Tata Ruang Sungai Aluvial Dan Sungai Non Aluvial Cat Dan Non Cat
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Tata Ruang Sungai Aluvial Dan Sungai Non Aluvial Cat Dan Non Cat
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Author : Robert J. Kodoatie
language : id
Publisher: Penerbit Andi
Release Date : 2021-03-04
Tata Ruang Sungai Aluvial Dan Sungai Non Aluvial Cat Dan Non Cat written by Robert J. Kodoatie and has been published by Penerbit Andi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-04 with Science categories.
Tata ruang adalah wujud struktur ruang dan pola ruang. Sungai adalah alur atau wadah air alami dan/atau buatan berupa jaringan pengaliran air beserta air di dalamnya, mulai dari hulu sampai muara, dengan dibatasi kanan dan kiri oleh garis sempadan. Sistem sungai adalah daerah aliran sungai (DAS), sungai, dan anak-anak sungai. Ruang sungai merupakan sistem sungai secara tiga dimensi, yaitu: ruang sungai di darat (di muka bumi dan di dalam bumi), di udara, dan di laut. Aluvial adalah tanah (soil) atau endapan yang lepas, belum terpampatkan (unconsolidated) sehingga ada celah/rongga di mana air bisa lewat, tak melekat bersama menjadi batuan padat, tererosi, tersimpan, dan terbentuk (reshaped) oleh air dalam suatu bentuk/kondisi (form) bukan bentukan laut. CAT adalah suatu wilayah yang dibatasi oleh batas hidrogeologik, tempat semua kejadian hidrogeologik seperti proses pengimbuhan, pengaliran, dan pelepasan air tanah berlangsung. Ruang darat (100%) Indonesia terbagi atas daerah aluvial dan non-aluvial, 7.977 DAS, 128 Wilayah Sungai, CAT (47%), dan Non-CAT (53%). Ruang Indonesia terbagi atas ruang wilayah-wilayah provinsi, kabupaten, dan kota. Sampai saat ini Indonesia terdiri atas 34 provinsi, 416 kabupaten, 99 kota, 6.793 kecamatan atau distrik, dan 79.075 kelurahan/desa dan akan terus berubah/bertambah bila terjadi pemekaran. Penduduk Indonesia saat ini berkisar 265 juta orang dan akan terus bertambah seiring dengan laju pertumbuhan. Dua puluh tahun ke depan penduduk Indonesia akan menjadi +351juta. Masalah yang paling utama yang sudah dan akan terjadi adalah over population (kelebihan penduduk) di suatu daerah. Sebagai contoh, Pulau Jawa merupakan pulau yang terpadat di dunia untuk pulau dengan luas > 100.000 km2. Berbagai persoalan akan, sedang, dan terus berlangsung, di antaranya: bencana banjir dan longsor di musim hujan dan bencana kekeringan di musim kemarau, serta kuantitas dan kualitas air yang terus menurun. Oleh karena itu diperlukan tata ruang, baik buatan (wilayah-wilayah provinsi dan kabupaten/kota) maupun alami (DAS aluvial dan non-aluvial, CAT dan Non-CAT) yang dikaitkan dengan air. Pemahaman tentang sungai aluvial dan non-aluvial, CAT dan Non-CAT mutlak diperlukan. Buku ini secara sederhana menjelaskan hal tersebut sehingga dapat dimengerti dan selanjutnya merupakan salah satu rujukan dalam menata ruang wilayah. Komprehensif, integrasi, sinergi, dan harmoni tata ruang buatan dan tata ruang alami mutlak diperlukan. Tata ruang buatan harus menyesuaikan dengan tata ruang alami.
