Tax Price Elasticity Of Charitable Donations
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Tax Price Elasticity Of Charitable Donations
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Tax Price Elasticity Of Charitable Donations written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Charitable Giving And Tax Policy
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Author : Gabrielle Fack
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016-09-01
Charitable Giving And Tax Policy written by Gabrielle Fack and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Over the past couple of decades, differentials in the level of private contributions to charitable organizations have become a central matter of public policy. Because private charitable contributions finance many socially valuable activities (for example, education and the arts), many governments have tried to boost private philanthropy through various active policy interventions. Furthermore, the temptation to rely on private contributions to finance the provision of public goods has increased substantially in recent years as fiscal constraints have become tighter. Yet there is little robust quantitative evidence regarding the differentials in private charitable giving across countries, and more importantly very little consensus on why these differentials may exist. This volume provides an original, comparative, and historical analysis of charitable giving and of tax policies towards private philanthropy across different countries. It sheds new light on the determinants of private philanthropy and offers interesting practical insights for improving tax policies towards charitable giving.
The Effect Of Tax Price On Donations
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Author : Ross Hickey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
The Effect Of Tax Price On Donations written by Ross Hickey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Using a large administrative dataset from Canada we estimate that the tax price elasticity of charitable donations is -1.9. When we allow for heterogeneity of this parameter across the income distribution, we observe a large elasticity at the bottom of the distribution between -3 and -4, and an elasticity closer to -1 at the top. We find evidence that the response to tax price occurs on both the intensive margin of how much to give, and the extensive margin of whether to give or not.
How Does Charitable Giving Respond To Incentives And Income
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Author : Jon M. Bakija
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
How Does Charitable Giving Respond To Incentives And Income written by Jon M. Bakija and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Charities categories.
We estimate the elasticity of charitable giving with respect to its price and after-tax income using a panel of over 550,000 disproportionately high-income tax returns spanning the years 1979 through 2005. Improvements relative to the previous literature include: using state tax variation to help identify our model while controlling for both individual- and time-specific unobserved heterogeneity; carefully dealing with expectations; allowing people at different income levels to have different degrees responsiveness to taxation and different time paths of unobservable influences on giving; and using a measure of charitable giving that more closely approximates current donations. To address the omitted variable bias that would otherwise arise from failing to control for unobservable expectations of future prices and future incomes, we use predictable changes in future federal and state marginal tax rates and tax liabilities, arising from their pre-announced and phased-in nature, as instruments for future changes in prices and income. Our estimate of the elasticity of giving with respect to a persistent price change for the full sample is about -0.7; this elasticity is generally larger when the sample is limited to high-income people and we control for time-varying unobservable influences on charity in a flexible fashion. We find some evidence, particularly among very high-income people, of re-timing giving in response to expected future changes in price, but this finding is sensitive to the source of identification for the price effects. Our estimates are broadly consistent the permanent income hypothesis. Expenditures on charitable giving are estimated to respond more strongly to persistent changes in income than to transitory fluctuations in income. Moreover, we find evidence in some specifications that people will increase their charitable giving now in response to a predictable reduction in future tax liability arising from tax reform.
Effects Of The Price Of Charitable Giving
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Author : Jonathan Meer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Effects Of The Price Of Charitable Giving written by Jonathan Meer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Economics categories.
A long literature has examined the effects of the price of giving - that is, the amount an in-dividual must give for one dollar to accrue to the charitable activity itself - on donative behavior. We use data from DonorsChoose.org, an online platform linking teachers with prospective donors, that are uniquely suited to addressing this question due to exogenous variation in overhead costs. An increased price of giving results in a lower likelihood of a project being funded. We also calculate the price elasticity of giving, finding estimates between -0.8 and -2; these are likely to be upper bounds on the tax price elasticity of charitable donations. Finally, we examine the effect of competition on giving and find that increased competition reduces the likelihood of a project being funded. These results provide insight into the workings of the market for charitable gifts.
The Price Elasticity Of Charitable Giving
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Author : Kimberly Ann Scharf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
The Price Elasticity Of Charitable Giving written by Kimberly Ann Scharf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Gifts categories.
