is urged in order to fully understand their morphological behavior and to directly target structures for the tremendous potential in technological applications. Following this background, in Chapters 2, 3, 4 and 5 are presented the design and synthesis of a series of well-defined block copolymers composed of charged and neutral block copolymers with full characterization: sulfonated polystyrene-b-fluorinated polyisoprene (sPS-b-fPI) and polystyrene-b-sulfonated poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene) (PS-b-sPCHD). Their bulk morphological behaviors in melts and self-assembly of sPS-b-fPI, PS-b-sPCHD in water were investigated. Some unique behaviors of sPS-b-fPI were discovered. The mechanisms for formation of novel nanostructures in aqueous solution are discussed in details in Chapter 4. Spherical and vesicular structures were formed from strong electrolyte block copolymers, e.g. PS-bsPCHD. Detailed light scattering and transmission electron microscopy were applied to characterize these structures. The abnormal formation of vesicles as well as microstructure effects on self-assembly is discussed in Chapter 5. In Chapter 6, we describe the successful synthesis of a well-defined acid-based block copolymers containing polyisoprene while maintaining the integrity of the functionality (double bonds) of polyisoprene. A general purification method is also presented in order to remove homo polyisoprene, polystyrene, and PS-b-PI in the di-, and tri-block copolymers. The self-assembly of PS-b-PI-b-PAA triblock terpolymers was studied in order to form multicompartmental structures in aqueous environments. In the last Chapter 7, detailed synthesis and characterization of a novel conjugate: poly(L-leucine) grafted hyaluronan (HA) (HA-g-PLeu) are presented. This work describes a new method to synthesize HA-g-PLeu via a "grafting onto" strategy. Due to the amphiphilic nature of this graft copolymers, a "local network" formed by self-assembly which was characterized by atomic force microscopy and light scattering. The secondary structure of the polypeptide was revealed by circular dichroism.
Engineered Materials Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992-03
Engineered Materials Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-03 with Ceramic materials categories.
Characterization Of Polymer Blends
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Author : Sabu Thomas
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-02-09
Characterization Of Polymer Blends written by Sabu Thomas and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-09 with Science categories.
Filling the gap for a reference dedicated to the characterization of polymer blends and their micro and nano morphologies, this book provides comprehensive, systematic coverage in a one-stop, two-volume resource for all those working in the field. Leading researchers from industry and academia, as well as from government and private research institutions around the world summarize recent technical advances in chapters devoted to their individual contributions. In so doing, they examine a wide range of modern characterization techniques, from microscopy and spectroscopy to diffraction, thermal analysis, rheology, mechanical measurements and chromatography. These methods are compared with each other to assist in determining the best solution for both fundamental and applied problems, paying attention to the characterization of nanoscale miscibility and interfaces, both in blends involving copolymers and in immiscible blends. The thermodynamics, miscibility, phase separation, morphology and interfaces in polymer blends are also discussed in light of new insights involving the nanoscopic scale. Finally, the authors detail the processing-morphology-property relationships of polymer blends, as well as the influence of processing on the generation of micro and nano morphologies, and the dependence of these morphologies on the properties of blends. Hot topics such as compatibilization through nanoparticles, miscibility of new biopolymers and nanoscale investigations of interfaces in blends are also addressed. With its application-oriented approach, handpicked selection of topics and expert contributors, this is an outstanding survey for anyone involved in the field of polymer blends for advanced technologies.
Lignin Chemistry And Applications
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Author : Jin Huang
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2019-02-07
Lignin Chemistry And Applications written by Jin Huang and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Lignin Chemistry and Application systematically discusses the structure, physical and chemical modification of lignin, along with its application in the field of chemicals and materials. It presents the history of lignin chemistry and lignin-modified materials, describes recent progresses, applications and studies, and prospects the development direction of high value applications of lignin in the field of material science. In addition to covering the basic theories and technologies relating to the research and application of lignin in polymer chemistry and materials science, the book also summarizes the latest applications in rubber, engineering plastics, adhesives, films and hydrogels. Systematically discusses the structure, physical and chemical modification of lignin and its application in materials Presents the latest research results in the field of lignin Indicates the development direction of high value applications of lignin in a range of fields, including petrochemicals, household applications, medicine, agriculture, and more
Reactive Polymers Fundamentals And Applications
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Author : Johannes Karl Fink
language : en
Publisher: William Andrew
Release Date : 2005-07-15
Reactive Polymers Fundamentals And Applications written by Johannes Karl Fink and has been published by William Andrew this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-07-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Loaded with practical knowledge, Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications: A Concise Guide to Industrial Polymers comprehensively presents the state-of-art of methods and materials for the formulation of polymeric resins. It is an indispensable tool for chemists, engineers, and manufacturers who use, formulate, and cure raw materials into final products. The text focuses on the chemical modification of properties during the final stage of part fabrication from plastics. Newer applications range from the small scale, such as dental fillings, to industrial processes for batch fabrication. The book covers resin groups in major use in industry and under active research and development.
Shape Memory Polymers
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Author : Jinlian Hu
language : en
Publisher: Smithers Rapra
Release Date : 2014-05-27
Shape Memory Polymers written by Jinlian Hu and has been published by Smithers Rapra this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-27 with Science categories.
Shape-memory polymers (SMP) are a unique branch of the smart materials family which are capable of changing shape on-demand upon exposure to external stimulus. The discovery of SMP made a significant breakthrough in the developments of novel smart materials for a variety of engineering applications, superseded the traditional materials, and also influenced the current methods of product designing. This book provides the latest advanced information of on-going research domains of SMP. This will certainly enlighten the reader to the achievements and tremendous potentials of SMP. The basic fundamentals of SMP, including shape-memory mechanisms and mechanics are described. This will aid reader to become more familiar with SMP and the basic concepts, thus guiding them in undergoing independent research in the SMP field. The book also provides the reader with associated challenges and existing application problems of SMP. This could assist the reader to focus more on these issues and further exploit their knowledge to look for innovative solutions. Future outlooks of SMP research are discussed as well. This book should prove to be extremely useful for academics, R&D managers, researcher scientists, engineers, and all others related to the SMP research.