Tata Ruang Air Tanah
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Author : Robert J. Kodoatie
language : id
Publisher: Penerbit Andi
Release Date : 2021-03-04
Tata Ruang Air Tanah written by Robert J. Kodoatie and has been published by Penerbit Andi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Berdasarkan KepPres No. 26 Tahun 2011 Tentang Penetapan Cekungan Air tanah, ruang darat Indonesia di bawah muka tanah dibagi menjadi daerah cekungan air tanah (CAT) dan Bukan (Non) CAT atau CAT tidak potensial. Perinciannya adalah ruang darat seluas 1,922,600 km2 (100 %) terdiri atas CAT seluas 907,615 km2 (atau 47,2 % luas daratan) dan Non-CAT seluas 1,014,985 km2 (atau 52,8 % luas daratan). Mengacu pada definisi tata ruang dalam UU No. 26 Tahun 2007 Tentang Penataan Ruang, tata ruang air tanah dapat didefinisikan sebagai wujud struktur ruang air tanah dan pola ruang air tanah. Struktur ruang air tanah adalah susunan pusat-pusat sumber daya air tanah dan sistem infrastruktur air tanah berupa akuifer tertekan (confined aquifer) dan akuifer bebas (unconfined aquifer) dalam cekungan air tanah (groundwater basin). Air tanah dalam hal ini terjemahan dari groundwater namun juga air tanah yang diterjemahkan dari soil water. Di atas groundwater ada daerah vadoze zone yang berisi soil water. Air dalam perspektif siklus hidrologi secara global mengikuti, lewat, berada dan mengalir melalui ruang udara, ruang darat (baik daerah CAT maupun daerah Non-CAT) dan ruang laut. Air terdiri atas air permukaan, air tanah, air hujan dan air laut yang berada di darat. Dari sisi air tanah maka ada beberapa substansi penting dalam ruang darat, yaitu: • Karakter CAT dan Non-CAT berbeda baik di muka bumi maupun di bawah muka bumi. • Di daerah CAT air tanah terdiri atas groundwater dan soil water. Di daerah Non-CAT hanya ada soil water. • Di muka bumi CAT dan Non-CAT mempengaruhi fluvial system (DAS dan sistem jaringan sungainya). • Ada beberapa daerah CAT di Indonesia yang bersifat aluvial, produk dari sedimen muda dan terletak di cekungan sedimen muda (young sedimentary basin) terbentuk pada jaman kuarter/holosen. Di daerah ini fluvial system bersifat saluran/sungai beregim (channel in regime) sedangkan fluvial system daerah Non-CAT termasuk daerah saluran/sungai non-regim (non-regime channel). o Sungai beregim (daerah CAT) akan selalu berubah untuk mencapai keseimbangan antara agradasi (penambahan sedimen) dan degradasi (gerusan). Muatan sedimen utamanya pasir, lanau dan lempung umumnya ada di sungai ini. o Sungai non regim (daerah Non-CAT) dikontrol oleh: lapisan batuan dasar dan aluvial tua. o Dengan kata lain keberadaan air tanah dalam CAT dan Non-CAT berpengaruh terhadap air permukaan sekaligus dengan sumber daya air. • Ada juga daerah CAT yang bukan aluvial misalnya CAT pada batuan kapur, di mana air mengalir melalui celahan atau rekahan batuan tersebut. • Di daerah Non-CAT potensi longsor tinggi. Contoh yang pernah terjadi yaitu bencana banjir bandang Leuser di Sumatra, bencana Wasior di Papua, longsor di Banjarnegara Jawa Tengah, gerakan tanah pada pembangunan Jalan Tol Semarang Solo di Ungaran dan Penggaron dan amblesnya beberapa bangunan di Proyek Hambalang. • Di daerah CAT dengan kedalaman dangkal banyak terjadi perubahan sungai dan juga berpotensi longsor. Contoh perubahan sungai adalah S. Palu di Kota Palu dan contoh longsor yang pernah terjadi adalah bencana longsor di Desa Pulau Aro Kecamatan Sekernan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi yang dilalui S. Batanghari yang terjadi di Bulan Agustus lalu. • Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan (archipelago islands) yang terluas di dunia dengan jumlah pulau 17508. Lima pulau besar dengan luas > 100000 km2 adalah Kalimantan, Sumatra, Papua, Sulawesi, Jawa; ada 26 pulau mempunyai luas < 100000 km2 namun > 2000 km2 ; sisanya 17477 (99,8% dari seluruh pulau) adalah pulau-pulau kecil dengan luas < 2000 km2. Hampir semua pulau-pulau kecil adalah Non-CAT. • Berdasar luas pulau dan tata ruang air tanah (daerah CAT maupun di daerah Non-CAT) maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa karakteristik antara pulau berbeda-beda. Dengan kata lain antara pulau-pulau besar seperti Sumatra, Jawa, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Papua, Kepulauan Maluku, Bali, NTB dan NTT karakteristiknya berbeda. Antara pulau-pulau kecil dengan luas lebih kecil dari 2000 km2 juga mempunyai karakteristik yang unik. Demikian pula antara pulau-pulau besar dan kecil karakteristiknya berbeda. Sehingga pengelolaan sumber daya air termasuk pengelolaan air tanah dan penataan ruang pulau2 baik yang besar dan yang kecil tidak bisa diseragamkan dan harus dikaji lebih detail karena keunikan tersebut. Buku ini berupaya untuk menjelaskan Tata Ruang Air Tanah (CAT dan Non-CAT) yang dikaitkan dengan aspek-aspek pengelolaan sumber daya air yaitu konservasi sumber daya air, pendaya-gunaan sumber daya air dan pengendalian daya rusak air sekaligus tata ruang wilayah (baik nasional, provinsi dan kabupaten/kota). Dengan pemahaman yang benar diharapkan dapat ada harmonisasi antara pengelolaan sumber daya air dan penataan ruang berdasarkan tata ruang air tanah.