Identification In Tax Price Regression Models
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Author : Daniel Feenberg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
Identification In Tax Price Regression Models written by Daniel Feenberg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Corporations categories.
In this paper we use an instrumental variable estimator to exploit sources of independent variation, which allows unbiased estimation of the tax-price elasticity under more general conditions. The estimator is applied to the demand for charitable giving. A charitable giving equation is an appropriate test for this procedure because it represents the purest case of a tax-price coefficient. That is, taxes are the sole source of variance in the price. The deduction is also an important policy issue. In 1982, 1.8 percent of gross income was deducted for this reason, about as much as the capital gains deduction.
Are Estimated Tax Elasticities Really Just Tax Evasion Elasticities
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Author : Joel Slemrod
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Are Estimated Tax Elasticities Really Just Tax Evasion Elasticities written by Joel Slemrod and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Income tax deductions for charitable contributions categories.
Tax return data, which has been a principal source for econometric investigations of the behavioral response to tax policy, is subject to misreporting that may bias estimates of tax responsiveness. The misreporting arises because understatement of taxable income may itself be a function of an individuals marginal tax rate, it being the return to a dollar of understated taxable income. To the extent that misreporting of income and deductions is a function of the same factors that determine the behavior under study, estimated relationships based on reported data will reveal a composite of the tax (and income) responsiveness of the actual behavior and of the misreporting of the behavior. This paper used data from tax returns that have been subject to intensive audits to confront the quantitative importance of misreporting for the estimated tax responsiveness of charitable contributions. This has been the subject of numerous empirical studies using tax return data which use a common empirical framework. It concludes that the tax responsiveness of charitable giving that has been detected using tax return data cannot be ascribed to the tax responsiveness of overstating actual giving In fact. overstatement is apparently less price responsive than actual giving, implying that the responsiveness of actual giving is higher than is suggested by studying reported contributions.
Federal Tax Policy And Charitable Giving
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Author : Charles T. Clotfelter
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2007-12-01
Federal Tax Policy And Charitable Giving written by Charles T. Clotfelter and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The United States is distinctive among Western countries in its reliance on nonprofit institutions to perform major social functions. This reliance is rooted in American history and is fostered by federal tax provisions for charitable giving. In this study, Charles T. Clotfelter demonstrates that changes in tax policy—effected through legislation or inflation—can have a significant impact on the level and composition of giving. Clotfelter focuses on empirical analysis of the effects of tax policy on charitable giving in four major areas: individual contributions, volunteering, corporate giving, and charitable bequests. For each area, discussions of economic theory and relevant tax law precede a review of the data and methodology used in econometric studies of charitable giving. In addition, new econometric analyses are presented, as well as empirical data on the effect of taxes on foundations. While taxes are not the most important determinant of contributions, the results of the analyses presented here suggest that charitable deductions, as well as tax rates and other aspects of the tax system, are significant factors in determining the size and distribution of charitable giving. This work is a model for policy-oriented research efforts, but it also supplies a major (and very timely) addition to the evidence that must inform future proposals for tax reform.
The Impact Of Tax Price Changes On Charitable Contributions To The Needy
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Author : Ernest M. Zampelli
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
The Impact Of Tax Price Changes On Charitable Contributions To The Needy written by Ernest M. Zampelli and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Eliminating or reducing the federal charitable deduction can have serious impacts on the level of charitable donations. Tax price elasticity estimates from a multivariate sample selection model indicate that changing the deduction to a 12% tax credit would have reduced individual donations in 2012 by 18.9% if applied to itemizing taxpayers and by 10.5% if extended to nonitemizers. Elimination of the deduction would have led to a 35% reduction in individual charitable donations. Even if coupled with cuts in marginal tax rates, eliminating the charitable deduction will still likely result in substantial reductions given the inelastic income elasticities of charitable donations. The estimates justify the ardent opposition of many in the nonprofit sector to the more radical proposals for changing the tax treatment of charitable contributions.