Buku Ajar Ekonomi Produksi Pertanian
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Author : Supriyo Imran
language : id
Publisher: Ideas Publishing
Release Date : 2022-12-07
Buku Ajar Ekonomi Produksi Pertanian written by Supriyo Imran and has been published by Ideas Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-07 with Antiques & Collectibles categories.
Tujuan buku ini secara langsung untuk melengkapi teori- teori ekonomi produksi pertanian karena walaupun sumber referensi berasal dari buku-buku yang terbit tahun 1980-an, mata kuliah Ekonomi Produksi Pertanian masih merupakan salah satu mata kuliah wajib di Program Studi Agribisnis banyak perguruan tinggi, baik pada jenjang sarjana maupun magister. Sehingga diharapkan kehadiran buku ini dapat menambah dan melengkapi buku ekonomi produksi pertanian yang masih minim jumlahnya di tengah tengah masyarakat.
Life After Logging
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Author : E. Meijaard
language : en
Publisher: CIFOR
Release Date : 2005-01-01
Life After Logging written by E. Meijaard and has been published by CIFOR this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Animals categories.
This book presents a technical review of ecological and life history information on a range of Bornean wildlife species, aimed at identifying what makes these species sensitive to timber harvesting practices and associated impacts. It addresses three audiences: 1) those involved in assessing and regulating timber harvesting activities in Southeast Asia, 2) those involved in trying to achieve conservation goals in the region, and 3) those undertaking research to improve multipurpose forest management. This book shows that forest management can be improved in many simple ways to allow timber extraction and wildlife conservation to be more compatible than under current practices. The recommendations can also be valuable to the many governmental and non-governmental organisations promoting sustainable forest management and eco-labelling. Finally, it identifies a number of shortcomings and gaps in knowledge, which the hope can interest the scientific community and promote further research. This review is, an important scientific step toward understanding and improving sustainable forestry practices for long-term biodiversity conservation. Even in the short term, however, significant improvements can be made to improve both conservation and the efficiency of forest management, and there is no need to delay action due to a perceived lack of information. In the longer term it is expected that the recommendations from this review will be implemented, and that further research will continue to help foster an acceptable balance among the choices needed to maintain healthy wildlife populations and biodiversity in a productive forest estate.
The Routledge Handbook Of Research Methods For Social Ecological Systems
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Author : Reinette Biggs
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-07-29
The Routledge Handbook Of Research Methods For Social Ecological Systems written by Reinette Biggs and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-29 with Nature categories.
The Routledge Handbook of Research Methods for Social-Ecological Systems provides a synthetic guide to the range of methods that can be employed in social-ecological systems (SES) research. The book is primarily targeted at graduate students, lecturers and researchers working on SES, and has been written in a style that is accessible to readers entering the field from a variety of different disciplinary backgrounds. Each chapter discusses the types of SES questions to which the particular methods are suited and the potential resources and skills required for their implementation, and provides practical examples of the application of the methods. In addition, the book contains a conceptual and practical introduction to SES research, a discussion of key gaps and frontiers in SES research methods, and a glossary of key terms in SES research. Contributions from 97 different authors, situated at SES research hubs in 16 countries around the world, including South Africa, Sweden, Germany and Australia, bring a wealth of expertise and experience to this book. The first book to provide a guide and introduction specifically focused on methods for studying SES, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars of sustainability science, environmental management, global environmental change studies and environmental governance. The book will also be of interest to upper-level undergraduates and professionals working at the science–policy interface in the environmental arena.
Groundwater In The Environment
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Author : Paul L. Younger
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-03-12
Groundwater In The Environment written by Paul L. Younger and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-12 with Science categories.
This accessible new textbook provides a thorough introduction toall aspects of groundwater systems and their management. Usingstraightforward language and analogies to everyday experiences, itexplains the origins, nature, and behavior of subsurface waterwithout resorting to complicated mathematics. Groundwater in the Environment draws on case studies andcutting-edge research from around the world, giving a uniqueinsight into groundwater occurring in a wide range of differentclimate zones and geological settings. This book: provides a robust, practical introduction to groundwaterquality, and a succinct summary of modern remedial technologies forpolluted groundwaters explores how groundwater fits into the wider naturalenvironment, especially in relation to freshwater ecosystems considers the vulnerability of groundwater systems and theeffects of pollution, climate change, land-use change, andoverexploitation examines human dependence on water and the effect that this hason groundwater systems presents vivid examples of geohazards associated with groundwaters explains the whys and wherefores of groundwater modeling examines competing philosophies of groundwater management,making the case for approaches which take social, economic andecological issues into account. Goundwater in the Environment provides an up-to-date,essential introduction for undergraduate students of environmentalsciences, geography and geology. It will also be invaluable toprofessionals working in various fields of natural resourcemanagement who need accessible information on groundwater but whoare reluctant to read conventional texts full of mathematicalnotation. For practicing hydrogeologists and engineers withoutformal training in freshwater ecology, this book provides a `crashcourse' in the new frontiers of groundwater management. Artwork from the book is available to instructors online at ahref="http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/younger"www.blackwellpublishing.com/younger/a.An Instructor manual CD-ROM for this title is available. Pleasecontact our Higher Education team at ahref="mailto:[email protected]"[email protected]/afor more information.
Human Dimensions Of Ecological Restoration
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Author : Dave Egan
language : en
Publisher: Island Press
Release Date : 2012-09-26
Human Dimensions Of Ecological Restoration written by Dave Egan and has been published by Island Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-26 with Nature categories.
When it comes to implementing successful ecological restoration projects, the social, political, economic, and cultural dimensions are often as important as-and sometimes more important than-technical or biophysical knowledge. Human Dimensions of Ecological Restoration takes an interdisciplinary look at the myriad human aspects of ecological restoration. In twenty-six chapters written by experts from around the world, it provides practical and theoretical information, analysis, models, and guidelines for optimizing human involvement in restoration projects. Six categories of social activities are examined: collaboration between land manager and stakeholders ecological economics volunteerism and community-based restoration environmental education ecocultural and artistic practices policy and politics For each category, the book offers an introductory theoretical chapter followed by multiple case studies, each of which focuses on a particular aspect of the category and provides a perspective from within a unique social/political/cultural setting. Human Dimensions of Ecological Restoration delves into the often-neglected aspects of ecological restoration that ultimately make the difference between projects that are successfully executed and maintained with the support of informed, engaged citizens, and those that are unable to advance past the conceptual stage due to misunderstandings or apathy. The lessons contained will be valuable to restoration veterans and greenhorns alike, scholars and students in a range of fields, and individuals who care about restoring their local lands and waters.
El Mundo Ind Gena 2008
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Author :
language : es
Publisher: IWGIA
Release Date : 2008
El Mundo Ind Gena 2008 written by and has been published by IWGIA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Papua Road Map
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Author : Muridan S. Widjojo
language : en
Publisher: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia
Release Date : 2010-01-01
Papua Road Map written by Muridan S. Widjojo and has been published by Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-01 with Social Science categories.
The sources of the Papua conflict are grouped into four sets of issues. First, is the problem of the marginalization of indigenous Papuans, and the discriminatory impacts on them resulting from the economic development of, political conflicts in, and mass migrations to Papua since 1970. To respond to this problem, an affirmative policy of recognition must be developed to empower indigenous Papuans. The second issue is the failure of development, particularly in the fields of education, health, and people's economic empowerment. This requires a new paradigm of development, focused on improving public services for the welfare of indigenous Papuans in the villages. The third main problem is the contradictions that exist between Papuan and Jakartan constructions of political identity and history. This problem can only be settled through dialogue, along the lines of the dialogue that was conducted for Aceh. The fourth issue is accountability for past state violence toward Indonesian citizens in Papua. For this, a road to reconciliation must be cleared, on which courts of human rights and the disclosure of the truth are the means of choice for law and justice to be upheld in Papua, for the victims and their families in particular, and all Indonesian citizens of Papua in general. The above four issues and agendas can be woven together to form a mutually interrelated policy strategy for comprehensive long-term resolution of the Papuan conflict. The atmosphere of Reformasi, and the existence of the accommodative Law No. 21/2001 on Special Autonomy (UU Otsus), a responsive central government, as well as the very large size of Papua's budget, lead the LIPI team to have faith that the problems of Papua can be resolved with justice, peace and dignity.
Groundwater Hydrology
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Author : David Keith Todd
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1959
Groundwater Hydrology written by David Keith Todd and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1959 with Aguas subterráneas categories.